Soolmaz Moosavi, Maryam Sadaat Mousavi, Ayat Ahmadi, Amirhossein Mardani, A. Parsapoor, E. S. Gooshki
{"title":"Respecting patients’ rights in hospitals: patients’ and health-care workers’ perspectives","authors":"Soolmaz Moosavi, Maryam Sadaat Mousavi, Ayat Ahmadi, Amirhossein Mardani, A. Parsapoor, E. S. Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i13.14308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i13.14308","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the importance of respecting and observing patients’ rights, this study aimed to assess the level of observance of hospitalized patients’ rights from both patients’ and health-care workers' (HCWs) perspectives. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study reports the responses of 486 patients and 887 HCWs in a public referral university hospital. The study illustrates that patients and HCWs think patients’ rights are respected at a medium level; however, HCWs reported lower levels of respect for patients’ rights than patients, and senior HCWs reported even lower levels than their younger colleagues. Older patients and those hospitalized in internal medicine wards reported lower respect for autonomy and responsiveness, and patients’ companions reported lower levels of respect for patients’ rights than the patients themselves.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical challenges raised by osteoporosis-related clinical trials","authors":"Maryam Mirahmad, Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi, Fariba Asghari, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i7.14302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i7.14302","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"43 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Shafiee, N. Z. Balajam, R. Heshmat, Bagher Larijani
{"title":"Ethical considerations in sarcopenia research","authors":"G. Shafiee, N. Z. Balajam, R. Heshmat, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i8.14303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i8.14303","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"42 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical challenges in gestational diabetes.","authors":"Mojgan Asadi, Farzaneh Zahedi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i6.13470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i6.13470","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/2e/JMEHM-16-6.PMC10518638.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The extent of government intervention in the public health system and individual freedoms during the Covid-19 pandemic: a theoretical analysis.","authors":"Vahid Moazzen, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i4.13232","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i4.13232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of individual freedom has complex and multifaceted dimensions that significantly affect the limits of permissible government interventions aimed at restricting such freedoms and maintaining public health. Therefore, the boundary between individual freedom and the social obligations of the government must be carefully clarified. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for such clarifications clearly increased. This study intended to investigate the concept of freedom according to major theories and to observe their application in analyzing the relations between individuals and the government in the health system, particularly during public health emergencies. The findings revealed that \"justice-based\", \"development-based\" and \"accountability-based\" conceptions of freedom provide a more appropriate rationale for implementation of public health restrictive measures by health authorities during infectious disease outbreaks including pandemics such as COVID-19. Even in minimal governments that are built upon a free-market system and unrestricted conception of individuals' freedom, such public health interventions are justifiable in the light of the 'Catastrophic Moral Horror' where there is an extreme risk to the health of citizens.</p>","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/8d/JMEHM-16-4.PMC10518637.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41133143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical challenges in conducting and the clinical application of human microbiome research.","authors":"Hanieh Sadat Ejtahed, Mojtaba Parsa, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i5.13313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i5.13313","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/aa/JMEHM-16-5.PMC10518636.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41178768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-citation: to do or not to do?","authors":"Nematullah Shomoossi, Mostafa Rad","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i1.12884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i1.12884","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/18/JMEHM-16-1.PMC10338646.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9829515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dialog on common morality in medical ethics in a pluralist setting in Iran: a qualitative content analysis.","authors":"Ladannaz Zahedi, Bagher Larijani, Mohsen Javadi, Shahin Aawani, Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Kobra Joodaki, Roya Rashidpouraie, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i3.12972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i3.12972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of common morality is fundamental in medical ethics, and lack of universal content and characteristics of common morality is a product of its multifaceted nature. This study aimed to identify the ideas and experiences of academic faculties regarding common morality in a pluralistic setting to promote conceptual knowledge and strengthen moral reasoning and ethical decision-making. The study was conducted using a qualitative method, employing semi-structured in-depth interviews with thirteen faculty members who were selected purposively. In order to assess their ideas and experiences, the transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using the content analysis method through directed and conventional approaches. The interviews were coded manually. Two themes were reflected in the interviews: ontology and epistemology of common morality. The study indicates that the debate about the subjective or objective dependence of common morality questions the coherence of Beauchamp and Childress' common morality (CM) theory, as common morality is the result of various individual and social factor that influence moral and decision -making in pluralistic environments. Additional studies are needed in order to investigate the effect of cultural, social, theoretical, ideological and individual factors on promoting clinical ethical reasoning and decision-making skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/ce/JMEHM-16-3.PMC10338647.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to approach a colleague's error: a journey from moral knowledge to moral action.","authors":"Shiva Khaleghparast, Majid Maleki, Maziar Gholampour Dehaki, Setareh Homami, Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Saeideh Mazloomzadeh, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i2.12911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i2.12911","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/bf/JMEHM-16-2.PMC10338648.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Barriers of health equity in the Iranian health system from the medical ethics viewpoint.","authors":"Davoud Nezamoleslami, Efat Mohamadi, Bagher Larijani, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Masoumeh Ebrahimi Tavani, Roya Rashidpouraie, Fataneh Sadat Bathaei","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i14.11570","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v15i14.11570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to lessen health inequalities, the obstacles to health equity will need to be identified. This study aimed at investigating the barriers to access to health-care services from the medical ethics point of view. Data were collected through a qualitative study by performing semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants involved in health provision and/or management. Content analysis was done using MAXQDA software. Overall, 30 interviews were conducted. The content analysis of the interviews identified two themes including \"micro factors\" and \"macro factors\", five sub-themes including \"cultural, financial, geographical, social and religious barriers\", and 44 codes. Based on our findings, differences in individuals' perceptions, cultural control, religious beliefs and social stigmas create cultural barriers. Financial barriers consist of the financial connection between service recipients and service providers, insurance premiums, and inadequate coverage of health-care services. The most important geographical barriers identified in our study were differences in urbanization, inequality in various geographical areas, marginalization, and inequality in resource distribution. Finally, differences in the level of income, education and occupational diversity were among the social barriers. Given the wide range of barriers to access to health-care services, a comprehensive plan covering various dimensions of health equity should be implemented. To this end, innovative and progressive strategies emphasizing the principles of equity and social equality should be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/34/JMEHM-15-14.PMC10151731.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9416364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}