Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology最新文献

{"title":"Preinvasive lesion creation prevalence of other HPV types other than HPV type 16-18.","authors":"Tuğçe Baykara, İbrahim Serdar Serin, Mehmet Dolanbay, Bülent Özçelik, Enes Karaman","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.93384","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.93384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the prevalence of preinvasive lesions in cytology cases of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types other than types 16-18.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective file scan of 342 patients with normal cytology was performed between January 2016 and April 2019 in our hospital's obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic. In the first group, with the exception of HR-HPV type positivity, normal cytology and preinvasive lesions were present as a result of biopsy. In the second group, women were HPV type 16-18 positive, had normal cervical cytology, and were found to have preinvasive lesions as a result of biopsy. At the end of the study, we calculated the percentages of HPV types seen in preinvasive lesions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and forty-two patients with normal cytology were included in our study. The average age of women was 41.09±10.61. In 58 (16.9%) patients with 342 HR-HPV type positivity, preinvasive lesions were detected as a result of biopsy. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion-low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was reported in 54 (15.7%) cases, squamous cell carcinoma in 3 (0.92%) cases, and mixed surface epithelial carcinoma (endometrioid adenocarcinoma 95%, clear cell carcinoma 5%) in 1 (0.3%) case. The age variable was not significant in biopsy subgroups (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the biopsy results with preinvasive lesions, approximately half were positive for HPV type 16 or 18, and these cases were identified accordingly. Colposcopy and biopsy should be recommended in suspicious lesions, even if cytology is normal, since other HR-HPV types may also have certain rates of preinvasive and invasive lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The letrozole use in reproductive medicine: Beyond aromatase inhibition - a comprehensive review.","authors":"Gerçek Aydın, Şafak Hatırnaz, Ebru Saynur Hatırnaz, Mehmet Bilge Çetinkaya, Muhterem Akdeniz, Nur Dokuzeylül Güngör, Oğuz Güler, Merdan Ali Merdanoğlu, Asiye Uzun, Semra Eroğlu, Önder Tosun, Ali Bahadırlı, Engin Yurtçu, Betül Keyif, Huri Güvey, Naziye Gürkan, Pervin Karlı, Zehra Yılmaz, Giorgio Maria Baldini, Aziz İhsan Tavuz, Radmila Sparic, Nikoleta Tabakova, Andrea Tinelli, Mingju Cao, Seang Lin Ta, Oğuz Hatırnaz, Michael Dahan","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.02391","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.02391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Letrozole and other aromatase inhibitors are increasingly recognized as first-line ovulation induction (OI) medications, offering an efficient and physiologic approach to ovarian stimulation that enhances outcomes in reproductive medicine. By selectively inhibiting aromatase and maintaining lower peripheral estrogen levels, letrozole supports mono- or bi-follicular development while reducing the risk of supraphysiologic estradiol exposure seen with traditional gonadotropin regimens. These pharmacological characteristics have contributed to its expanding use not only in OI but also in various assisted reproductive technologies. To evaluate the clinical benefits, effectiveness, and safety of using letrozole in in vitro fertilization (IVF), in vitro maturation (IVM), and OI, with particular attention to reproductive outcomes, ovarian response, endometrial effects, cycle characteristics, and treatment-related adverse events. A comprehensive systematic search covering the period from December 2000 to November 2025 was conducted across major electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The search strategy incorporated predefined keywords related to letrozole, aromatase inhibition, OI, IVF, and IVM. Studies involving randomized controlled trials, observational cohorts, and meta-analyses were included, while non-clinical and non-reproductive data were excluded. Relevant outcomes were extracted and synthesized qualitatively. Letrozole demonstrates broad clinical utility in reproductive medicine, spanning assisted reproductive techniques, ovarian stimulation strategies, and the management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome risk, ectopic pregnancy, and endometriosis-related infertility. Its targeted estrogen suppression, cost-effectiveness, and favorable safety profile make it a valuable component of individualized treatment protocols. Nonetheless, further high-quality research is required to refine optimal dosing strategies, identify ideal patient populations, and clarify long-term reproductive and obstetric safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"101-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146208008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and neonatal outcomes in placenta accreta spectrum: Influence of antenatal diagnosis and surgical strategy.","authors":"Lumayat Orujova, Rauf Melekoğlu, Ercan Yılmaz, Halis Özdemir, Şeyma Yaşar","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.28235","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.28235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of antenatal diagnosis and surgical management strategies on maternal and neonatal outcomes in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders, emphasizing risk factors, timing of delivery, and operative approaches.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 210 women with histopathologically confirmed PAS managed at İnönü University Faculty of Medicine between January 2014 and March 2024. Demographic data, antenatal findings, delivery type, and surgical details were compared between elective and emergency procedures, as well as between uterus-preserving surgery and peripartum hysterectomy. Uterus-preserving surgery refers to conservative techniques that aim to avoid peripartum hysterectomy while controlling hemorrhage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total cohort, 66.7% underwent elective surgery, whereas 33.3% required emergency intervention. Emergency deliveries occurred earlier (mean 32.1 vs. 36.0 weeks, p<0.001) and were associated with higher blood loss (799 vs. 511 mL, p<0.001), increased perinatal mortality (20% vs. 1.4%, p<0.001), and greater neonatal morbidity, mainly respiratory distress syndrome (47% vs. 14%, p<0.001). Hysterectomy was required in 45.2% of patients, primarily with placenta percreta (60% vs. 23.5%, p<0.001). Anterior placental location (89.5%) strongly correlated with complete invasion (77.7%) and bladder involvement (27.7%, p=0.038). Bladder injuries were more common in elective cases, while ureteral injuries occurred more often in emergencies (p=0.024). Preoperative hematocrit independently predicted hysterectomy risk (odds ratio: 1.092, p=0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antenatal diagnosis and well-planned elective management significantly improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in PAS. Individualized surgical planning based on invasion depth and maternal condition remains essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"8-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of c-kit, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin in endometriosis and normal endometrial tissue.","authors":"Esra Ayhan Atasayar, Fatih Şendağ, Gürdeniz Serin, Ali Akdemir","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.53358","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.53358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>C-kit, E-cadherin and beta-catenin adhesion molecules and proto-oncogenes are thought to be associated with molecular mechanisms related to the invasion, implantation and persistence of ectopic endometrial cells. Comparing the expression levels of these molecules in endometriomas, other types of endometriosis, and normal endometrial tissue may provide further insight into the mechanisms driving endometriosis development. The present study sought to examine the molecular pathophysiological roles of these molecules by determining their expression profiles in different types of endometriosis and in the healthy endometrium.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective data from 180 cases were analyzed, comprising 60 endometriomas, 60 cases of other types of endometriosis (superficial and deep), and 60 normal proliferative endometrial tissue samples. Immunohistochemical staining for c-kit, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin was performed. The expression levels of E-cadherin and beta-catenin were quantified using the H-score method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>C-kit positivity was found in 9% of endometriomas and 10% of other endometriosis tissues, but was absent in normal endometrium. Beta-catenin H-scores were significantly lower in endometriosis tissues compared with normal endometrial tissues (p<0.001). E-cadherin levels showed no significant difference between the groups. A post-hoc power analysis confirmed that the study was adequately powered to detect group differences in E-cadherin, indicating that the non-significant finding likely reflects a true absence of a difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased c-kit expression, along with reduced beta-catenin expression in endometriosis samples, suggests that these molecules contribute to endometriosis pathogenesis. However, because no significant difference was found in E-cadherin expression, a definitive conclusion cannot be made regarding the involvement of E-cadherin in endometriosis development.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"88-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverted microscopy-based assessment reveals major maturation gap between denuded and non-denuded GV oocytes: A novel r-IVM approach.","authors":"Nuri Peker, Ayşen Yücetürk, Özge Karaosmanoğlu, Esra Tığlı, Burak Elmas, İlke Özer Aslan, Burcu Aksu Türan, Bülent Tıraş","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.26098","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.26098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the maturation rate and developmental potential of immature oocytes subjected to and spared from cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) denudation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-center prospective observational study was conducted between 15 November-15-December 2025. Germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes were allocated to two groups: Group 1 included oocytesobtained from follicles >10 mm and identified as GV following denudation, whereas group 2 included immature oocytes retrieved from non-dominant follicles with diameter <10 mm, and assessed under an inverted microscope immediately after oocyte retrieval and placed into culture medium without being denuded. All immature oocytes were cultured separately in Continuous Single Culture-NX Complete medium, supplemented with gentamicin and human serum albumin, for 24 hours. COCs in group 2 were subsequently denuded and evaluated for nuclear maturation. Oocytes reaching metaphase II (MII) underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The primary outcome was the MII maturation rate; secondary outcomes included 2PN formation rate and cleavage-stage embryo rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 885 oocytes were retrieved from 52 patients. Group 1 included 84 denuded GV oocytes, and group 2 comprised 141 non-denuded COCs. After 24 hours of culture, maturation rates in groups 1 and 2 were 3/84 (2.37%) and 52/141 (36.9%), respectively. In group 1, only one oocyte was fertilized, and the resulting embryo arrested on day 3. In group 2, the fertilization and day-3 embryo rates were 23/48 (47.9%) and 14/23 (73.4%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-denuded immature oocytes demonstrated significantly higher maturation, fertilization, and embryo development rates compared with denuded oocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"23 1","pages":"95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrauterine infusion and sub-endometrial injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma for thin endometrium: A systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhichen Tan, Xing Wei, Maoquan Li","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.29932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.29932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), administered via intrauterine infusion or subendometrial injection, for improving endometrial thickness (EMT) and pregnancy outcomes in women with thin endometrium undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses recommendations. Eligible studies investigating PRP treatment for thin endometrium in FET cycles were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. Pooled mean differences (MD) for EMT and aggregated proportions for pregnancy outcomes were calculated using R software. Fourteen studies involving a total of 523 patients were analyzed. PRP administration was associated with a significant increase in EMT [MD=1.61 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21-2.01, p<0.05]. The pooled clinical pregnancy rate following PRP treatment was 41.5% (95% CI: 29.6-53.9%). Corresponding rates for ongoing pregnancy, implantation, and miscarriage were 27.3% (95% CI: 19.7-35.0%), 22.9% (95% CI: 8.5-37.2%), and 5.3% (95% CI: 2.3-8.2%), respectively. Subgroup analyses suggested that heterogeneity was partly attributable to differences in study design and PRP administration route. Autologous PRP may be a safe and potentially effective adjunct to enhance endometrial receptivity and reproductive outcomes in women with thin endometrium. Although current evidence from single-arm studies provides a useful clinical reference, well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials are still needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146207872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of survival and apoptosis parameters of ovarian tissue follicles in two vitrification methods of needle-immersion and cryo-support in cancer patients.","authors":"Mohammad Seify, Mohammad Ali Khalili, Mojgan Hajisafari Tafti, Saeideh Dashti, Faezeh Sadat Khaje Aminian, Sayed Abbas Datli Beigi, Fatemeh Anbari","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.21774","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.21774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation is a useful technique for preserving fertility potential in women with cancer. Vitrification is a relatively new method. Several devices were discussed. Among these methods, cryo-support and needle-immersion vitrification (NIV) stand out as particularly popular. The aim of this study is the comparison of these devices in terms of follicle quality and DNA status.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The OT from 20 cancer patients was transferred with Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline supplemented with 5% serum and maintained at 4 °C for 1 hour. After preparation of OT vitrified by two freezing solutions with different concentrations of cryoprotectant, small fragments of OT (~5×1×1 mm) were attached to an insulin needle, and in another group, the tissue fragments (~5×5×1 mm) were loaded onto the Ova Cryo Device Type M, also called cryo-support, and placed in liquid nitrogen. After warming, small tissue pieces were prepared to assess the quality of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles using eosin-hematoxylin staining. An immune-histochemical investigation, including anti-p53 and anti-Caspase 3, was conducted to examine the apoptosis pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data showed a larger number of high-quality follicles in the cryo-support group (p<0.05). Also, the level of apoptosis (p53) molecules is higher in the NIV method (p<0.05). However, the levels of caspase 3 were not significantly different between the NIV approach and the cryo-support vitrification group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A recent study revealed that the cryo-support device is more effective in increasing high-quality follicles and reducing p53, which is associated with early stages of apoptosis. This device may improve clinical outcomes and may be recommended for cryopreservation programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12671467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secretome improves anti-Müllerian hormone level and ovarian function in a premature ovarian insufficiency mice model.","authors":"Stella Kawilarang, I Gede Eka Wiratnaya, I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, I Nyoman Gede Budiana","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.05082","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.05082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of secretome in improving the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and ovarian weight and restoring ovarian function in the premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) model mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A randomized, post-test-only control-group design was conducted on 18 mice, which were divided into three groups: A control group and two case groups injected with a secretome. Blood samples were analyzed for the AMH level with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; ovarian weight was measured; and hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to measure and categorize follicles at each stage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cyclophosphamide (CTX) group showed significant differences in ovarian weight, AMH, and the numbers of primary, secondary, antral, and atretic follicles compared with the control group, indicating induction of premature ovarian failure. Follicular development was improved in the CTX-secretome group compared to the CTX group, with significantly increased ovarian weight and AMH, increased numbers of primary, secondary, and antral follicles, and decreased numbers of atretic follicles. However, the results showed a significant difference between the CTX-secretome and the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show that secretome therapy improved POI management, but the results have not yet restored normal ovarian function. It still does not achieve the same functional state as normal ovarian function. Further research, particularly involving different doses of secretome, is necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"22 4","pages":"315-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12671456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of human papillomavirus positivity and genotype on sexual dysfunction and psychosexual stress.","authors":"Ceyda Karadağ, Saniye Merve Gül Kara, Gazi Güner, Emrah Dağdeviren, Ali Pota, Ergün Tercan, Mehmet Murat İnal","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.88949","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.88949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity, genotype, and female sexual dysfunction, particularly anorgasmia and psychosexual stress, among women participating in a cervical cancer screening program. It also examined whether HPV infection or genotype independently contributes to sexual dysfunction after adjusting for sociodemographic and reproductive factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective, cross-sectional study included 1,353 sexually active women aged 25-65 years who underwent HPV testing at Antalya City Hospital between May and September 2025. Participants completed validated questionnaires including the Female Sexual Function Index, Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Sociodemographic, reproductive, and clinical characteristics were recorded, and HPV genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-based assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anorgasmia was identified in 31.5% of participants (n=427). It was significantly more common among unemployed women (84.1% vs. 71.6%; odds ratio =2.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.56-2.82; p=0.0001). Higher gravidity, parity, number of living children, and elevated vaginal pH were all associated with anorgasmia (p<0.05). No significant association was found between HPV positivity or genotype and anorgasmia (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anorgasmia is primarily influenced by sociodemographic and reproductive factors, such as occupation, education level, parity, and vaginal environment, rather than HPV infection or genotype. These findings emphasize the importance of biopsychosocial and culturally sensitive approaches in evaluating and managing women's sexual health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"287-291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12671457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145373028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant radiotherapy for FIGO 2023 stage IC endometrial carcinoma.","authors":"Alper Kahvecioğlu, Sezin Yüce Sarı, Melis Gültekin, Ecem Yiğit, Zafer Arık, Alp Usubütün, Utku Akgör, Derman Başaran, Nejat Özgül, Ferah Yıldız","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.10662","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.10662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Within the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2023 staging framework, stage IC endometrial carcinoma denotes tumors with aggressive histology confined to the endometrium, without myometrial invasion. This study evaluated treatment outcomes and survival following adjuvant radiotherapy (RT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with FIGO 2023 stage IC endometrial carcinoma who were treated with adjuvant RT were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common histologic subtype was serous carcinoma (39%), followed by clear cell carcinoma (25%), high-grade endometrioid carcinoma (25%), carcinosarcoma (7%), and undifferentiated carcinoma (4%). Half of the patients received RT alone, while the remainder received combined RT and chemotherapy. Vaginal brachytherapy was the predominant adjuvant RT technique (86%). The median duration of observation was 59 months. The 2-and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96% and 87; locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) rates were 96% and 82; and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates were 92% and 80%, respectively. The presence of malignant peritoneal cytology during surgical staging predicted significantly poorer 5-year OS (93% vs. 33%), LRRFS (86% vs. 33%), and DMFS (90% vs. 0%). Within this limited cohort, the addition of chemotherapy to adjuvant RT did not confer a clear survival advantage. No severe treatment-related toxicities were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While patients with FIGO 2023 stage IC endometrial carcinoma typically achieve favorable outcomes after adjuvant RT, malignant peritoneal cytology remains an adverse prognostic factor. In this subgroup, escalation of adjuvant therapy, such as combination chemotherapy, may be appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"22 4","pages":"299-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12671466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}