Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第9页

The significance of shared humanity during the COVID-19 pandemic. 在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，人类共享的重要性。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-23 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i29.5046

Arpi Manookian

引用次数: 0

Confidentiality challenges surrounding plasma therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case discussion in Iran. COVID-19大流行期间血浆治疗的保密挑战:伊朗的一个案例讨论

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-21 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i27.5044

Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Akram Hashemi, Mansureh Madani, Mina Forouzandeh

{"title":"Confidentiality challenges surrounding plasma therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case discussion in Iran.","authors":"Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Akram Hashemi, Mansureh Madani, Mina Forouzandeh","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i27.5044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i27.5044","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining confidentiality, both in national and international codes of ethics, is considered an important principle in healthcare and the medical profession for both patients and physicians. This case-report article focused on a real case. Based on the request of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO) for plasma donation from recovered COVID-19 patients, we asked the names and personal information of those patients from hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) and arranged for the subjects to be referred to the Medical Ethics Department of IUMS for consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various ethical and legal aspects of this case were discussed in a special meeting, and practical solutions were then provided considering the limits of confidentiality and conditions for ethical access to patients' information during a pandemic. Since plasma therapy is not a definitive cure for COVID-19 and considering the ethical and legal points presented in this article, it is not recommended to announce the names of patients in the early stages. Given the potential impacts of the procedure and the possibility of patients being cured, however, their consent should be obtained in different situations and, if necessary, providing information to patients or educating them should be considered.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/a2/JMEHM-13-27.PMC8141205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39033989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 pandemic and the ethical challenges in patient care. COVID-19大流行和患者护理中的伦理挑战。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i24.4955

Ali Sahebi, Siamak Moayedi, Mohamad Golitaleb

引用次数: 7

Nurses' perception of ethical challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19: a qualitative analysis. 护士对COVID-19患者护理中伦理挑战的认知:定性分析

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i23.4954

Nasrin Rezaee, Marjan Mardani-Hamooleh, Maryam Seraji

引用次数: 35

Virtual learning for teaching medical ethics during COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间医学伦理教学的虚拟学习

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i25.4956

Mina Mobasher

引用次数: 2

Medical students' value-rich exposures in clinical setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. 新冠肺炎大流行期间医学生临床环境中富有价值的暴露

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i26.4957

Hakimeh Sabeghi, Leila Afshar, Seyed Abbas Foroutan, Shahram Yazdani

引用次数: 3

Rhazes' pioneer viewpoints about psychiatry, neurology and neuroscience. Rhazes在精神病学、神经病学和神经科学方面的先锋观点。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-12 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i21.4863

Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei, Amirhossein Jafari-Mehdiabad

{"title":"Rhazes' pioneer viewpoints about psychiatry, neurology and neuroscience.","authors":"Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei, Amirhossein Jafari-Mehdiabad","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i21.4863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i21.4863","url":null,"abstract":"After the emergence of Islam and its advancement in the past three centuries in various countries and the Muslims' acquaintance with civilizations emanating from the empires of Iran, Greece, and India, a civilization emerged that affected different aspects of people's lives in Islamic lands and other countries. One of the components of this civilization was medical sciences that were collected and compiled by Muslims using the resources of other civilizations and their own experiences and resources. Rhazes (Muhammad ibn Zakaryya al-Razi), who lived in the ninth century AD (fourth century AH), compiled a comprehensive textbook of medicine (named in Arabic: Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb) in all specialized medical disciplines in accordance with the latest achievements of his era. This book has been published in the contemporary period as a 25-volume collection and contains knowledge and experiences from the medical resources of various civilizations and Rhazes' own knowledge and experiences. The first volume of this collection and some other volumes are devoted to the knowledge of neuroscience, psychiatry, and related diseases, illnesses, and disorders. In this review, we cite topics from \"Al-Hawi\" and other Rhazes' manuscripts related to the definition and description of diseases and disorders associated with the nervous system as well as psychiatry and neurology and compare them with modern medical sciences in a comparative manner. This is intended to make their importance and validity clear in terms of usability as part of medical history as well as for some medical research that requires historical and contextual information.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c0/df/JMEHM-13-21.PMC7838884.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25341807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a systematic review of medical students' attitudes in the last 10 years. 安乐死与医生协助自杀:近10年来医学生态度的系统回顾。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-12 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i22.4864

Alejandro Gutierrez-Castillo, Javier Gutierrez-Castillo, Francisco Guadarrama-Conzuelo, Amado Jimenez-Ruiz, Jose Luis Ruiz-Sandoval

{"title":"Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a systematic review of medical students' attitudes in the last 10 years.","authors":"Alejandro Gutierrez-Castillo, Javier Gutierrez-Castillo, Francisco Guadarrama-Conzuelo, Amado Jimenez-Ruiz, Jose Luis Ruiz-Sandoval","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i22.4864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i22.4864","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at examining the approval rate of the medical students' regarding active euthanasia, passive euthanasia, and physician-assisted-suicide over the last ten years. To do so, the arguments and variables affecting students' choices were examined and a systematic review was conducted, using PubMed and Web of Science databases, including articles from January 2009 to December 2018. From 135 identified articles, 13 met the inclusion criteria. The highest acceptance rates for euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide were from European countries. The most common arguments supporting euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide were the followings: (i) patient's autonomy (n = 6), (ii) relief of suffering (n = 4), and (ii) the thought that terminally-ill patients are additional burden (n = 2). The most common arguments against euthanasia were as follows: (i) religious and personal beliefs (n = 4), (ii) the \"slippery slope\" argument and the risk of abuse (n = 4), and (iii) the physician's role in preserving life (n = 2). Religion (n = 7), religiosity (n = 5), and the attributes of the medical school of origin (n = 3) were the most significant variables to influence the students' attitude. However, age, previous academic experience, family income, and place of residence had no significant impact. Medical students' opinions on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide should be appropriately addressed and evaluated because their moral compass, under the influence of such opinions, will guide them in solving future ethical and therapeutic dilemmas in the medical field.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/09/JMEHM-13-22.PMC7839145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25341808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Neonatal end-of-life decisions and ethical perspectives. 新生儿临终决定和伦理观点。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-05 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i19.4827

Madjid Soltani Gerdfaramarzi, Shabnam Bazmi

{"title":"Neonatal end-of-life decisions and ethical perspectives.","authors":"Madjid Soltani Gerdfaramarzi, Shabnam Bazmi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i19.4827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i19.4827","url":null,"abstract":"End-of-life decisions are usually required when a neonate is at high risk of disability or death, and such decisions involve many legal and ethical challenges. This article reviewed the processes of ethical decision-making for severely ill or terminal neonates, considering controversial issues including the followings: (i) identifying primary decision makers, (ii) the role of law and guidelines, and (iii) changes in treatment controversy, law and regulations over twenty years in several European countries such as Switzerland, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Spain. This review study conducted on accessible articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus databases. Based on two studies in 2016 and 1996, neonatologists reported that withholding intensive care, withdrawing mechanical ventilation or life-saving drugs, and involvement of parents in decision-makings have become more acceptable as time passes, indicative of trend change. Trend of physicians on how end the life of neonates, at risk of death, varies in different countries, and cultural factors, parents' involvement in decisions and gestational age are factors considered in end-of-life decision-making. Future investigations continuously need to identify upcoming ethical aspects of proper decision-making.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/93/JMEHM-13-19.PMC7838882.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25341805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Barriers of students' adherence to dress code policy in clinical settings: dental students' viewpoint. 学生在临床环境中遵守着装规范政策的障碍:牙科学生的观点。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-12-05 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i20.4862

Nafiseh Momeni, Fariba Asghari

{"title":"Barriers of students' adherence to dress code policy in clinical settings: dental students' viewpoint.","authors":"Nafiseh Momeni, Fariba Asghari","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i20.4862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i20.4862","url":null,"abstract":"Medical universities have called for a professional dress code to preserve the dignity of the medical profession, creating a sense of respect, tranquility, and trust in healthcare recipients and improve patient safety. This study aims to explain the reasons behind poor adherence to the professional dress code by students of the dentistry school. A qualitative study was conducted to explain the viewpoints of dentistry students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Twenty-three in-depth interviews with dentistry students of different genders, study years, living in different accommodations, and having different tuition payment status were conducted. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. One hundred and twenty initial codes were extracted. They were categorized into common causes of non-adherence to the TUMS Dress Code and specific causes of not following a specific section of the dress code (hygiene, jewelry, and makeup sections). The codes of common causes were categorized into 4 main categories including defects in education, management shortcomings, changes in societal culture, and personal factors. All components of the educational system must be aligned with each other to overcome the barriers against the students' adherence to professional dress and put forward appropriate interventions at the policymaking, regulatory and educational levels.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/5e/JMEHM-13-20.PMC7838885.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25341806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3