Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"2025 Obesity Fact Sheet for Korea: Prevalence of Obesity, Abdominal Obesity from 2014 to 2023 and Prevalence of Chronic Disease by Obesity Status.","authors":"Esther Kim, Sinyoung Cho, Jiyoung Kim, Bongseong Kim, Ho-Tak Seo, Ga Eun Nam, In Young Cho, Kye-Yeung Park, Su-Min Jeong, Kyungdo Han","doi":"10.7570/jomes25094","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 2025 obesity fact sheet provides an updated overview of the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity, as well as the prevalence of major chronic diseases according to obesity status in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from 17,576,389 adults who underwent general health examinations provided by the National Health Insurance Service from 2014 to 2023 and 17,660 participants from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was 38.4% (male 49.8%, female 27.5%) and 24.3% (male 31.3%, female 17.7%), respectively. Class II obesity was most prevalent among individuals aged 35-39 years (9.4%), and class III obesity peaked among those aged 30-34 years (2.6%). The prevalence of chronic diseases-including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome, and hyperuricemia-was 1.5- to 3.6-fold higher in individuals with obesity than in those without obesity, with particularly large differences in young adults and female. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was 4.5-fold higher in the obese group, whereas osteoporosis was less common in the obese group than the non-obese group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2025 obesity fact sheet provides updated national data on obesity, abdominal obesity, and obesity-related chronic diseases in Korea, highlighting the substantial and persistent burden associated with obesity. These findings emphasize the urgent need for timely and effective strategies for obesity prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"176-187"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Comorbidities, and Healthcare Costs of Prader-Willi Syndrome in South Korea Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database.","authors":"Aram Yang, Yong Jun Choi, Eungu Kang, Yong Hee Hong, Sochung Chung","doi":"10.7570/jomes25060","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with substantial comorbidity and early mortality. However, the epidemiologic burden on Asian populations, particularly in South Korea, remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the nationwide incidence, prevalence, mortality, comorbidities, and healthcare costs of PWS in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Database from 2005 to 2021. Among 2,553 individuals with PWS-related diagnostic codes, 458 patients were included in the study based on predefined criteria incorporating growth hormone therapy (GHT) or methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction testing. Epidemiologic trends, comorbidities, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and healthcare expenditures were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall birth incidence was 6.8 per 100,000 live births, with a significant increase evident after 2016. The median age at diagnosis was 1.0 years, and GHT was initiated at a median age of 2.0 years. The all-cause mortality rate was 3.5%, with pneumonia being the leading cause of death. ICU admission occurred in 25.5% of patients, often during infancy. Intellectual disability and/or developmental delay was present in 68.6% of patients, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in 15.1%. The mean cumulative healthcare cost per patient exceeded 86 million Korean won. Comorbidity prevalence and annual medical costs increased steadily over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first nationwide study to quantify the long-term epidemiological and economic burden of PWS in South Korea. Our findings underscore the need for early diagnosis, integrated care models, and policy support for this complex population.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"198-210"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Health Matters More than Weight in Cancer Prevention.","authors":"Eun-Jung Rhee","doi":"10.7570/jomes26002","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes26002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"127-129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Predictive Equations for Estimating Lean Soft Tissue and Fat-Free Mass in Class II-V Obesity: A Multicenter Observational Study with Implications for Bariatric Surgery Monitoring.","authors":"Alejandro Gómez-Bruton, Helder Fonseca, Susana Ara-Gimeno, Angel Matute-Llorente, Lucas Veras, Gabriel Lozano-Berges, Cláudia Mendes, Jorge Bravo, Manuel Carvalho, Pilar Irún, Ana Moradell, Maria Jose Palacios Fanlo, Marta Sánchez-Luengo, Gonzalo Hijos-Mallada, German Vicente-Rodríguez, Armando Raimundo, Angel Lanas, Jose A Casajus","doi":"10.7570/jomes25065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes25065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative analysis of body composition is critical for anticipating metabolic changes and optimizing weight loss outcomes after bariatric surgery (BS). This study aimed to assess agreement between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived fat-free mass (FFM) and lean soft tissue (LST) and estimates from anthropometric equations in individuals with class II obesity or greater.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LST and FFM were measured via DXA in 123 participants with class II obesity or greater. Measurements were performed before and approximately 1 month after BS. Six equations were used to estimate FFM and five to estimate LST. The estimates were calculated at both time points, and changes from pre- to post-BS were compared with the DXA-derived values. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate differences between the predicted and measured values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the group level, equation for higher body mass index (BMI) values demonstrated the highest agreement with DXA-FFM before surgery (mean difference, 0.01 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.74 to 0.74), whereas equation for normal BMI values showed the greatest agreement at follow-up (mean difference, 1.71 kg; 95% CI, 1.30 to 2.13). For LST estimation, equation provided the greatest accuracy before BS (mean difference, 0.03 kg; 95% CI, -1.35 to 1.40), and equation achieved the best performance in capturing group-level changes during follow-up (mean difference, 0.48 kg; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although certain predictive equations yielded acceptable agreement with DXA at the group level, their performance was inconsistent at the individual level, limiting their clinical utility. Further research is warranted to develop predictive models with enhanced precision and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Home-Based Exercise Training on Anthropometric Indices and Health-Related Quality of life in Children and Adolescents with Overweight/Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Alireza Ahmadi, Zohreh Sadat Navabi, Mohammad Reza Maracy, Fahimeh Moheb-Mohammadi, Mehdi Dehghani","doi":"10.7570/jomes25021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes25021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity are major health challenges in children and adolescents that have gradually increased in prevalence in recent years. This study evaluated the effects of home-based regimes of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT), or combined HIIT+RT on anthropometric indices and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, single-blinded clinical trial was conducted in Isfahan, Iran. A total of 120 patients (aged 10-18 years) with overweight or obesity participated. Eligible participants were recruited using a simple sampling method and randomly assigned to one of four groups: three intervention groups (HIIT, RT, and combined HIIT+RT) or one non-exercising control group with dietary advice. The intervention groups received 24 home-based training sessions over 2 months. Anthropometric indices and the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire were assessed both pre- and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 2 months, body weight decreased significantly in the RT group compared with baseline measurements (<i>P</i>=0.010). Waist circumference (WC) also decreased significantly in the RT group (<i>P</i>=0.001), and hip circumference (HC) decreased significantly across the three intervention groups. Adjusted analyses revealed significant reductions in body weight (<i>P</i>=0.028), WC (<i>P</i>=0.024), and HC (<i>P</i>=0.006) across interventions. No significant changes were observed in waist-to-hip ratio or body mass index (BMI). In addition, an analysis of covariance showed no significant differences in the mean changes in HRQoL among the three intervention and control groups pre- and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Home-based exercise was associated with improvements in anthropometric indices other than BMI, whereas HRQoL remained unchanged in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Binge Eating Based on the Addictive Appetite Model and Specialist Supportive Clinical Management with Adjunct Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Patients with Bulimia Nervosa: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Youl-Ri Kim, Zhen An, Ok Soon Jeon, Seung Min Oh, Gemma Kwon, Eun Mi Lee, Ye Sol Kim, Jin-Sup Eom, Janet Treasure","doi":"10.7570/jomes25023","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN), standardizing treatment approaches may create differences in acceptability and efficacy between Wester and non-Western countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective cohort study investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of psychological therapies for BN in a Korean population. A total of 227 Korean patients with BN from a university hospital were included. Of these, 125 received CBT for binge eating based on the addictive appetite model, while 102 received specialist supportive clinical management for BN (SSCM for BN). Both therapies were accompanied by motivational enhancement therapy to enhance adherence. We conducted a mixed analysis of variance to examine the effects of two psychotherapies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were main effects of time, with decreases in BN behaviors at post-treatment showing small effects (<i>η</i>² ranged from 0.02 to 0.19) and decreases in eating disorder psychopathology showing moderate effects (<i>η</i>² ranged from 0.27 to 0.54). The SSCM for BN group attended more sessions (27.3%; 15.66±14.08 sessions) than the CBT for binge eating group (39.7%; 10.86±11.80 sessions), while the dropout rate did not significantly differ between groups. In the regression analyses, the number of treatment sessions was associated with an increased likelihood of full remission (odds ratio, 1.119; <i>P</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both therapies were effective in reducing BN pathology in Korean patients with BN. The results suggest the need for personalization in the treatment of BN to enhance acceptability and efficacy, particularly in ethnic minorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction.","authors":"Jung-Sun Lim, Seonghye Kim, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin","doi":"10.7570/jomes25088","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity promotes carcinogenesis through interlocking metabolic, inflammatory, immune, and hormonal pathways. We narratively synthesize recent meta-analyses and selected cohort studies that examine adiposity-principally body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference-in relation to cancer incidence. Across the 13 cancers designated by the U.S. National Cancer Institute as obesity-associated, risk elevations are generally consistent, though magnitudes vary by histology (e.g., esophageal adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma), anatomic subsite (gastric cardia vs. non-cardia), sex or menopausal status, and adiposity metric, with central adiposity often revealing additional risk beyond BMI. Evidence is mixed for several sites (e.g., pancreas and thyroid), and emerging but less established signals are noted for oral cavity, melanoma, bladder, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia. We also review prevention data: observational studies and select trials suggest that intentional weight loss-via lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy (including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists), or bariatric surgery-can reduce overall or site-specific cancer incidence, although estimates are heterogeneous and causal certainty is limited. Taken together, biologic plausibility and convergent epidemiology support obesity as a modifiable cancer risk factor. Future studies are warranted using standardized exposure definitions, consistent stratification, and rigorous control of confounding to improve comparability. Adequately powered, long-term randomized or quasi-experimental studies may further refine effect sizes and inform precision prevention for obesity-related cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"14-37"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of the Triglyceride-Glucose Derived Indices in Detecting Metabolic Syndrome in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Valeria Calcaterra, Lucia Labati, Erika Cordaro, Laura Schneider, Virginia Rossi, Alice Colombo, Massimiliano Turzi, Valentina Fabiano, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti","doi":"10.7570/jomes25002","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the challenges associated with direct insulin measurements, several surrogate markers combining both anthropometric data and laboratory tests (such as glucose and lipid levels) have been developed. This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the following indices: triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG index adjusted for body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG index adjusted for waist circumference (TyG-WC), and TyG index adjusted for waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), for detecting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the pediatric population, in comparison with conventional parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 746 children and adolescents (372 female/374 male) categorized into groups based on BMI z-score. Insulin resistance (IR) surrogates were calculated as: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR. MetS was defined by the presence of at least three of the following components: BMI z-score ≥2 standard deviation and/or WC/height ratio ≥0.5; fasting blood glucose >100 mg/dL and/or pathological HOMA-IR; dyslipidemia; and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of MetS was 15.01% (112/746), occurring exclusively in children with obesity or overweight (<i>P</i>=0.004). The third quartile (Q3) was identified as the optimal cut-off point for the TyG indices (TyG, 8.1; TyG-BMI, 231.54; TyG-WC, 734.03; and TyG-WHtR, 4.73). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR were 0.801 (<i>P</i><0.001), 0.840 (<i>P</i><0.001), 0.832 (<i>P</i><0.001), and 0.816 (<i>P</i><0.001) respectively, comparable to the AUC of HOMA-IR, which was 0.866 (<i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR indices demonstrated promising predictive value for MetS in children with overweight or obesity. These markers can effectively identify high-risk individuals and offer a cost-effective alternative to direct assessment of insulin sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"86-98"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: Toward Precision in Obesity Diagnosis: Progress, Pitfalls, and the Path Ahead (J Obes Metab Syndr 2025;34:85-7).","authors":"Chang Hee Jung","doi":"10.7570/jomes26003","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes26003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"124-125"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145960612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined versus Individual Effects of Dietary Energy Reduction and Physical Activity on Body Composition in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome.","authors":"Jadwiga Konieczna, Victor de la O, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Vicente Martín-Sánchez, Ramón Estruch, Josep Vidal, F Javier Basterra-Gortari, Jesús F García-Gavilán, Joan Pou Bordoy, Diego Martínez-Urbistondo, José Antonio de Paz, Rosa Casas, Romina Paula Olbeyra, Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Itziar Abete, Javier Díez Espino, Miguel Fiol, Albert Goday, Dora Romaguera, J Alfredo Martínez","doi":"10.7570/jomes25027","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study prospectively assessed the combined versus individual effects of reducing energy intake (EI) and increasing physical activity (PA) on body weight and composition in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. The interaction between both exposures was likewise assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A subsample of 1,110 participants (aged 55-75 years) from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus (PREDIMED-Plus) trial was followed for 1 year. The combined effects of 1-year changes in EI and PA on reduction of ≥5% in baseline body weight and total fat, and on ≥5% increments in lean mass were examined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the combined association. Multiplicative and additive interactions were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who had reduced EI and increased PA over 1 year were significantly more likely to exhibit ≥5% reduction in body weight (odds ratio [OR], 3.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83 to 5.72) and fat mass (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.69) and ≥5% increase in lean mass (OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.87) compared to those who had increased EI and reduced PA. A potential for biological, rather than statistical, interaction between PA and EI was found, with synergy index (>1): 1.08 (95% CI, 0.58 to 1.99) for beneficial changes in body weight, 1.88 (95% CI, 0.41 to 8.65) for fat mass, and 1.44 (95% CI, 0.43 to 4.88) for lean mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Encouraging an increase in PA with complementary nutritional education to reduce dietary EI may be more effective in managing body composition in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome than focusing on lifestyle behaviors alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"72-85"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}