Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第4页

Developing a professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals in Iran: a mixed methods study 制定伊朗保健专业人员使用网络空间的专业准则:一项混合方法研究

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i10.11566

Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, M. Kadivar, F. Asghari, Zeinab Jannat, Nastaran Hadizadeh

{"title":"Developing a professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals in Iran: a mixed methods study","authors":"Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, M. Kadivar, F. Asghari, Zeinab Jannat, Nastaran Hadizadeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i10.11566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i10.11566","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to compile and develop a professional guideline for health-care providers in Iran regarding cyberspace usage. This was a mixed-methods study, conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the principles of ethics in cyberspace were collected through a review of the literature and available documents, and were then subjected to content analysis. In the second phase, the views of experts on medical ethics, virtual education, information technology and medical education, as well as clinical sciences experts and representatives of medical students and graduates were evaluated using the focus group method. In the third phase, the draft was evaluated by various stakeholders. Finally, after receiving the comments, the necessary modifications were applied to the guideline. The professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals comprised 30 codes in 5 domains, including the general regulations domain, care and treatment, research, education, and personal development. This guideline presents the various ways professionalism can be maintained in cyberspace interactions. Adherence to the principles of professionalism in cyberspace is required to protect and preserve the public trust in health-care professionals.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"86 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors affecting the recurrence of medical errors in hospitals and the preventive strategies: a scoping review. 影响医院医疗事故复发的因素及预防策略：范围审查。

IF 0.9

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-25 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i7.11049

Negar Aghighi, Aidin Aryankhesal, Pouran Raeissi

{"title":"Factors affecting the recurrence of medical errors in hospitals and the preventive strategies: a scoping review.","authors":"Negar Aghighi, Aidin Aryankhesal, Pouran Raeissi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i7.11049","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i7.11049","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the high value of human life, the occurrence of even one error that leads to death or complications is of great consequence and requires serious attention. Although significant efforts have been made to ensure patient safety, serious medical errors continue to exist. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the recurrence of medical errors and strategies to prevent them through a scoping review. Data were gathered through a scoping review of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases during August 2020. Articles related to factors influencing the recurrence of errors despite the available information, as well as articles related to measures taken worldwide to prevent them, were included in study. Overall, 32 articles were selected out of the 3422 primary papers. Two main categories of factors were identified as influential in error recurrence: human factors (fatigue, stress, inadequate knowledge) and environmental and organizational factors (ineffective management, distractions, poor teamwork). The six effective strategies for preventing error recurrence included the use of electronic systems, attention to human behaviors, proper workplace management, workplace culture, training, and teamwork. It was concluded that using a combination of methods related to health management, psychology, behavioral sciences and electronic systems can be effective in preventing the recurrence of errors.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/3f/JMEHM-15-7.PMC10151730.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9767274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the willingness of patients' companions to disclose bad news to cancer patients. 评估患者的同伴向癌症患者透露坏消息的意愿。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-01 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i3.9549

Arshia Zardoui, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Ali Kazemian, Mojtaba Parsa

{"title":"Assessing the willingness of patients' companions to disclose bad news to cancer patients.","authors":"Arshia Zardoui, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Ali Kazemian, Mojtaba Parsa","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i3.9549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i3.9549","url":null,"abstract":"Breaking bad news to patients is an essential aspect of the physician-patient relationship, but in Iran, this relationship is often disrupted by patients' families. This study investigates the views of patients' companions on breaking cancer news. In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, we conducted research on 170 cancer patients' companions and 170 non-cancer patients' companions. We designed a questionnaire to investigate the subjects' opinions and used CVI, CVR, Cronbach's alpha and ICC for evaluation. In order to compare groups, we used Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square tests and Spearman's correlation. Most participants believed that patients should be informed of their diagnosis. Cancer patients' companions were more willing to learn the bad news in case they were diagnosed with cancer and were less likely to choose \"despair\" as the reason for non-disclosure (71% vs. 44%).There was no difference between the two groups in willingness to break the cancer news to patients, choosing who should be informed first, and the reasons for non-disclosure. Most participants believed the family should be the first to know the diagnosis. In this study, most participants believed that patients should be informed of their diagnosis. However, they preferred to learn about the diagnosis before the patient, which confirms the importance of educating the families about autonomy.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/92/f5/JMEHM-15-3.PMC9376205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40336529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Media codes of ethics for health professionals and media professionals: a qualitative study. 卫生专业人员和媒体专业人员的媒体道德规范:一项定性研究。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i2.9036

Mohammad Kiasalar, Younes Shokrkhah, Saharnaz Nedjat, Hamidreza Namazi

{"title":"Media codes of ethics for health professionals and media professionals: a qualitative study.","authors":"Mohammad Kiasalar, Younes Shokrkhah, Saharnaz Nedjat, Hamidreza Namazi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i2.9036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i2.9036","url":null,"abstract":"Media is an opportunity for health professionals; however, it is not free of threats. Fixing the threats requires professional systematization through developing practical guidelines, which brings us to the goal this study was designed to achieve. The study was conducted qualitatively through literature review, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group discussion with health and media experts, as a result of which 486 codes were extracted and classified into 4 groups. The first group was addressed to media professionals and contained 126 codes in 5 categories: seeking and reporting the truth, harm minimization, integrity, independence, and respect for the rights of others. The second and third groups were addressed to health professionals, the former (150 codes) dealing with formal media, and the latter (190 codes) dealing with cyberspace. These groups were both categorized into 6 categories: scientific demeanor, beneficence, harm minimization, integrity, maintaining the dignity of the profession and professionals, and respect for the rights of others. The fourth group was addressed to the public audience and contained 20 codes categorized into 2 categories: ethics of belief, and ethics of (re-)publishing. Since the study was conducted during the pandemic/infodemic, the proposed codes can help reduce possible conflicts in similar future situations.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/3d/JMEHM-15-2.PMC9376203.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40335906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the Farsi version of attitude toward plagiarism questionnaire have acceptable psychometric properties? 波斯语版的抄袭态度问卷具有可接受的心理测量特性吗?

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-08 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i1.8900

Saleheh Tajalli, Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani, Mazlome Hamzekhani, Azam Shirinabadi Farahani, Nima Pourgholam Amiji, Martina Mavrinac, Roqayeh Aliyari

{"title":"Does the Farsi version of attitude toward plagiarism questionnaire have acceptable psychometric properties?","authors":"Saleheh Tajalli, Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani, Mazlome Hamzekhani, Azam Shirinabadi Farahani, Nima Pourgholam Amiji, Martina Mavrinac, Roqayeh Aliyari","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i1.8900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i1.8900","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Attitudes Toward Plagiarism Questionnaire (ATPQ) among Iranian medical sciences postgraduate students and faculty members. In this study, the ATPQ developed by Mavrinac et al. in 2010 was translated into Persian. After assessment of face and content validity, we distributed the ATPQ draft among 286 Iranian medical science postgraduate students and faculty members. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis were applied, and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the ATPQ. All the items of our English version of the ATPQ were approved by the developer of the original ATPQ, and two were revised in the cognitive interview. Construct validity assessment showed that three items were not seriously involved in the extracted factors. The Persian version of the ATPQ had 26 items, five factors and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.81%, and the combined value explained 38.24% of the total variance of this scale. Two new factors of \"perceived control\" and \"attitude toward self-plagiarism\" were extracted and incorporated into the Persian version. To conclude, the ATPQ is a valid, reliable, and convenient instrument to determine attitudes toward plagiarism among Iranian medical science postgraduate students and faculty members.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dd/0b/JMEHM-15-1.PMC9376204.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40336528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

To use or not to use? an ethical analysis of access to data and samples of a deceased patient for genetic diagnostic and research purposes. 用还是不用?为遗传诊断和研究目的获取死亡患者数据和样本的伦理分析。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i13.11569

Mahshad Noroozi, Fatemeh Bahmani, Kazem Mousavizadeh, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Akram Hashemi, Mina Forouzandeh

{"title":"To use or not to use? an ethical analysis of access to data and samples of a deceased patient for genetic diagnostic and research purposes.","authors":"Mahshad Noroozi, Fatemeh Bahmani, Kazem Mousavizadeh, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Akram Hashemi, Mina Forouzandeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i13.11569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i13.11569","url":null,"abstract":"Using genetic tests on deceased patients' samples for diagnostic purposes affects the family members' health and lives but raises some ethical issues in today's practice of medicine and research. In this paper, we address a common ethical dilemma of clinicians regarding whether to perform genetic tests on a deceased patient's sample upon a request from first-degree relatives against the patient's wishes in the last days of life. In this paper, a real case scenario is presented that echoes the above-mentioned ethical challenge. Reviewing the genetic basis of the case, the ethical arguments for and against the reuse of genetic material in a clinical context are discussed. An ethico-legal analysis of the case is proposed based on Islamic medical ethics resources. As reusing stored samples of expired patients without their consent also challenges the researchers in the field of genetics, a debate is included on the post-mortem use of genetic data and samples for research. Finally, defining the special features of the presented case and positive benefit-risk ratio, it is concluded that reusing the patient's sample may be justified if the first-degree family members insist on genetic testing and are comprehensively informed about the benefits and harms.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e1/f6/JMEHM-15-13.PMC10151722.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9416370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ethical attitude of dentists scale: development and psychometric properties. 牙医伦理态度量表的发展及其心理测量学性质。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Abbas Ebadi, Amirahmad Shojaei, Bagher Larijani, Mohammad Sadegh Akhoundi, Azam Khorshidian

{"title":"The ethical attitude of dentists scale: development and psychometric properties.","authors":"Abbas Ebadi, Amirahmad Shojaei, Bagher Larijani, Mohammad Sadegh Akhoundi, Azam Khorshidian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"One critical tactic that leads to a better understanding of the ethical status of dentists is to assess their ethical attitude by using an appropriate scale. This study aimed to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the ethical attitude of dentists scale (EADS). This study was conducted based on a mixed-method design. The first qualitative part of the study was conducted in 2019 and the items of the scale were produced from the ethical codes compiled in a previous study. In this part, the psychometric analysis was conducted. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient. Factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity (n = 511), and the following three factors were extracted with a total variance of 48.03. 1) Maintaining the standing of the profession in relationships. 2) Providing dental services while maintaining trust in the profession, and 3) Providing information for the benefit of the patient. In confirmatory factor analysis, appropriate values were obtained for the goodness of fit indices, and Cronbach's alpha was 0.68 - 0.84 for the various factors. Based on the results mentioned above, this scale showed an appropriate validity and reliability for measuring the ethical attitude of dentists.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/1a/JMEHM-15-12.PMC10151733.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9470444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Professional quality of life and resilience in pre-hospital emergency technicians during COVID-19 in Iran: a cross-sectional study. 2019冠状病毒病期间伊朗院前急救技术人员的职业生活质量和复原力:一项横断面研究

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i15.11573

Yasser Fatahi, Roohangiz Norouzinia, Maryam Aghabarary

{"title":"Professional quality of life and resilience in pre-hospital emergency technicians during COVID-19 in Iran: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yasser Fatahi, Roohangiz Norouzinia, Maryam Aghabarary","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i15.11573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i15.11573","url":null,"abstract":"The professional quality of life of pre-hospital emergency technicians has been adversely affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study was performed to investigate the professional quality of life and resilience and their relationships in pre-hospital emergency technicians of Kermanshah Province, Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study was conducted on 412 pre-hospital emergency technicians in Kermanshah Province in 2020 using the census method. Data collection tools were the Stamm Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Emergency Medical Services Resilience scale. Pre-hospital emergency technicians experienced moderate levels of the professional quality of life dimensions and high/acceptable levels of resilience. There was a significant correlation between resilience and the dimensions of the professional quality of life. The results of the regression test showed that resilience had a significant effect on all three components of the professional quality of life. Therefore, the use of resilience enhancement strategies is recommended to improve the professional quality of life of pre-hospital emergency technicians.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4c/da/JMEHM-15-15.PMC10151726.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9416367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships between ethical decision-making and professional behavior in Iranian nursing students. 伊朗护生道德决策与职业行为的关系

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i4.10190

Fatemeh Molaei Tavani, Mozhgan Behshid, Azad Rahmani, Saeid Mousavi, Mehran Seif-Farshad, Parvin Rahmani

引用次数: 0

Developing a professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals in Iran: a mixed methods study. 制定伊朗保健专业人员使用网络空间的专业准则:一项混合方法研究。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, Maliheh Kadivar, Fariba Asghari, Zeinab Jannat, Nastaran Hadizadeh

{"title":"Developing a professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals in Iran: a mixed methods study.","authors":"Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, Maliheh Kadivar, Fariba Asghari, Zeinab Jannat, Nastaran Hadizadeh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to compile and develop a professional guideline for health-care providers in Iran regarding cyberspace usage. This was a mixed-methods study, conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the principles of ethics in cyberspace were collected through a review of the literature and available documents, and were then subjected to content analysis. In the second phase, the views of experts on medical ethics, virtual education, information technology and medical education, as well as clinical sciences experts and representatives of medical students and graduates were evaluated using the focus group method. In the third phase, the draft was evaluated by various stakeholders. Finally, after receiving the comments, the necessary modifications were applied to the guideline. The professional guideline for the use of cyberspace by health-care professionals comprised 30 codes in 5 domains, including the general regulations domain, care and treatment, research, education, and personal development. This guideline presents the various ways professionalism can be maintained in cyberspace interactions. Adherence to the principles of professionalism in cyberspace is required to protect and preserve the public trust in health-care professionals.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/24/41/JMEHM-15-10.PMC10151727.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9470440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0