Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第3页

Ethical challenges raised by osteoporosis-related clinical trials 骨质疏松症相关临床试验带来的伦理挑战

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i7.14302

Maryam Mirahmad, Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi, Fariba Asghari, Bagher Larijani

引用次数: 0

Ethical considerations in sarcopenia research 肌肉疏松症研究的伦理考量

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i8.14303

G. Shafiee, N. Z. Balajam, R. Heshmat, Bagher Larijani

引用次数: 0

Ethical challenges in gestational diabetes. 妊娠期糖尿病的伦理挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-19 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i6.13470

Mojgan Asadi, Farzaneh Zahedi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani

引用次数: 0

The extent of government intervention in the public health system and individual freedoms during the Covid-19 pandemic: a theoretical analysis. 新冠肺炎大流行期间政府对公共卫生系统和个人自由的干预程度：理论分析。

IF 0.9

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i4.13232

Vahid Moazzen, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki

{"title":"The extent of government intervention in the public health system and individual freedoms during the Covid-19 pandemic: a theoretical analysis.","authors":"Vahid Moazzen, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i4.13232","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i4.13232","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of individual freedom has complex and multifaceted dimensions that significantly affect the limits of permissible government interventions aimed at restricting such freedoms and maintaining public health. Therefore, the boundary between individual freedom and the social obligations of the government must be carefully clarified. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for such clarifications clearly increased. This study intended to investigate the concept of freedom according to major theories and to observe their application in analyzing the relations between individuals and the government in the health system, particularly during public health emergencies. The findings revealed that \"justice-based\", \"development-based\" and \"accountability-based\" conceptions of freedom provide a more appropriate rationale for implementation of public health restrictive measures by health authorities during infectious disease outbreaks including pandemics such as COVID-19. Even in minimal governments that are built upon a free-market system and unrestricted conception of individuals' freedom, such public health interventions are justifiable in the light of the 'Catastrophic Moral Horror' where there is an extreme risk to the health of citizens.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/8d/JMEHM-16-4.PMC10518637.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical challenges in conducting and the clinical application of human microbiome research. 人类微生物组研究的开展和临床应用面临的伦理挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-07 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i5.13313

Hanieh Sadat Ejtahed, Mojtaba Parsa, Bagher Larijani

引用次数: 0

Self-citation: to do or not to do? 自引:做还是不做?

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i1.12884

Nematullah Shomoossi, Mostafa Rad

引用次数: 0

A dialog on common morality in medical ethics in a pluralist setting in Iran: a qualitative content analysis. 伊朗多元背景下医学伦理中的共同道德对话:定性内容分析。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i3.12972

Ladannaz Zahedi, Bagher Larijani, Mohsen Javadi, Shahin Aawani, Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Kobra Joodaki, Roya Rashidpouraie, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani

{"title":"A dialog on common morality in medical ethics in a pluralist setting in Iran: a qualitative content analysis.","authors":"Ladannaz Zahedi, Bagher Larijani, Mohsen Javadi, Shahin Aawani, Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Kobra Joodaki, Roya Rashidpouraie, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i3.12972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i3.12972","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of common morality is fundamental in medical ethics, and lack of universal content and characteristics of common morality is a product of its multifaceted nature. This study aimed to identify the ideas and experiences of academic faculties regarding common morality in a pluralistic setting to promote conceptual knowledge and strengthen moral reasoning and ethical decision-making. The study was conducted using a qualitative method, employing semi-structured in-depth interviews with thirteen faculty members who were selected purposively. In order to assess their ideas and experiences, the transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using the content analysis method through directed and conventional approaches. The interviews were coded manually. Two themes were reflected in the interviews: ontology and epistemology of common morality. The study indicates that the debate about the subjective or objective dependence of common morality questions the coherence of Beauchamp and Childress' common morality (CM) theory, as common morality is the result of various individual and social factor that influence moral and decision -making in pluralistic environments. Additional studies are needed in order to investigate the effect of cultural, social, theoretical, ideological and individual factors on promoting clinical ethical reasoning and decision-making skills.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/ce/JMEHM-16-3.PMC10338647.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to approach a colleague's error: a journey from moral knowledge to moral action. 如何处理同事的错误:从道德知识到道德行动的旅程。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i2.12911

Shiva Khaleghparast, Majid Maleki, Maziar Gholampour Dehaki, Setareh Homami, Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Saeideh Mazloomzadeh, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki

引用次数: 0

Barriers of health equity in the Iranian health system from the medical ethics viewpoint. 从医学伦理角度看伊朗卫生系统中的卫生公平障碍。

IF 0.9

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-28 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i14.11570

Davoud Nezamoleslami, Efat Mohamadi, Bagher Larijani, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Masoumeh Ebrahimi Tavani, Roya Rashidpouraie, Fataneh Sadat Bathaei

{"title":"Barriers of health equity in the Iranian health system from the medical ethics viewpoint.","authors":"Davoud Nezamoleslami, Efat Mohamadi, Bagher Larijani, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Masoumeh Ebrahimi Tavani, Roya Rashidpouraie, Fataneh Sadat Bathaei","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i14.11570","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i14.11570","url":null,"abstract":"In order to lessen health inequalities, the obstacles to health equity will need to be identified. This study aimed at investigating the barriers to access to health-care services from the medical ethics point of view. Data were collected through a qualitative study by performing semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants involved in health provision and/or management. Content analysis was done using MAXQDA software. Overall, 30 interviews were conducted. The content analysis of the interviews identified two themes including \"micro factors\" and \"macro factors\", five sub-themes including \"cultural, financial, geographical, social and religious barriers\", and 44 codes. Based on our findings, differences in individuals' perceptions, cultural control, religious beliefs and social stigmas create cultural barriers. Financial barriers consist of the financial connection between service recipients and service providers, insurance premiums, and inadequate coverage of health-care services. The most important geographical barriers identified in our study were differences in urbanization, inequality in various geographical areas, marginalization, and inequality in resource distribution. Finally, differences in the level of income, education and occupational diversity were among the social barriers. Given the wide range of barriers to access to health-care services, a comprehensive plan covering various dimensions of health equity should be implemented. To this end, innovative and progressive strategies emphasizing the principles of equity and social equality should be developed.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/34/JMEHM-15-14.PMC10151731.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9416364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ethical attitude of dentists scale: development and psychometric properties 牙医伦理态度量表的发展及其心理测量学性质

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v15i12.11568

A. Ebadi, Amirahmad Shojaei, B. Larijani, Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi, A. Khorshidian

{"title":"The ethical attitude of dentists scale: development and psychometric properties","authors":"A. Ebadi, Amirahmad Shojaei, B. Larijani, Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi, A. Khorshidian","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i12.11568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v15i12.11568","url":null,"abstract":"One critical tactic that leads to a better understanding of the ethical status of dentists is to assess their ethical attitude by using an appropriate scale. This study aimed to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the ethical attitude of dentists scale (EADS). This study was conducted based on a mixed‐method design. The first qualitative part of the study was conducted in 2019 and the items of the scale were produced from the ethical codes compiled in a previous study. In this part, the psychometric analysis was conducted. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient. Factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity (n = 511), and the following three factors were extracted with a total variance of 48.03. 1) Maintaining the standing of the profession in relationships. 2) Providing dental services while maintaining trust in the profession, and 3) Providing information for the benefit of the patient. In confirmatory factor analysis, appropriate values were obtained for the goodness of fit indices, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.68 - 0.84 for the various factors. Based on the results mentioned above, this scale showed an appropriate validity and reliability for measuring the ethical attitude of dentists.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43896047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1