Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology最新文献

{"title":"Microplastics in the umbilical vein of fetal growth restricted and healthy fetuses: A preliminary Turkish selected case series.","authors":"İsmail Bıyık, Harun Şener, Andrea Tinelli","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.67523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.67523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Microplastics are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, yet their potential association with fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains unclear. This observational, analytical case-control study aimed to evaluate the presence and size characteristics of microplastics in umbilical venous blood samples from fetuses with FGR, compared with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fourteen pregnant women with singleton pregnancies, aged 20-36 years, who delivered between 36+0 and 39+6 weeks' gestation were included. Pregnancies were classified as FGR (n=8) or healthy controls (n=6). Maternal and neonatal characteristics, including birth weight, Apgar scores, delivery mode, ultrasound and Doppler findings, and neonatal intensive care unit admission, were recorded. Umbilical vein blood samples collected at delivery were analyzed for the presence and particle size of microplastics using micro-Raman spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microplastics were detected in 83.3% of control cases and 50% of FGR cases, with no statistically significant difference between groups (p=0.198). Mean microplastic particle size was larger in the FGR group than in controls (54.41±20.15 μm vs. 36.28±16.33 μm), although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.133). Birth weight was significantly lower in the FGR group (p=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Microplastics were detected in umbilical vein blood samples of both FGR and healthy fetuses. No significant association between the presence of microplastics and FGR was observed; however, further studies with larger sample sizes are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiol-disulfide homeostasis in ovarian cancer: comparative analysis with benign neoplasia and healthy women.","authors":"Alaattin Karabulut, Muzaffer Sancı, Volkan Karataşlı, Sercan Kantarcı, Ayça Aydın Uysal, Özcan Erel, Salim Neşelioğlu, Alper İleri","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.55257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.55257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate thiol-disulfide (DS) homeostasis in women with ovarian cancer and to assess its ability to distinguish malignant ovarian tumors from benign ovarian neoplasia and healthy women.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective comparative study included 39 women with histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancer, 30 with benign ovarian neoplasia, and 46 age- and body mass index-matched healthy women. Serum native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), DS, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were measured. Thiol-DS indices were calculated as DS/NT (DNT), DS/TT (DTT), and NT/TT (NTT). Data were analyzed statistically. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05011539).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with healthy women, the ovarian cancer group exhibited lower NT, TT, and NTT values, along with higher DS, DNT, and DTT values. When malignant and benign ovarian neoplasms were compared, NT and NTT values were lower, whereas DNT and DTT ratios were higher. IMA levels did not differ between groups. Serum CA-125 levels were positively correlated with DNT and DTT, and negatively correlated with NT, TT, and NTT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thiol-DS imbalance is more pronounced in ovarian cancer than in benign ovarian neoplasia and in healthy women, suggesting that these markers may be useful adjuncts in the preoperative evaluation of adnexal masses.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation is a safe and effective alternative to GnRH antagonist protocol in PGT-A cycles.","authors":"Niyazi Emre Turgut, Sevinç Özmen, Emre Kar, Hasan Benli, Ercan Bastu","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.53926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.53926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the hypothesis that flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (fPPOS) is non-inferior to the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in terms of safety and efficacy for patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included data from 548 cycles involving 367 women aged 35 to 45 years. The fPPOS and GnRH antagonist groups comprised 307 cycles (56%) and 241 cycles (44%), respectively. All participants underwent absolute blastocyst culture, trophectoderm biopsy, and PGT-A, with advanced maternal age as the sole indication. The primary outcomes were incidence of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) rise (>10 mIU/mL), cycle cancellation due to premature ovulation, and euploid blastocyst rate per injected metaphase II oocyte. Spearman's rho correlation and the generalized linear model (logit) were applied for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of premature LH rise (8.2% versus 6.6%; p=0.302) and cycle cancellation due to premature ovulation (2% versus 0.4%; p=0.112) did not differ significantly between the fPPOS and GnRH antagonist groups. Maturation, fertilization, and blastulation rates were also similar (p>0.05). The euploid blastocyst rates per biopsy (50.12% versus 53.06%; p=0.317) and per injected metaphase II oocyte (23.84% versus 23.34%; p=0.231) were comparable between groups. Secondary outcomes, including rates of positive pregnancy tests, implantation, ongoing pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy losses, and early miscarriages, were also similar (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fPPOS protocol represents a viable alternative to the GnRH antagonist protocol for patients aged 35 years or older undergoing PGT-A.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of tinzaparin sodium and leuprolide acetate in an experimental mouse model of endometriosis: The rol of the WNT/beta-catenin pathway.","authors":"Yasemin Albak, Gamze Sönmez Ünal, Çağlar Yıldız, Meral Çetin, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Erkan Gümüş, Ahmet Şevki Taşkıran, Ali Çetin","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.93630","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.93630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Endometriosis is a benign condition driven by estrogen and inflammation in which endometrial-like tissue develops in ectopic locations. We aimed to determine whether non-steroidal agents acting on the WNT/beta-catenin signaling axis could provide therapeutic benefit in this disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty adult female mice underwent surgical creation of endometriotic implants and were then distributed into five experimental arms: untreated controls, early leuprolide (leup1d), early tinzaparin (tnz1d), delayed leuprolide (leup7d), and delayed tinzaparin (tnz7d). Early treatment groups received drug treatment beginning at postoperative hour 24, whereas delayed groups began treatment on postoperative day 8. At two weeks post-surgery, lesions were harvested for RNA extraction and transcript profiling. Tissues were also processed for hematoxylin-eosin staining with semi-quantitative grading. Immunostaining was performed using antibodies against HIF1a and WNT2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tnz7d group exhibited decreased inflammatory markers, while the leup7d group displayed reduced epithelial content; both changes resulted in lower disease severity scores. WNT2 and HIF1a immunostaining revealed greater reductions in score in the tnz7d group compared with controls and other treatment arms, but these differences were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further investigation is warranted to determine how tinzaparin sodium and leuprolide acetate modulate the WNT/β-catenin axis for the management of endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of postoperative renal ultrasound in identifying ureteral injury despite normal intraoperative jet flow.","authors":"Sercan Kantarcı, Alaattin Karabulut, Uğurcan Dağlı, Pınar Tuğçe Özer, Fatih Yıldırım, Alper İleri, Adnan Budak, Abdurrahman Hamdi İnan","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.32784","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.32784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of early postoperative renal ultrasound in detecting ureteral injury in patients who had undergone total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign indications, despite documented normal intraoperative ureteral jet flow on cystoscopy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study at a high-volume tertiary center, data from 3,170 patients who underwent TLH between January 2022 and October 2025 were analyzed. Inclusion required normal bilateral ureteral jet flow on routine intraoperative cystoscopy, a renal ultrasound within the first 24 postoperative hours, and at least 30 days of clinical follow-up. The primary outcome was the diagnostic yield of postoperative ultrasound for identifying ureteral injuries not apparent during surgery. Injuries were confirmed by advanced imaging or surgical exploration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall ureteral injury rate was 0.79% (n=25). Of these injuries, eight were diagnosed intraoperatively, while seventeen occurred despite documented normal bilateral ureteral jet flow during the procedure. Among the latter group, renal ultrasonography performed on postoperative day 1 detected 14 injuries, representing 56% of all injuries. Three injuries (12%) presented later, around postoperative day 10, and were not identified on initial imaging. Early postoperative ultrasonography demonstrated good sensitivity and a high negative predictive value as a screening tool. Comparison with preoperative baseline imaging enhanced diagnostic performance in identifying new-onset obstruction, particularly newly developed pelviectasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Normal intraoperative ureteral jet flow does not preclude ureteral injury, particularly those with delayed presentation, such as thermal damage. Early postoperative renal ultrasonography is a valuable non-invasive screening tool that identifies a significant proportion of injuries missed by cystoscopy alone. Comparative evaluation of routine postoperative ultrasonography with preoperative imaging may provide a meaningful contribution to the early diagnosis of ureteral injury following TLH.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146208016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary investigation of gene expression and levels of FSH, IL-10, and TNF-α and histological staining in natural aging mice.","authors":"Yulice Soraya Nur Intan, Soetrisno Soetrisno, Abdurahman Laqif, Dono Indarto","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.94515","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.94515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare estrous cycle patterns, serum hormone and cytokine levels, gene expression, and ovarian morphology between healthy and aging mice, to evaluate their potential as models of reproductive aging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Female BALB/c mice older than 9 months were used as the aged group and were compared with healthy controls (6-8 weeks old). Estrous phases were monitored for six days using vaginal cytology. Ovarian morphology was analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gene expression of IL-10 and TNF-α was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Healthy mice cycled through all estrous phases, whereas aging mice were predominantly arrested in diestrus and exhibited increased immune-cell infiltration and inflammatory changes. Ovarian histology showed enlargement, fibrosis, and the presence of non-functional structures. Follicle counts were reduced in aging mice, though the reduction was not statistically significant. Serum FSH (1.37±0.20 vs. 1.10±0.03 pg/mL) and TNF-α (37.05±17.31 vs. 21.57±4.62 pg/mL) were significantly elevated, whereas IL-10 was significantly decreased (4.53±0.32 vs. 6.23±0.99 pg/mL) (p<0.05). TNF-α mRNA levels increased and IL-10 mRNA levels decreased; however, these changes were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aging BALB/c mice exhibit disrupted estrous cycles, ovarian fibrosis, increased FSH and TNF-α, and reduced IL-10, changes that resemble those associated with menopause. These findings support the use of aging BALB/c mice as a model for reproductive aging and therapeutic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146207947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory indices, machine learning and artificial intelligence in tubal ectopic pregnancy management.","authors":"Uğurcan Zorlu, Senem Arda Düz, Gül Kurtaran, Mohammad İbrahim Halilzade, Burak Elmas","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.37165","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.37165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the predictive value of hematologic and biochemical inflammatory indices for methotrexate (MTX) treatment outcomes in tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP) and to develop machine learning (ML) models for individualized risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort included 293 hemodynamically stable TEP patients who were treated with a single dose of MTX between January 2019 and December 2023. Demographic, clinical, ultrasonographic, and laboratory data were analyzed. Inflammatory indices-including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR)-were calculated. Outcomes were categorized as single-dose MTX success, requirement for additional MTX, or surgery. Predictive accuracy of five supervised ML algorithms was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single-dose MTX was successful in 65.5% of patients; 18.4% required an additional dose, and 16.0% underwent surgery. AISI had the highest predictive accuracy for surgery [area under the curve (AUC)=0.929], followed by SIRI (AUC=0.899) and FAR (AUC=0.847). NLR best predicted the need for additional MTX (AUC=0.675). Naïve Bayes achieved the highest performance for surgical prediction (accuracy=98.3%, AUC=0.998), while random forest and gradient boosting were most effective in predicting the need for additional MTX (accuracy=83.1%, AUC=0.884-0.896). Feature importance analyses consistently ranked AISI, SIRI, and FAR as top predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AISI, SIRI, and FAR are strong predictors of MTX failure and surgical intervention in TEP. Combining these biomarkers with ML models markedly improves predictive performance and supports a personalized approach to TEP management. Multicenter prospective validation is needed before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146259282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between oocyte maturation and follicle size: A comparative analysis of 2D and 3D ultrasound.","authors":"Özge Karaosmanoğlu, Ayşen Yücetürk, Nuri Peker, Ömür Albayrak, Burak Elmas, İlke Özer Aslan, Bülent Tıraş","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.05763","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.05763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the ability of three-dimensional (3D) and conventional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound to predict oocyte maturity during in vitro fertilization cycles, and to evaluate their contribution to trigger timing and to the determination of optimal cut-off values for maximizing metaphase II (MII) oocyte yield using automated volume-calculation software.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-three infertile women who had ≤5 follicles, were younger than 40 years, had a body mass index <30, and had no previous oocyte maturation problems were included in this retrospective study. Follicle diameter was measured using 2D ultrasound, while follicle volume was measured using 3D ultrasound with SonoAVC software. The obtained values were compared with those from MII oocytes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 203 oocytes were analyzed; 70% of them were in the MII stage. In the ROC analysis, the optimal cut-off for 2D measurement was determined to be 17.05 mm [area under curve (AUC)=0.737], and for 3D measurement, it was 1.83 cm³ (AUC=0.709). 2D measurements showed specificity, while 3D measurements showed sensitivity. In logistic regression analysis, both 2D diameter and 3D volume were found to be independent predictors of MII oocyte development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that 3D ultrasound measurements may provide greater sensitivity for predicting oocyte maturity. However, falsepositive results may occur in the presence of multiple or nested follicles, and observer dependence cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, optimization and large-scale validation studies are needed to improve the accuracy of the method.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"23 1","pages":"64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverted microscopy as a high performance tool for pre denudation evaluation of oocyte nuclear maturity.","authors":"Nuri Peker, Ayşen Yücetürk, Özge Karaosmanoğlu, Esra Tığlı, Burak Elmas, İlke Özer Aslan, Sadık Doğan, Bülent Tıraş","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.98440","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2026.98440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to show that inverted microscope is a reliable and highly accurate method for evaluating oocyte nuclear maturation before cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) denudation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-center prospective observational study was conducted between 15 October and 15 November 2025. Non-dominant follicles with a diameter <10 mm were retrieved and evaluated under an inverted microscope to predict oocyte nuclear maturation prior to COC denudation. A total of 974 oocytes were retrieved from 59 patients; 250 COCs obtained from follicles <10 mm were analyzed. COCs were divided into three groups: (i) COCs with germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, (ii) COCs with non-GV oocytes, and (iii) unclassified COCs. Two hours later, COCs were denuded, and the diagnostic accuracy of the inverted microscope was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-seven COCs were classified as GV, 127 as non-GV, and 26 as unidentified. After denudation, 94 of 97 COCs were confirmed as GV oocytes, and 124 of 127 COCs were confirmed as non-GV oocytes. The accuracy of the inverted microscope in identifying nuclear maturation for GV and non-GV oocytes was 96.91% and 97.64%, respectively. No statistically significant difference in diagnostic accuracy was observed between embryologists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Currently, no method can definitively determine oocyte nuclear maturation before COC denudation. This method allows the prediction of oocyte nuclear maturation before denudation with high accuracy, potentially improving in vitro maturation outcomes by preserving cumulus-oocyte communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"23 1","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating midpregnancy Gas6 levels as predictive value for gestational diabetes and birth outcomes.","authors":"Yeşim Cıvıl Ürkmez, Neşet Gümüşburun, Sebati Sinan Ürkmez, Samettin Çelik, Kübra Şahin","doi":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.95515","DOIUrl":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.95515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between maternal serum growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) levels measured in the second trimester of pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); it also evaluated the possible links between this biomarker and maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 173 pregnant women were included in this prospective study (89 diagnosed with GDM, 84 healthy controls). Gas6 levels were measured using the ELISA method from blood samples taken during routine screening in the second trimester. The relationships between Gas6 levels and body mass index (BMI), oral glucose tolerance test results, and neonatal data were statistically analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gas6 levels were significantly higher in the GDM group (p<0.001). A strong positive correlation was found between Gas6 and maternal BMI (r=0.774), and a moderate positive correlation between Gas6 and oral glucose tolerance test 1-hour glucose level (r=0.577). Additionally, high Gas6 levels were found to be statistically significant in association with increased birth weight and intensive care requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased Gas6 levels in the second trimester may be a potential biomarker for early prediction of GDM risk and perinatal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":45340,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145373026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}