Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第3页

Ethical considerations in prevention and management of non-communicable diseases: a narrative review. 预防和管理非传染性疾病中的伦理考虑：叙述性审查。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i19.18671

Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Aryan Ayati, Yasaman Sharifi, Pouya Ebrahimi, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki, Shirin Djalalinia, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Moloud Payab, Bagher Larijani

{"title":"Ethical considerations in prevention and management of non-communicable diseases: a narrative review.","authors":"Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Aryan Ayati, Yasaman Sharifi, Pouya Ebrahimi, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki, Shirin Djalalinia, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Moloud Payab, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i19.18671","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i19.18671","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, alarming trends in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have grown into some of the most important health concerns worldwide. The present research attempts to address the controversial approaches to the practical function of medical ethics while critically reviewing the main concepts of ethical considerations in NCD prevention literature. After refining the searched documents, we integrated related concepts and research, particularly emphasizing ethical considerations in NCD management. All four functional areas of NCD prevention (general health policymaking, social interventional, primary prevention, and secondary prevention) are affected by parallel associated factors of health determinants: environmental modification, lifestyle improvement and physiological characteristics, respectively. In addition to the practical aspects of implementing a response to NCDs, a variety of ethical considerations should be taken into account. For instance, general policies, equity in care, interventional programs, and clinical/research data protection. A comprehensive, holistic approach considering all the involved parties can accommodate the wide spectrum of needs and continuum of management for NCDs. Creating an ethical procedure structure in public health systems can provide insight into managing the challenges posed by NCDs to health systems and assist in systematically confronting ethical problems in the management of NCDs.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are Iranian patients willing to receive clinical information and participate in treatment decisions? 伊朗患者是否愿意接受临床信息并参与治疗决策？

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i17.18669

Mobin Mohammadi, Narges Motamedi, Neda Yavari

{"title":"Are Iranian patients willing to receive clinical information and participate in treatment decisions?","authors":"Mobin Mohammadi, Narges Motamedi, Neda Yavari","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i17.18669","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i17.18669","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the extent to which patients are willing to receive medical information about their health status and participate in medical decision-making. It also assessed the patients' satisfaction with the amount of information provided to them and their involvement in treatment decisions. Additionally, the study evaluated differences between patients' and their companions' perspectives on the necessity of informing patients about their health status. This cross-sectional study included 110 eligible patients, who were interviewed using a developed and validated questionnaire. The results revealed that Iranian patients exhibited a relatively high tendency to seek information and participate in medical decision-making. This tendency was more pronounced among women, married individuals, and patients hospitalized in private hospitals. Additionally, the companions' inclination to inform patients about their clinical condition was lower than the patients' own desire to be informed. The study concluded that doctors should create an appropriate environment for informing patients and facilitating their active participation in decisions. Furthermore, the decision regarding the extent of information provided to patients should be left to the patients themselves.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison between the impacts of lecture and game based teaching on moral sensitivity among nursing students. 课堂教学与游戏教学对护生道德敏感性的影响比较。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i18.18670

Tayebe Jalali, Azam Heidarzadeh, Ali Ansari, Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi, Mina Mobasher, Mohammad Parvaresh Masoud

{"title":"A comparison between the impacts of lecture and game based teaching on moral sensitivity among nursing students.","authors":"Tayebe Jalali, Azam Heidarzadeh, Ali Ansari, Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi, Mina Mobasher, Mohammad Parvaresh Masoud","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i18.18670","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i18.18670","url":null,"abstract":"Effective educational strategies are crucial for developing moral sensitivity in nursing students. Traditional lecture-based methods may lack engagement, prompting the exploration of game-based approaches. This study compares the impacts of game-based and lecture-based teaching on nursing students' moral sensitivity. In this quasi-experimental study, 46 fourth-semester nursing students from Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences participated. The control group received traditional lectures, while the intervention group engaged in game-based learning focused on moral scenarios in eight 90-minute sessions. Of the initial 46 students, 42 completed the study. Both groups had similar demographics. Post-intervention, the game-based group showed a statistically significant increase in total moral sensitivity scores (P = 0.017). Additionally, they scored higher in \"experience of ethical problems and conflicts\" (P = 0.044) and in \"sincerity and benevolence\" (P = 0.007) compared to the lecture group. It was concluded that game-based teaching methods significantly enhance moral sensitivity among nursing students compared to traditional lectures, particularly in areas related to ethical conflicts and benevolence. Future research should focus on the long-term effects and integration of game-based learning in nursing education.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Audiovisual recordings of patients: developing an ethical guideline in Iran. 病人的视听记录：在伊朗制定道德准则。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i16.18668

Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, Marjan Kouhnavard, Fariba Asghari, Pooneh Salari, Maliheh Kadivar, Alireza Parsapoor, Hessameddin Riahi, Mitra Zolfaghari

{"title":"Audiovisual recordings of patients: developing an ethical guideline in Iran.","authors":"Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad, Marjan Kouhnavard, Fariba Asghari, Pooneh Salari, Maliheh Kadivar, Alireza Parsapoor, Hessameddin Riahi, Mitra Zolfaghari","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i16.18668","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i16.18668","url":null,"abstract":"Widespread use of smartphones among healthcare professionals necessitates the availability of accessible ethical guidelines that consider cultural and social contexts. This study aimed to develop an ethical guideline for the use and documentation of audiovisual recordings of patients in Iran. The study was conducted in three phases: (I) a literature review, (II) focus group discussions, and (III) expert panel sessions. Participants were selected based on their willingness to participate in focus group meetings and a minimum of five years of experience in the field. Conventional content analysis was used for the focus group discussions, while directed content analysis was applied to the expert panel sessions. The guideline comprises two sections: \"general ethical considerations\", which includes 43 items, and \"specific ethical considerations\", which contains 18 items. The \"general ethical considerations\" section addresses ethical issues to be considered before, during, and after making audiovisual recordings of patients. The \"specific ethical considerations\" section focuses on ethical principles related to audiovisual recordings involving children and adolescents, cadavers, and patients with impaired decision-making capacity. This ethical guideline aims to address emerging ethical and legal challenges and to ensure that healthcare professionals' behaviors align with established ethical principles and societal expectations. Furthermore, it can serve as a valuable resource for developing assessment tools and training students in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing the ethical cycle model for resolving ethical conflicts in medical practice: addressing challenges in treating pandemic patients. 引入伦理循环模型以解决医疗实践中的伦理冲突：应对治疗流行病患者的挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667

Ensieh Madani, Ali Dizani, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Mansure Madani

{"title":"Introducing the ethical cycle model for resolving ethical conflicts in medical practice: addressing challenges in treating pandemic patients.","authors":"Ensieh Madani, Ali Dizani, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Mansure Madani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667","url":null,"abstract":"Ethical dilemmas are among the most important ethical problems in medicine. With the advent of COVID-19, the moral problems of physicians have taken on new dimensions as the specific features of this disease pose additional ethical challenges that require particular solutions. One common way to solve ethical dilemmas is to use ethical decision making models. One of the most recent models in ethics of technology is the \"ethical cycle\" developed by Ibo van de Poel. By describing and comparing several models, this paper examines the application of the ethical cycle to physicians' ethical problems and medical ethics. This model can help solve complex problems in consultations and ethics committee meetings because it is comprehensive and covers various aspects of the discussion. In this model, first the ethical problem is formulated and analyzed and then the potential options for action are proposed. Subsequently, by referring to ethical theories and professional codes of conduct in the medical field, as well as applying the method of \"reflective equilibrium,\" an ethical decision is reached. This decision is specific to each case and may not necessarily be the best solution for other individuals or situations.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tools for assessing professional identity in health professions education: a scoping review. 评估卫生专业教育中职业认同的工具：范围审查

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665

Zahra Sadat Tabatabaei, Homayoun Amini, Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad

{"title":"Tools for assessing professional identity in health professions education: a scoping review.","authors":"Zahra Sadat Tabatabaei, Homayoun Amini, Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complexity and multidimensional nature of professional identity assessment in health professions education, it is essential to establish appropriate criteria. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to explore the current knowledge in this process and map the directions for future research. The present review was based on the five-step framework of Arksey and O'Malley. Eligible articles were examined using descriptive analysis of studies on the characteristics and psychometrics of the tools for professional identity assessment and their underlying theories. After an extensive search, 9,924 studies were identified, 162 of which were selected for full-text review, and finally, 17 articles qualified for inclusion in the study. For the most part, the target group consisted of studies on nursing and medical students. In 14 of the included studies, tools and psychometric properties were mentioned. Most professional identity assessment tools were designed or developed based on identity theories, particularly the social identity theory and Kagan's constructive-developmental theory, which were used more often than others. This scoping review will help researchers to choose or develop reliable and valid tools under clear conceptual and theoretical frameworks to assess the formation and development of professional identity in health professions education.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical analysis of a case of treatment refusal: respect for patients' autonomy in the context of the Iranian clinical environment. 一例拒绝治疗的伦理分析：在伊朗临床环境中尊重病人的自主权。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i14.18666

Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Shiva Khaleghparast, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki

引用次数: 0

Ethics and healthcare in the older adult population. 老年人口的伦理和保健。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664

Aryan Ayati, Moloud Payab, Zhaleh Shadman, Amirahmad Shojaei, Mojgan Asadi, Farshad Sharifi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani

{"title":"Ethics and healthcare in the older adult population.","authors":"Aryan Ayati, Moloud Payab, Zhaleh Shadman, Amirahmad Shojaei, Mojgan Asadi, Farshad Sharifi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is a natural process involving the loss of several abilities, including cardiovascular, neurologic, musculoskeletal, and social capabilities. In addition to the usual needs, older adults face specific physical and mental challenges. Considering the increase in life expectancy and the large percentage of older adults in most populations, societies should be prepared for the ethical challenges associated with high-demand older generations. A search was conducted across the three main databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Next, 57 qualitative studies were selected to evaluate the ethical concerns and solutions in providing healthcare and treatment for older generations. Two independent researchers screened and assessed the studies, and the results were reported. Our findings showed that the main concern of policymakers and healthcare planners should be observance of principles such as autonomy, dignity, and fair and balanced distribution of medical resources while not prioritizing others over older adults due to their age. The elderly have specific needs, and considering their increasing prevalence and physical and emotional fragility, countries should be prepared to meet their rapidly growing needs.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical considerations and challenges associated with euthanasia in laboratory animal research. 在实验动物研究中与安乐死相关的伦理考虑和挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i11.18663

Raheleh Rafaiee, Hamid Kalalian Moghaddam, Fahimeh Mohseni

引用次数: 0

Professional ethical challenges and suggested strategies in nursing: a qualitative study. 护理专业道德挑战及建议策略：一项质性研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109

Arezoo Ghavi, Leila Valizadeh, Kelly Powers, Vahid Zamanzadeh

{"title":"Professional ethical challenges and suggested strategies in nursing: a qualitative study.","authors":"Arezoo Ghavi, Leila Valizadeh, Kelly Powers, Vahid Zamanzadeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109","url":null,"abstract":"Professional ethics are essential for supporting nurses in making ethical decisions and responding to current challenges. This study aimed to explore professional ethical challenges and the strategies nurses use to address them in Iran. An exploratory descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through two focus groups involving 16 nurses and semi-structured individual interviews with six nursing faculty members. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's method. Participants shared their experiences and perceptions of professional ethical challenges and proposed strategies to address them. Nine categories and 51 subcategories were identified, including: 1) Deficiencies in patient-centered care; 2) Communicating bad news to patients and families; 3) Decisions on withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments; 4) Lack of cultural consideration in nursing care; 5) Challenges of incorporating new technology; 6) Ethical concerns in managing and using large patient datasets; 7) Upholding ethical principles in disaster or crisis nursing; 8) Gaps in providing palliative care; and 9) Fear of causing moral distress. The findings underscore the ethical challenges faced by nurses in clinical practice and suggest strategies for addressing each challenge in Iran.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0