Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第2页

Evaluation of medical sciences students' awareness of the patients' rights charter: a cross-sectional study. 评估医学科学专业学生对患者权利宪章的认识：一项横断面研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i17.14616

Mahsa Khedmatizare, Maedeh Moosavipour, Nastaran Saeedi, Maryam Aghabarary

{"title":"Evaluation of medical sciences students' awareness of the patients' rights charter: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mahsa Khedmatizare, Maedeh Moosavipour, Nastaran Saeedi, Maryam Aghabarary","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i17.14616","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i17.14616","url":null,"abstract":"Compliance with patients' rights by medical sciences students requires an understanding of the patients' rights charter. This study aimed to assess the awareness of medical sciences students regarding the patients' rights charter. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving all final-year medical sciences students at Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran (n=370). Samples were selected using convenience sampling, and data were collected through a questionnaire designed to evaluate awareness of the patients' rights charter. The study included 269 students. The results indicated that over half of the students possessed a moderate level of awareness about the patients' rights charter. Analysis of specific domains revealed that the right to access services had the highest percentage, while the right to personal autonomy had the lowest percentage of awareness. Furthermore, analysis of variance revealed that medical students exhibited the highest level of awareness. Given the moderate level of awareness among medical sciences students regarding the patients' rights charter, it is essential to design and implement plans to enhance their understanding of patients' rights.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the perception of conscience questionnaire in Iranian nurses. 对波斯语版伊朗护士良心感知问卷的心理计量学评估。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i16.14615

Seyed Alireza Hasani, Roghieh Nazari, Hooman Shahsavari, Tayeb Ramim, Kurosh Jodaki

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the perception of conscience questionnaire in Iranian nurses.","authors":"Seyed Alireza Hasani, Roghieh Nazari, Hooman Shahsavari, Tayeb Ramim, Kurosh Jodaki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i16.14615","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i16.14615","url":null,"abstract":"Conscience is defined as the cornerstone of ethics and is considered a valuable asset. There is, however, little evidence about how Iranian nurses perceive conscience. The purpose of this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Persian version of the Perception of Conscience Questionnaire (PCQ) in Iranian nurses. In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, a psychometric evaluation of the PCQ was conducted on Iranian nurses in 2022. A total of 300 nurses participated in this study to validate the PCQ. At first, the initial translation and determination of face validity was done, and content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio. Reliability was determined by intra-class correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The construct validity of the PCQ was determined by exploratory factor analysis, which led to the extraction of five factors of warning signal, valuable asset, spiritual power, burden and conscience outcomes from the initial 14 factors of the questionnaire. Reliability of the whole questionnaire was calculated to be 0.80 using Cronbach's alpha. While an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.58 indicated average stability, the five-factor construct of the PCQ showed good validity and reliability. Therefore, our findings proved that this tool is suitable for assessing Iranian nurses' perception of conscience.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral distress and moral courage among Iraqi nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. 伊拉克护士在 COVID-19 大流行期间的道德困扰和道德勇气：一项横断面研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i19.14618

Layth Hussein Hashim Hthelee, Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Sima Mohammadkhan Kermanshahi

{"title":"Moral distress and moral courage among Iraqi nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Layth Hussein Hashim Hthelee, Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Sima Mohammadkhan Kermanshahi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i19.14618","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i19.14618","url":null,"abstract":"In the years following its outbreak in 2019, COVID-19 changed the health-care system structures, the context of professional activity, and nurses' moral performance. The present study aimed to examine the moral distress and moral courage of Iraqi nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in 2021 on 168 nurses selected by convenience sampling methods. Data were collected by self-reported instruments including a demographic questionnaire, the Professional Moral Courage (PMC), and the Moral Distress Scale (MDS). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Spearman, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and SPSS version 22. Most nurses showed a moderate level of moral distress (98.80%) and a high level of moral courage (99.40%). The dimension of multiple values had the highest mean (12.45 ± 1.47) and endurance of threats had the lowest mean (9.15 ± 1.79). There was a statistically significant correlation between moral distress and moral courage (P = 0.007, r = - 0.2), and moral distress and the dimensions of endurance of threat (P < 0.001, r = - 0.26), going beyond compliance (P < 0.001, r = - 0.037), and moral goals (P < 0.001, r = - 0.173). A statistically significant relationship was also found between moral distress and work shift, position and gender (P < 0.05), and between moral courage and position (P < 0.05). We concluded that nurses need more organizational support in terms of protective facilities, job security and organizational incentives to be able to show ethical behaviors.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical issues experienced by otolaryngologists: a conventional content analysis. 耳鼻喉科医生遇到的伦理问题：传统内容分析。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i18.14617

Soolmaz Moosavi, Zahra Zandpoor, Masood Motasadi Zarandi, AmirAhmad Shojaei, Alireza Parsapoor

{"title":"Ethical issues experienced by otolaryngologists: a conventional content analysis.","authors":"Soolmaz Moosavi, Zahra Zandpoor, Masood Motasadi Zarandi, AmirAhmad Shojaei, Alireza Parsapoor","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i18.14617","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i18.14617","url":null,"abstract":"To deliver effective medical services and establish trust and psychological security in patients, care providers must prioritize ethical principles. Developing a comprehensive clinical education program for learners, along with specific ethical guidelines, and implementing managerial and executive interventions necessitates a thorough understanding of the ethical challenges within this field. This qualitative study aimed to elucidate the ethical issues faced by otolaryngologists. Sixteen otolaryngologists participated in the study, selected through purposive sampling. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, and the analysis, conducted through conventional content analysis, revealed eight main categories and 38 subcategories encapsulating the identified ethical issues. The primary categories encompassed ethical issues faced by otolaryngologists concerning patients and companions, education, communication with the treatment team, physicians' rights, medical tourism, medical advertising, cultural considerations, and managerial challenges. resources and treatment approaches in alignment with Iranian cultural norms, address conflicts between treatment and education, and implement sound management plans to uphold rights of the treatment team. Additionally, the study suggests the necessity of ethical advertising programs and the strategic promotion of therapeutic tourism.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the criteria of human dignity. 审查人类尊严的标准。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i14.14613

Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhshe

{"title":"Examining the criteria of human dignity.","authors":"Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Hanieh Tavasoli, Nafiseh Tavasoli, Soheil Abedi, Ahmad Fayaz Bakhshe","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i14.14613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i14.14613","url":null,"abstract":"One of the critical aspects in discussing human dignity is the establishment of its criterion, a standard unique to humans. This criterion should effectively create a fundamental and structural distinction from other creatures. Initially, our focus was on the endeavors of biologists to differentiate the human species from others, emphasizing the physical aspects. However, physical and genetic differences lack the necessary characteristics to serve as a criterion for dignity. Subsequently, we explored the notion of this criterion in human behavior. Yet, given that behavior stems from human thought, it proves unsuitable as a criterion for dignity. Thus, our quest led us to explore human wisdom. However, since wisdom, like other abilities, serves as a tool for improved living and is present to some extent in other animals, it proves inadequate as a criterion. We have determined that the distinguishing characteristic lies in the power of choice or free will, setting humans apart from other living beings whose behavior is solely instinctual or driven by needs. Consequently, free choice forms the foundation of dignity, assigning value to the chooser based on the choices made.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Access to health care for Afghan immigrants and refugees: an ethico-legal analysis based on the Iranian health law system 阿富汗移民和难民获得医疗保健：基于伊朗卫生法体系的伦理-法律分析

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i12.14307

Farzad Zakian Khorramabadi, Vahid Moazzen, A. Parsapour, Amirhossein Takian, Abbas Mirshekari, Bagher Larijani, E. S. Gooshki

{"title":"Access to health care for Afghan immigrants and refugees: an ethico-legal analysis based on the Iranian health law system","authors":"Farzad Zakian Khorramabadi, Vahid Moazzen, A. Parsapour, Amirhossein Takian, Abbas Mirshekari, Bagher Larijani, E. S. Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i12.14307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i12.14307","url":null,"abstract":"The right to health is an internationally recognized and established human right with a long history of appreciation, indicating that governments should guarantee the highest possible level of access to health and provide health-care serivces with no discrimination based on nationality, race, gender, language or religion. The present study explored this topic using an analytic-descriptive approach. We reviewed related laws, policies and other available documents with the aim to investigate the ethico-legal aspects of Afghan refugees' and immigrants' access to health care and the challenges in in this regard within the Iranian health law system. \u0000 According to the results of this study, the Iranian health law could be interpreted to include all Afghan immigrants in the country’s public health system as a legal commitment. In addition, while basic and primary health coverage is available for all Afghan immigrants in Iran, provision of other medical and rehabilitative health services to documented and undocumented immigrants follow different methods. \u0000In order to alleviate the current situation, we recommend strategies such as supporting policy changes intended to register undocumented immigrants, which naturally results in an increase in their access to health care.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138589028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Decolonial health literature can increase our thinking about ethics dumping 非殖民地健康文学可以增加我们对伦理倾倒的思考

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i10.14305

Cornelius Ewuoso

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The mediating role of moral reasoning in spiritual intelligence and caring behaviors in Iranian emergency nurses 道德推理在伊朗急诊护士精神智能和护理行为中的中介作用

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i11.14306

Raheleh Amiri, Mina Gaeeni, H. A. Tehran

{"title":"The mediating role of moral reasoning in spiritual intelligence and caring behaviors in Iranian emergency nurses","authors":"Raheleh Amiri, Mina Gaeeni, H. A. Tehran","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i11.14306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i11.14306","url":null,"abstract":"Moral reasoning is necessary to the nursing profession. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of moral reasoning in spiritual intelligence and caring behaviors among Iranian emergency nurses. \u0000In this descriptive-analytical study structural equation modeling (SEM) is employed for the data analysis. the minimum required sample size determined by the number of parameters of the model was 18. Considering that 5 to 15 samples were required for each of the parameters; the required sample size was 272. Nurses working in the emergency department of all hospitals in Qom, Iran, were selected by convenience sampling. Demographic characteristics inventory, King’s Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory, Crisham’s Nursing Dilemma Test, and Wolf’s Caring Behaviors Inventory used for data collection. SPSS (V20) and Mplus were used to analyze the data. \u0000The results showed that a significant direct relationship was observed between moral reasoning and caring behaviors. According to SEM results, direct and indirect effects were observed of spiritual intelligence on caring behavior It is therefore recommended managers and hospital officials pay meticulous attention to spiritual intelligence and the power of decision-making in nurses to improve their caring behaviors. ","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"18 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138589458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ill-fated triad: Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill - Post-Yalta strokes and the impact on world leaders 命运多舛的三巨头：罗斯福、斯大林和丘吉尔--雅尔塔会议后的动荡及其对世界领导人的影响

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i9.14304

Eti Muharremi, Gentian Vyshka

{"title":"The ill-fated triad: Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill - Post-Yalta strokes and the impact on world leaders","authors":"Eti Muharremi, Gentian Vyshka","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v16i9.14304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v16i9.14304","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The Yalta Conference of 1945 brought together three of the most influential leaders of the 20th century: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill. Surprisingly, all three leaders would go on to suffer strokes after the conference. This manuscript examines the health status of these leaders during and after the Yalta Conference, the factors that contributed to their strokes (including the role of hypertension), and other modifiable risk factors present in each one of them, and the impact of their declining health on their countries and the world. \u0000Roosevelt's demise, prior to the conclusion of the war, triggered a leadership transition during a critical moment in history, while Churchill and Stalin's passing shaped the early Cold War era. A veil of secrecy shrouded the health conditions of these pivotal leaders. “The Big Three” made considerable efforts to hide their health conditions from both the press and the public at large. Understanding the health of political leaders is crucial as it can affect their decision-making abilities and the course of history. The fates of Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill serve as important reminders of the potential consequences of poor health in the highest echelons of political power. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"254 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Respecting patients’ rights in hospitals: patients’ and health-care workers’ perspectives 医院尊重患者权利：患者和医护人员的观点

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v16i13.14308

Soolmaz Moosavi, Maryam Sadaat Mousavi, Ayat Ahmadi, Amirhossein Mardani, A. Parsapoor, E. S. Gooshki

引用次数: 0