Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第10页

Nurses' perspectives regarding the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in healthcare organizations. 护士对医疗机构职业道德与组织承诺关系的看法。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-11-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i17.4658

Mahya Torkaman, Naval Heydari, Camellia Torabizadeh

{"title":"Nurses' perspectives regarding the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in healthcare organizations.","authors":"Mahya Torkaman, Naval Heydari, Camellia Torabizadeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i17.4658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i17.4658","url":null,"abstract":"Nurses' professional and ethical performances are influenced by the health organizations' environment, and high quality and holistic care can only be provided by observing the principles of professional ethics and organizational commitment. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in nurses. This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) in 2019 in Iran. The study participants included 210 public ward nurses selected using the stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using Petty Professional Ethics and Allen-Meyer Organizational Commitment questionnaires, and then analyzed by SPSS V.25. Both the mean score of the nurses' professional ethics (102.21 ± 10.89) and the mean score of the nurses' organizational commitment (95.30 ± 16.54) were at high levels. Moreover, a direct and significant relationship was found between professional ethics and organizational commitment (P= 0.009, r = 0.179). In other words, a positive correlation was found between professional ethics and organizational commitment. Considering the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment in nurses, managers should enhance nurses' level of adherence to ethical principles, organizational commitment and organizational attachment. Additionally, training courses can help improve nurses' professional capabilities, and hence enhancing the quality of providing healthcare services.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/f6/JMEHM-13-17.PMC7816541.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25325627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

White lies in pediatric care: a qualitative study from nurses' perspective. 儿科护理中的白色谎言:一项护士视角的定性研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-10-18 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i16.4414

Mahboobeh Shali, Soodabeh Joolaee, Elham Navab, Maryam Esmaeili, Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi

{"title":"White lies in pediatric care: a qualitative study from nurses' perspective.","authors":"Mahboobeh Shali, Soodabeh Joolaee, Elham Navab, Maryam Esmaeili, Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i16.4414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i16.4414","url":null,"abstract":"Communication and sharing information with ill children are challenging. To protect a child from the bitter reality, sometimes use of well-intended untruths, or white lies is necessary. This research aimed at studying the experiences of nurses about the use of white lies in in pediatric clinical setting. In this qualitative, content-analysis study, 24 on-duty pediatric nurses were interviewed in 2019. Data were collected through purposeful sampling using semi-structured interviews, and the collected data were analyzed according to Granheim and Landman's method using MAXQDA-10 software. Eighteen female and six male nurses with the mean age of 42 ± 3/7 years and mean work experience of 16 ± 4/1 years were selected to participate in this study. Data analysis showed that use of white lies depends on both situation and several other factors classified into five general categories: nature of data, childhood characteristics, family norms, treatment team's capabilities and organization policies. Treatment team members need to improve their communication skills to convey therapeutic information to the ill child's family appropriately. To do so, special guidelines should be prepared for healthcare staff in pediatric clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/23/JMEHM-13-16.PMC7816540.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25325626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Clinical commitment and competence: a qualitative study. 临床承诺与胜任力:一项质性研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-28 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i14.4390

Somaye Zamanian Jahromi, Narges Shafaroodi, Laleh Lajevardi

{"title":"Clinical commitment and competence: a qualitative study.","authors":"Somaye Zamanian Jahromi, Narges Shafaroodi, Laleh Lajevardi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i14.4390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i14.4390","url":null,"abstract":"Commitment, a component of clinical competence, includes accountability and responsibility for professional roles and tasks; and, it has a positive correlation with job satisfaction and performance. This study aimed to elaborate on the concept of commitment in the field of occupational therapy using qualitative content analysis. The data was collected through interviewing 13 occupational therapists both in a focus group interview (including four participants) and in one-to-one interviews (nine other participants). The collected data was analyzed based on the Grenheim method, and commitment concept was defined under three main themes: (i) commitment to patient (five subthemes), (ii) commitment to self (three subthemes), and (iii) commitment to profession (three subthemes). This study's findings indicated that to acquire clinical competence, therapists should be committed to their patients, to themselves, and to their profession. Future research is needed to further examine how and to what extent these commitment themes affect clinical competence as well as the interaction among them.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/e6/JMEHM-13-14.PMC7816542.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25325623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rate and causes of discharge against medical advice from a university hospital emergency department in Iran: an ethical perspective. 伊朗一所大学医院急诊科不遵医嘱出院的比率和原因:伦理观点。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-28 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i15.4391

Sanaz Rouhbakhsh Halvaei, Hojat Sheikh Motahar Vahedi, Ayat Ahmadi, Maryam Sadat Mousavi, Alireza Parsapoor, Ali Reza Sima, Amir Ahmad Shojaei, Ehsan Shamsi-Gooshki

{"title":"Rate and causes of discharge against medical advice from a university hospital emergency department in Iran: an ethical perspective.","authors":"Sanaz Rouhbakhsh Halvaei, Hojat Sheikh Motahar Vahedi, Ayat Ahmadi, Maryam Sadat Mousavi, Alireza Parsapoor, Ali Reza Sima, Amir Ahmad Shojaei, Ehsan Shamsi-Gooshki","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i15.4391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i15.4391","url":null,"abstract":"Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) is a common problem in the health-care system. It imposes risks to both patients and medical staff and could be the subject of ethical deliberation. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 on 400 patients who were discharged against medical advice from the emergency ward of Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients' information was collected using clinical records and telephone calls. The collected data were analyzed using STATA software. DAMA rate was 12% in the emergency department of Shariati Hospital. Male gender was found to be a risk factor for DAMA (OR: 1.90; CI (95%): 1.44 - 2.52; P < 0.0001). In addition, younger patients were more likely to leave hospital against medical advice (p-value: 0.04). The more common reasons for DAMA were feeling better, long delay in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and the hectic ambience of the emergency ward. Patients' self-discharge is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that is affected by patients' characteristics, medical conditions and hospital circumstances. It raises some ethical concerns, mainly due to a conflict between patients' autonomy and beneficence. It is helpful for the medical staff to create an effective relationship with patients who are at higher risk of DAMA, in order to increase their compliance and prevent the consequences of leaving hospital against medical advice.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c7/19/JMEHM-13-15.PMC7816543.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25325625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Investigation of moral intelligence's predictive components in students of Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences (SBMU). 沙希德·贝赫什蒂医科大学学生道德智力预测成分的调查。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-20 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i13.4389

Maryam Mohammadi, Shabnam Mohammadi, Ali Mehri, Fatemeh Bagheri Mazraeh

{"title":"Investigation of moral intelligence's predictive components in students of Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences (SBMU).","authors":"Maryam Mohammadi, Shabnam Mohammadi, Ali Mehri, Fatemeh Bagheri Mazraeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i13.4389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i13.4389","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate dominant predictor components of moral intelligence (MI) based on the Lennick and Kiel's model in students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). In this descriptive-analytical study, 322 students of SBMU were chosen through cluster sampling. To collect data, a 40-item questionnaire, whose validity and reliability was confirmed in previous studies, based on the Lennick and Kiel's model was used. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using appropriate descriptive and analytical statistics. Of 322 participants, 180 and 142 were female and male, respectively. The mean age of the participants was 22.30±2.69 years. The study's regression analysis revealed that the most and the least direct effects were related to the forgiveness (R2=0.320) and compassion (R2=0.284) components, respectively. Among the inspected components, the responsibility component with an overall effect of R2=0.655 was shown to be the strongest predictor component of MI. Universities play a significant role in students' moral development and enhancement. The present study's findings suggest that developing strategic plans and interventions can enhance MI level (e.g., incentive systems for individuals maintaining high moral responsibility). Since today's students will be tomorrow's medical and healthcare professionals, upgrading of MI level in students studying in various divisions of medical sciences enhances their moral responsibility through setting out strong ethics principles to follow and the quality of care that they will provide to patients, thereby improving health.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38614404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Human resources and patient rights during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. 伊朗COVID-19大流行期间的人力资源和患者权利。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-16 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i10.4384

Seyedhassan Adeli, Morteza Heidari, Akram Heidari

{"title":"Human resources and patient rights during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.","authors":"Seyedhassan Adeli, Morteza Heidari, Akram Heidari","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i10.4384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i10.4384","url":null,"abstract":"On February 19, 2020, first cases of COVID-19 positive were reported in Iran. When COVID-19 declared pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020, Iran was among the most affected countries (1). Iran was ranked 11th among pandemic-affected countries with more than 328,844 laboratory-confirmed cases as of August 11, 2020 (2). The rapid spread of the pandemic disease and not knowing about COVID19-affected areas necessitated making immediate decisions and adopting appropriate control measures. The burden of the pandemic, added to that of the common diseases, imposed additional pressures on hospitals and healthcare centers, with various consequences such as patient’s rights disregard. COVID19 patients as well as other inpatients during the pandemic deserved their legitimate rights of being treated with the highest possible care and attention. In patient's rights charter (3), various aspects of patient's rights include providing appropriate healthcare service, necessary information, freedom of choice in therapeutic services, and ethical considerations (e.g., privacy and confidentiality). Fulfilling these rights was challenged by shortcomings in hospital capacity, equipment, financial resources, and even necessary knowledge regarding effective treatment. Inadequacy and lack of human resources (4) was a major challenge because healthcare staff count could not be increased to comply with the continuously increasing patient count (4). *Corresponding Author","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38614401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Thoughts about "other" patients' rights during COVID-19 pandemic. 关于COVID-19大流行期间“其他”患者权利的思考。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-16 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i11.4386

Dimosthenis Chrysikos, Constantinos G Zografos, George C Zografos

引用次数: 2

Turning unprofessional behaviors around using Holmes' reflection approach: a randomized controlled study. 利用霍姆斯的反思方法扭转非专业行为：随机对照研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-09-16 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i12.4388

Leila Naeimi, Fariba Asghari, Saharnaz Nedjat, Azim Mirzazadeh, Mahsa Abbaszadeh, Ali Reza Sima, Sara Mortaz Hejri

{"title":"Turning unprofessional behaviors around using Holmes' reflection approach: a randomized controlled study.","authors":"Leila Naeimi, Fariba Asghari, Saharnaz Nedjat, Azim Mirzazadeh, Mahsa Abbaszadeh, Ali Reza Sima, Sara Mortaz Hejri","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i12.4388","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i12.4388","url":null,"abstract":"Many medical schools around the world have included professionalism training in their formal curriculum. However, these efforts may not be adequate; given the exposure of students to unprofessional behaviors in the clinical settings. In the present study, we aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a longitudinal program to improve professionalism among medical students upon their transition to clinical settings. A total of 75 medical students were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to two groups. The control group did not receive any training, while for the intervention group; a 10-hour program through 16 weeks was organized based on the Holmes' reflection approach. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated by measuring three outcomes in both groups. Data analysis was performed using paired t-test and Multiple Linear Regression. Scores of judgment of professionalism increased in the intervention group (from 7.56 to 10.17; P< 0.001), while there was no significant improvement in the control group's scores. Students' attitudes towards professionalism and their professional behaviors did not change significantly. Based on our findings, the Holmes reflection approach helps students improve their cognitive base of professionalism. Long-term follow-up and further qualitative studies will help us better understand the effects of this approach on other desirable outcomes.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38614403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ebola, quarantine, and the need for a new ethical framework. 埃博拉，隔离，以及对新道德框架的需求。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-08-26 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i9.4078

Corey Benjamin Moore

引用次数: 2

A brief historical overview of the anatomy of fascia in medieval Persian medicine. 中世纪波斯医学中筋膜解剖的简要历史概述。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-08-25 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i7.4073

Mohsen Bahrami, Saeed Shokri, Reza Mastery Farahani, Majid Dadmehr

引用次数: 2