Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第2页

Introducing the ethical cycle model for resolving ethical conflicts in medical practice: addressing challenges in treating pandemic patients. 引入伦理循环模型以解决医疗实践中的伦理冲突：应对治疗流行病患者的挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667

Ensieh Madani, Ali Dizani, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Mansure Madani

{"title":"Introducing the ethical cycle model for resolving ethical conflicts in medical practice: addressing challenges in treating pandemic patients.","authors":"Ensieh Madani, Ali Dizani, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Mansure Madani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i15.18667","url":null,"abstract":"Ethical dilemmas are among the most important ethical problems in medicine. With the advent of COVID-19, the moral problems of physicians have taken on new dimensions as the specific features of this disease pose additional ethical challenges that require particular solutions. One common way to solve ethical dilemmas is to use ethical decision making models. One of the most recent models in ethics of technology is the \"ethical cycle\" developed by Ibo van de Poel. By describing and comparing several models, this paper examines the application of the ethical cycle to physicians' ethical problems and medical ethics. This model can help solve complex problems in consultations and ethics committee meetings because it is comprehensive and covers various aspects of the discussion. In this model, first the ethical problem is formulated and analyzed and then the potential options for action are proposed. Subsequently, by referring to ethical theories and professional codes of conduct in the medical field, as well as applying the method of \"reflective equilibrium,\" an ethical decision is reached. This decision is specific to each case and may not necessarily be the best solution for other individuals or situations.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tools for assessing professional identity in health professions education: a scoping review. 评估卫生专业教育中职业认同的工具：范围审查

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665

Zahra Sadat Tabatabaei, Homayoun Amini, Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad

{"title":"Tools for assessing professional identity in health professions education: a scoping review.","authors":"Zahra Sadat Tabatabaei, Homayoun Amini, Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i13.18665","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complexity and multidimensional nature of professional identity assessment in health professions education, it is essential to establish appropriate criteria. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to explore the current knowledge in this process and map the directions for future research. The present review was based on the five-step framework of Arksey and O'Malley. Eligible articles were examined using descriptive analysis of studies on the characteristics and psychometrics of the tools for professional identity assessment and their underlying theories. After an extensive search, 9,924 studies were identified, 162 of which were selected for full-text review, and finally, 17 articles qualified for inclusion in the study. For the most part, the target group consisted of studies on nursing and medical students. In 14 of the included studies, tools and psychometric properties were mentioned. Most professional identity assessment tools were designed or developed based on identity theories, particularly the social identity theory and Kagan's constructive-developmental theory, which were used more often than others. This scoping review will help researchers to choose or develop reliable and valid tools under clear conceptual and theoretical frameworks to assess the formation and development of professional identity in health professions education.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical analysis of a case of treatment refusal: respect for patients' autonomy in the context of the Iranian clinical environment. 一例拒绝治疗的伦理分析：在伊朗临床环境中尊重病人的自主权。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i14.18666

Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Shiva Khaleghparast, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki

引用次数: 0

Ethics and healthcare in the older adult population. 老年人口的伦理和保健。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664

Aryan Ayati, Moloud Payab, Zhaleh Shadman, Amirahmad Shojaei, Mojgan Asadi, Farshad Sharifi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani

{"title":"Ethics and healthcare in the older adult population.","authors":"Aryan Ayati, Moloud Payab, Zhaleh Shadman, Amirahmad Shojaei, Mojgan Asadi, Farshad Sharifi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i12.18664","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is a natural process involving the loss of several abilities, including cardiovascular, neurologic, musculoskeletal, and social capabilities. In addition to the usual needs, older adults face specific physical and mental challenges. Considering the increase in life expectancy and the large percentage of older adults in most populations, societies should be prepared for the ethical challenges associated with high-demand older generations. A search was conducted across the three main databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Next, 57 qualitative studies were selected to evaluate the ethical concerns and solutions in providing healthcare and treatment for older generations. Two independent researchers screened and assessed the studies, and the results were reported. Our findings showed that the main concern of policymakers and healthcare planners should be observance of principles such as autonomy, dignity, and fair and balanced distribution of medical resources while not prioritizing others over older adults due to their age. The elderly have specific needs, and considering their increasing prevalence and physical and emotional fragility, countries should be prepared to meet their rapidly growing needs.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical considerations and challenges associated with euthanasia in laboratory animal research. 在实验动物研究中与安乐死相关的伦理考虑和挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i11.18663

Raheleh Rafaiee, Hamid Kalalian Moghaddam, Fahimeh Mohseni

引用次数: 0

Professional ethical challenges and suggested strategies in nursing: a qualitative study. 护理专业道德挑战及建议策略：一项质性研究。

IF 0.9

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109

Arezoo Ghavi, Leila Valizadeh, Kelly Powers, Vahid Zamanzadeh

{"title":"Professional ethical challenges and suggested strategies in nursing: a qualitative study.","authors":"Arezoo Ghavi, Leila Valizadeh, Kelly Powers, Vahid Zamanzadeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i10.17109","url":null,"abstract":"Professional ethics are essential for supporting nurses in making ethical decisions and responding to current challenges. This study aimed to explore professional ethical challenges and the strategies nurses use to address them in Iran. An exploratory descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through two focus groups involving 16 nurses and semi-structured individual interviews with six nursing faculty members. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's method. Participants shared their experiences and perceptions of professional ethical challenges and proposed strategies to address them. Nine categories and 51 subcategories were identified, including: 1) Deficiencies in patient-centered care; 2) Communicating bad news to patients and families; 3) Decisions on withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments; 4) Lack of cultural consideration in nursing care; 5) Challenges of incorporating new technology; 6) Ethical concerns in managing and using large patient datasets; 7) Upholding ethical principles in disaster or crisis nursing; 8) Gaps in providing palliative care; and 9) Fear of causing moral distress. The findings underscore the ethical challenges faced by nurses in clinical practice and suggest strategies for addressing each challenge in Iran.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Existence and manifestations of human dignity: can a person be deprived of dignity? 人的尊严的存在和表现：一个人可以被剥夺尊严吗？

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i8.17107

Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Hanieh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Seyed Abolhasan Navvab, Bagher Talebi Darabi

{"title":"Existence and manifestations of human dignity: can a person be deprived of dignity?","authors":"Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Hanieh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Seyed Abolhasan Navvab, Bagher Talebi Darabi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i8.17107","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i8.17107","url":null,"abstract":"The criteria for assigning human dignity have been a subject of debate among researchers for years. Regardless of what criteria are chosen for human dignity, each school of thought must provide a method to identify them in people. The authors of this article consider voluntarily in choosing goodness and virtues to be the criterion. The purpose of this article is to present a method for establishing the existence of this criterion in humans and to examine the various manifestations of acting freely on what is good and virtuous by citing philosophical Islamic sources, especially the Qur'an. In this article, we will first discuss the differences among people regarding the existence of dignity and its manifestations, and move on to investigate the special conditions that can be challenging for allocation of dignity across different schools of thought. Finally, we will examine various Islamic sources to evaluate the methods of identifying human dignity in people. Our investigations show that since concepts such as \"right\" and \"good\" are of a subjective nature, there is more than one manifestation for presence of criterion of human dignity, and in practice, no one can be deprived of their dignity.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of medical ethics education using the CIPP model: a study on the perspectives of medical students. 基于CIPP模型的医学伦理教育评价：基于医学生视角的研究

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i9.17108

Amirhossein Alirezaie, Habibeh Ahmadipour, Mina Mobasher

{"title":"Evaluation of medical ethics education using the CIPP model: a study on the perspectives of medical students.","authors":"Amirhossein Alirezaie, Habibeh Ahmadipour, Mina Mobasher","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i9.17108","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i9.17108","url":null,"abstract":"Many medical schools are adopting varied teaching strategies to enhance students' understanding of the humanitarian aspects of their specialties. This study evaluated medical ethics education at Kerman University of Medical Sciences (Iran) from the students' perspectives using the CIPP model A cross-sectional study involving 136 clerkship medical students used convenience sampling and a validated, researcher-made questionnaire based on the CIPP model. The questionnaire, divided into context, input, process, and product sections, assessed the achievement of the program's goals, requirements, implementation, and outcomes of the medical ethics training program. The results revealed that the product domain scored the highest (79.17±21.82), while the input domain scored the lowest (54.30±29.00). The medical ethics program successfully communicated ethical concepts and enhanced students' understanding, excelling in the product domain. However, it requires improvements in the context, input, and process areas, such as aligning materials with cultural norms, and boosting students. It is hypothesized that the medical ethics program at Kerman University of Medical Sciences is robust and aligns well with the CIPP model standards. While the program excels in educational outcomes, there is room for improvement in the context, input, and process dimensions. This study offers pivotal insights for advancing and refining future medical ethics programs.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The challenges of research in the field of human dignity. 人类尊严领域研究的挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i4.17103

Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhshe

{"title":"The challenges of research in the field of human dignity.","authors":"Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhshe","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i4.17103","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i4.17103","url":null,"abstract":"Research on human dignity is crucial for understanding the ethical foundations of human rights. Neglecting to address certain pitfalls in this area of research can lead to adverse effects, including the perpetuation of discrimination, the misrepresentation of dignity across different schools of thought, and the weakening of ethical standards in human rights discourse. The present study aims to identify such challenges by analytically examining outstanding research in this field. Our surveys have identified challenges and pitfalls that were categorized into two groups: challenges in the field of materials, and challenges in the field of methods. In terms of materials, researchers may fail to adequately consider the historical and cultural contexts that shape these views, while in terms of methods, they may overlook the diverse perspectives that contribute to a comprehensive understanding of dignity. Consequently, it is imperative for researchers to remain vigilant and avoid these pitfalls to ensure that their work upholds the true essence of human dignity and effectively advocates for the rights of all individuals, especially those from marginalized backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human dignity: a contract or an abstract? 人类尊严：契约还是抽象？

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v17i6.17105

Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhsh

{"title":"Human dignity: a contract or an abstract?","authors":"Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhsh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i6.17105","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v17i6.17105","url":null,"abstract":"Although human dignity has been the focus of many researchers, fundamental debates about its existence have often been ignored. Different views on human dignity and its existence can lead to divergent interpretations of human rights. In this study, we attempted to find an answer to the question of the nature of human dignity by examining and collecting the opinions of experts and analyzing and criticizing them. Our analysis showed that since dignity is linked to human existence and understanding, it has a subjective nature. Subjective existences have different types, including contractual and abstract. Contractual existence finds its way to objective entities through human thought, and it is changeable. An abstract existence, on the other hand, is created by perception of an objective entity in a constant way among human beings. Human dignity is consistent with the contractual type, because simply seeing a human does not bring to mind the existence of dignity and human rights. Once we accept the contractual nature of dignity, we must determine who bestowed this dignity on man. Through investigations, we came to the conclusion that God is the only one that can grant such privilege, and the existence of dignity for humans is a proof of God's existence.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0