Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Letter: Bigger but Not Healthier: A Holistic Approach to Childhood Obesity in the Philippines.","authors":"Dalmacito A Cordero","doi":"10.7570/jomes24022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes24022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of the PPARα and Lipoprotein Lipase Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms with Dyslipidemia in Obese and Non-obese Males.","authors":"Rithab Ibrahim Al-Samawi, Thekra A Al-Kashwan, Abdul Hussein A Algenabi","doi":"10.7570/jomes23064","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear transcription factor responsible for gene expression, particularly those associated with lipid metabolism. The lipoprotein lipase enzyme (LPL) is considered a key enzyme in lipid metabolism and transport. The link between dyslipidemia and obesity is well understood. Dyslipidemia is also an established risk feature for cardiovascular disease. Thus, it becomes progressively essential to identify the role of genetic factors as risk markers for the development of dyslipidemia among obese males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was performed including 469 males. Anthropometric characteristics and serum lipid profiles such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were evaluated. Genomic DNA extraction and purification were performed using whole blood samples. Restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype PPARα and LPL single nucleotide polymorphisms. The associations between these polymorphisms and dyslipidemia were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CC and CG genotypes of PPARα gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with higher TC and LDL-C levels (<i>P</i><0.05). The TT genotype of the LPL gene polymorphism was significantly associated with higher TG levels and lower HDL-C levels (<i>P</i><0.05). In contrast, the GG genotype may have a protective action against dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reaches the interesting conclusion that there was a significant association between PPARα as well as LPL gene polymorphisms and dyslipidemia among obese and non-obese males.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Roles and Expanding Diversity of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity.","authors":"Shindy Soedono, Vivi Julietta, Hadia Nawaz, Kae Won Cho","doi":"10.7570/jomes24030","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes24030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are key regulators of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity, and the traditional M1/M2 characterization of ATMs is inadequate for capturing their diversity in obese conditions. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling has revealed heterogeneity among ATMs that goes beyond the old paradigm and identified new subsets with unique functions. Furthermore, explorations of their developmental origins suggest that multiple differentiation pathways contribute to ATM variety. These advances raise concerns about how to define ATM functions, how they are regulated, and how they orchestrate changes in AT. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of ATMs and their updated categorization in both mice and humans during obesity. Additionally, diverse ATM functions and contributions in the context of obesity are discussed. Finally, potential strategies for targeting ATM functions as therapeutic interventions for obesity-induced metabolic diseases are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"33 3","pages":"193-212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Whole-Body Electrical Muscle Stimulation Training on Inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Overweight Men.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Pour Salehi, Jalil Reisi, Sayed Mohammad Marandi, Milad Abdollahi","doi":"10.7570/jomes23070","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of whole-body electrical muscle stimulation (WB-EMS) training on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in overweight men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We divided 30 participants into EMS and control groups. The training program for the EMS group comprised 20 WB-EMS sessions (7 weeks, three sessions per week).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that EMS training caused significant increase in interferon γ (<i>P</i><0.001) and interleukin 10 (IL-10; <i>P</i><0.01) and significant decrease in IL-17 and IL-23 (<i>P</i><0.05). Also, the lipid profile showed significant positive changes in the EMS training group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EMS training, a novel exercise method that uses electric stimulation, can affect the levels of various cytokines that are involved in inflammation and immunity. EMS training can have both beneficial and harmful effects on the body depending on the type and balance of involved cytokines.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"33 3","pages":"270-274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcoholic Liver Disease/Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Index for Classification of Patients with Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Akash Roy, Arka De, Anand V Kulkarni, Surabhi Jajodia, Usha Goenka, Awanish Tewari, Nikhil Sonthalia, Mahesh K Goenka","doi":"10.7570/jomes23063","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Steatotic liver disease (SLD) encompasses metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) at extremes as well as an overlap group termed MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD). The Alcoholic Liver Disease/Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Index (ANI) was proposed to differentiate ALD from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We analysed the performance of the ANI in differentiating within the SLD spectrum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center, 202 adults (>18 years) who were prospectively diagnosed with SLD defined by magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction >6.4% were enrolled. Alcohol consumption (AC) was recorded according to thresholds for significant AC: 140-350 g/week (or 20-50 g/day) for females and 210-420 g/week (or 30-60 g/day) for males. The ANI was calculated, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was generated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 202 patients (47 years [interquartile range, IQR, 38 to 55], 23.75% females, 77% obese, 42.1% with diabetes, 38.1% hypertensive, 28.7% statin use), 40.5% were ever-alcohol consumers; 120 (59%), 50 (24.7%), and 32 (15.8%) were MASLD (ANI, -3.7 [IQR, -7 to -1.6]; MetALD, - 1.45 [IQR, -2.4 to 0.28]; and AALD, 0.71 [IQR, -1.3 to 4.8], respectively; <i>P</i><0.05 for all). The AUROC of the ANI for MASLD and AALD was 0.79 (IQR, 0.72 to 0.84; cut-off <-3.5) and 0.80 (IQR, 0.74 to 0.86; cut-off >-1.49), respectively. The ANI outperformed aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio (AUROC=0.75 [IQR, 0.69 to 0.81]) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (AUROC=0.74 [IQR, 0.67 to 0.80]). Addition of GGT did not improve model performance (AUC_diff=0.004; <i>P</i>=0.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AC is common in MASLD. The ANI distinguishes MASLD and AALD, with individual cut-offs within the intermediate zone indicating MetALD. ANI also outperforms AST/ALT ratio or GGT.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"222-228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Global Diet Quality Score and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.","authors":"Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani, Shahrzad Daei, Azam Ildarabadi, Glareh Koochakpoor, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.7570/jomes24001","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes24001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Various food quality indicators have been proposed as tools for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between global diet quality score (GDQS) and the risks of developing MetS and its components.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this secondary analysis, we included elective adult participants (n=4,548) from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Dietary data were collected by a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was defined according to the Iranian modified National Cholesterol Education Program. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the incidence of MetS in association with GDQS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study involved 1,762 men and 2,786 women with a mean±standard deviation age of 38.6±14.3 and 35.9±11.8 years, respectively. A total of 1,279 subjects developed MetS during the mean follow-up of 6.23 years. Incidence of MetS was associated with GDQS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 0.90 [95% confidence interval, CI, 0.82 to 0.98]; 0.84 [95% CI, 0.76 to 0.91]; 0.80 [95% CI, 0.73 to 0.89]; <i>P</i> for trend <0.001) after adjusting for confounding variables. The healthy food group component of GDQS was related to MetS incidence. GDQS in the range of 12%-17% in the fourth quartile was associated with a decrease in incidence of MetS components. Both healthy and unhealthy food group components of the GDQS decreased the incidence of high triglycerides, high blood pressure, and high fasting blood glucose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher GDQS was associated with a lower risk of the incidence of MetS or its components among Tehranian adults. Higher intake of healthy food group components and lower consumption of unhealthy food group components of the GDQS predicted lower MetS incidence and risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"240-250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive Impairment of Cardiac Autonomic Regulation as the Number of Metabolic Syndrome Components Increases.","authors":"Daniela Lucini, Luca Giovanelli, Mara Malacarne, Giuseppina Bernardelli, Alessandro Ardigò, Wolfgang Gatzemeier, Nadia Solaro","doi":"10.7570/jomes23068","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Compelling evidence supports the key role of dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system in that association, as well as mutual correlation among the components of MetS. The autonomic nervous system index (ANSI) is a percentile-ranked unitary proxy of cardiac autonomic regulation (CAR) that is designed to be free of age and sex bias, with higher values indicating better autonomic control. This study investigates CAR using the ANSI in patients with MetS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 133 patients referred to the Exercise Medicine Clinic of Istituto Auxologico Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) underwent CAR assessment using the ANSI and answered lifestyle questions in <i>ad hoc</i> questionnaires. The participants were retrospectively subdivided into two groups according to the presence or absence of MetS criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the subjects, 58 were diagnosed with MetS, and 75 were not (no MetS). The ANSI was significantly impaired (32.9 vs. 44.8, <i>P</i><0.01) in the MetS group, and ANSI scores showed a decreasing trend (<i>P</i>=0.004) as the number of MetS components increased. No significant lifestyle differences were found between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ANSI was significantly reduced in subjects with MetS, and, net of age and sex effects, CAR impairment became progressively more apparent as the number of MetS components increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene-Environment Interactions Significantly Alter the Obesity Risk of SH2B1 rs7498665 Carriers.","authors":"Danyel Chermon, Ruth Birk","doi":"10.7570/jomes23066","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Src homology 2 B adaptor protein 1 (<i>SH2B1</i>) gene and variants have been found to be associated with common obesity. We aimed to investigate the association between the common missense variant <i>SH2B1</i> rs7498665 and common obesity risk as well as interactions with lifestyle variables in an Israeli population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An adult cohort (n=3,070; ≥18 years) with the <i>SH2B1</i> rs7498665 variant and lifestyle, behavior (online questionnaire), and blood glucose data was analyzed. Associations between this variant, obesity risk (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 and ≥30 kg/m²), and interactions with behavioral and lifestyle factors (stress levels, eating habits score [EHS], physical activity [PA], and wine consumption) were investigated. Association and gene-environment interactions were analyzed using binary logistic regressions with interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>SH2B1</i> rs7498665 carriers were significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) more likely to be overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m²) or obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) in recessive (odds ratio [OR], 1.90 and 1.36, respectively), additive (OR, 1.24 and 1.14, respectively), and codominant (OR, 2.00 and 1.41, respectively) genetic models. <i>SH2B1</i> rs7498665 interacted with lifestyle and behavioral factors as well as glucose levels. PA and moderate wine consumption (1 to 3 drinks/week) reduced obesity risk (OR, 0.35 and 0.71, respectively). Conversely, carriers of two risk alleles who reported high stress levels, had ≥median EHS, and who had a fasting glucose level ≥90 mg/dL had a significantly increased obesity risk (OR, 3.63 and 5.82, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Carrying <i>SH2B1</i> rs7498665 significantly elevates the risk of obesity. Actionable lifestyle and behavioral factors significantly modulate the rs7498665 genetic predisposition to obesity; PA and moderate wine consumption attenuate the risk, while high stress, EHS, and fasting glucose level increase the obesity risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"251-260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Metformin and Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Lowers Cortisol, 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, and Blood Glucose Levels in Sprague Dawley Rats with Obesity and Diabetes.","authors":"Diana Mazaya Atsarina, Nyoman Suci Widyastiti, Muflihatul Muniroh, Neni Susilaningsih, Nani Maharani","doi":"10.7570/jomes23080","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combined effects of metformin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on cortisol, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), and blood glucose levels have not been investigated. This study evaluated the effectiveness of combining EGCG with metformin in regulating those levels in a rat model of diet-induced diabetes and obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty diabetic and obese rats on a high-fat diet were treated daily for 28 days with EGCG (100 mg/kg of body weight/day), metformin (200 mg/kg of body weight/day), or both. Control groups comprised lean rats, untreated obese diabetic rats, and metformin-only-treated rats. Blood samples were collected to measure cortisol and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and liver tissue samples were examined for 11β-HSD1 levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rats receiving combination therapy had significantly reduced cortisol levels (from 36.70±15.13 to 31.25±7.10 ng/mL) compared with the untreated obese diabetic rats but not the rats receiving monotherapy. Rats receiving combination therapy and EGCG monotherapy had significantly lower 11β-HSD1 levels compared with the untreated obese diabetic rats (92.68±10.82 and 93.74±18.11 ng/L vs. 120.66±14.00 ng/L). Combination therapy and metformin monotherapy significantly reduced FBG levels (440.83±133.30 to 140.50±7.36 mg/dL and 480.67±86.32 to 214.17±102.78 mg/dL, respectively) by approximately 68.1% and 55.4% compared with rats receiving EGCG monotherapy and untreated obese diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining EGCG with metformin exhibited synergistic effects compared with monotherapy for managing diabetes, leading to improved outcomes in reduction of baseline cortisol levels along with reduction in 11β-HSD1 and blood glucose levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Compliance with the Lifestyle-Modification Program \"Change 10 Habits\" Is Effective for Obesity Management.","authors":"Bo Hyung Kim, Minji Kang, Do-Yeon Kim, Kumhee Son, Hyunjung Lim","doi":"10.7570/jomes23018","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low compliance (LC) with lifestyle modification is a very common obstacle in obesity management. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of obesity management according to compliance with a lifestyle-modification program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"Change 10 Habits\" program was administered four times over 12 weeks. Eighty-seven participants were divided into LC and high compliance (HC) groups for analysis after intervention. Then, to assess the program's effectiveness based on compliance, we conducted t-tests and linear regression modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In week 12, the scores of two dietary habits-specifically, \"eat three meals regularly, adequate amount\" and \"do not eat after 9:00 PM\"-were significantly higher in the HC group than in the LC group. Changes in leg and total body fat percentages were significantly improved in the HC group (-0.2%±0.3% vs. 0.9%±0.3%, <i>P</i><0.05; -0.1%±0.3% vs. 1.1%±0.5%, <i>P</i><0.05, respectively). The body mass index was also significantly lower in the HC group than in the LC group (26.7±1.8 kg/m² vs. 27.7±2.1 kg/m², <i>P</i><0.05) at final follow-up. Finally, the systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values of the HC group also decreased significantly (from 117.9±12.2 to 114.3±15.0 mmHg, <i>P</i><0.05; from 121.7±74.9 to 105.7±60.9 mg/dL, <i>P</i><0.05; and from 24.3±15.0 to 21.1±12.2 mg/dL, <i>P</i><0.05, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HC with the study program effectively improved the dietary habits, body fat composition, blood pressure, and lipid profile of adults with mild obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"155-165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}