Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine最新文献_第9页

Comparison of the importance and observance of the patient's bill of rights from the perspectives of patients and personnel of hospitals in Kerman. 从克尔曼医院患者和医务人员的角度比较患者权利法案的重要性和遵守情况。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-06-02 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i5.4070

Mahlagha Dehghan, Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori, Masoud Rayani, Mohammad Ali Zakeri, Mina Mobasher, Maryam Iranmanesh, Narges Rezai

{"title":"Comparison of the importance and observance of the patient's bill of rights from the perspectives of patients and personnel of hospitals in Kerman.","authors":"Mahlagha Dehghan, Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori, Masoud Rayani, Mohammad Ali Zakeri, Mina Mobasher, Maryam Iranmanesh, Narges Rezai","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i5.4070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i5.4070","url":null,"abstract":"Patients' rights are among the most important criteria for evaluating the quality of health services. The current study aimed to determine the importance and observance of the patient's bill of rights. This cross-sectional study was done in Kerman, Iran. The research samples were 217 patients and 204 personnel. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in the scope of the patient's bill of rights, and data were analyzed by SPSS 15. The results showed a significant difference between patients and the personnel on the subject of the patient's bill of rights and most of its dimensions (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference was found between their views on the observance of the patient's bill of rights and its dimensions. Also, 35.9% of patients as well as 25% of personnel considered the observance of patients' rights unfavorable. The participants were aware of the importance of the patient's bill of rights. It is necessary, however, to codify and approve the laws related to the rights of patients.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7575912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38635835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

What is hidden in hidden curriculum? a qualitative study in medicine. 隐藏课程中隐藏着什么?医学上的定性研究

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-05-10 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i4.2843

Shahram Yazdani, Mohammad Reza Andarvazh, Leila Afshar

{"title":"What is hidden in hidden curriculum? a qualitative study in medicine.","authors":"Shahram Yazdani, Mohammad Reza Andarvazh, Leila Afshar","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i4.2843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i4.2843","url":null,"abstract":"The hidden curriculum is considered to be between the designed and experienced curricula. One of the challenges that medical educators face is to understand what students learn in real clinical settings. The aim of the present study was to answer this question: What is hidden in hidden medical curriculum? This study was a qualitative content analysis. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was performed through unstructured interviews and continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection using MAXQDA10 software. Data validity was confirmed based on the proposed Lincoln and Guba criteria. The main theme that emerged in this study was implicit learning. Professional ethics, spiritual, social and cultural issues, and clinical skills are the five major themes that were presented in this study. These themes and their subthemes are transferred during an implicit learning experience in hidden curriculum. Since a wide range of issues are mostly transferred by hidden curriculum, it is essential to have a dynamic approach to educational environments. This is especially important in clinical settings, as the process of learning is constantly happening in the backyard.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38516256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Personal factors affecting medical professionalism: a qualitative study in Iran. 影响医疗专业精神的个人因素:伊朗的定性研究。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-05-05 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i3.2842

Fateme Alipour, Zahra Shahvari, Fariba Asghari, Shahram Samadi, Homayoun Amini

{"title":"Personal factors affecting medical professionalism: a qualitative study in Iran.","authors":"Fateme Alipour, Zahra Shahvari, Fariba Asghari, Shahram Samadi, Homayoun Amini","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i3.2842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i3.2842","url":null,"abstract":"Professional behavior with patients and interactions with colleagues, the institution and professional bodies are influenced by many factors. The purpose of this manuscript is to clarify those personal factors affecting medical professionalism in clinical settings affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. For this purpose, a qualitative study was carried out. One hundred and eighty-two participants were recruited through purposive sampling of clinical staff, physicians, and medical students in Tehran. Data were collected through 22 focus group discussions, and conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. The results were reported in five categories to present the participants' views. Categories were extracted from 103 codes and consisted of 1) people's belief in professionalism, 2) personality traits, 3) problems in family, 4) mental or physical health status, and 5) communication skills. The results showed that despite the facilitator roles of some personal factors, others act as barriers to professional behaviors. In order to control their impact, it is crucial to pay attention to them at the time of student/staff selection. Strengthening support systems in the organization is also essential for decreasing the effect of family problems or physical and mental health problems.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38516255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents in Iran: a qualitative study. 伊朗青少年性教育的伦理考虑和挑战:一项定性研究。

IF 1

Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-11 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i2.2664

Kobra Joodaki, Saharnaz Nedjat, Marziyeh Vahid Dastjerdi, Bagher Larijani

{"title":"Ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents in Iran: a qualitative study.","authors":"Kobra Joodaki, Saharnaz Nedjat, Marziyeh Vahid Dastjerdi, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i2.2664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i2.2664","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is a period in one's lifetime during which sexual maturation occurs. Major changes and increased sexual instinct raise many questions in the minds of adolescents. Receiving wrong education or inappropriate information can affect adolescents' life and future deeply. Obviously, ethical considerations cannot be ignored in nationwide macro policies and educational programs on such a sensitive issue. In this qualitative study, we attempted to explore the ethical considerations and challenges of sex education for adolescents. The study was conducted between May 2015 and March 2017. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 25 participants, and MAXQDA 11 was used for coding. Six hundred sixty-two codes (662) were extracted and classified into four categories: 1) the potential risks of sex education for adolescents; 2) the advantages of sex education for adolescents, and the approaches; 3) the challenges in the interval between sexual maturation and marriage, and the role of religion; and 4) the measures implemented in Iran. Shame, embarrassment, and some cultural beliefs surrounding the subject of sex education are obstacles to providing adolescents with the necessary information. According to the principles of medical ethics, the main principle in sex education is beneficence, and sometimes infringement of confidentiality has its advantages.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38516254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Professionalism among medical residents in a young second-level university in Iran: a cross-sectional study. 伊朗一所年轻的二级大学住院医师职业精神的横断面研究

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2020-02-23 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v13i1.2463

Elaheh Mianehsaz, Seyed Mohammad Reza Tabatabaee, Mohammad Reza Sharif, Hamid Reza Gilasi, Hamid Reza Shojaee Far, Behzad Nejad Tabrizi

{"title":"Professionalism among medical residents in a young second-level university in Iran: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Elaheh Mianehsaz, Seyed Mohammad Reza Tabatabaee, Mohammad Reza Sharif, Hamid Reza Gilasi, Hamid Reza Shojaee Far, Behzad Nejad Tabrizi","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v13i1.2463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v13i1.2463","url":null,"abstract":"Professionalism is a set of behaviors that build trust in physicians' relationships with patients and the public. The aim of this study was to assess professionalism among residents in Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 139 residents recruited through the census method. Data were collected using the American Board of Internal Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire was on residents' personal characteristics, and the second part contained fifteen items in the three domains of professionalism, namely excellence, honor/integrity, and altruism/respect. The mean scores of the questionnaire and its domains were calculated and their relationships with residents' personal characteristics were evaluated. The mean scores (± SD) of professionalism and its excellence, honor/integrity, and altruism/respect domains were 4.93 ± 2.4, 5.92 ± 1.85, 4.94 ± 3.39, and 4.35 ± 3.27, respectively (in a range of 0-10). Professionalism had significant relationships only with residents' specialty and gender. The level of professionalism in residents was low, which requires the attention of educational authorities. Moreover, the mean score of professionalism among residents in surgical specialties was significantly lower than non-surgical specialties. Various factors can be considered in this regard and it cannot be concluded that the lower score means worse professional behavior.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37874147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

From Prussia to Russia: Russian critics of "Aerztliche Ethik". 从普鲁士到俄罗斯:“Aerztliche Ethik”的俄国批评家。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2019-12-31 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v12i19.2201

Boleslav Lichterman

引用次数: 2

The ethics of positive thinking in healthcare. 医疗保健中的积极思考伦理。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2019-12-21 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v12i18.2148

Gabriel Andrade

引用次数: 0

Professional socialization: an analytical definition. 职业社会化:一个分析定义。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2019-12-07 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v12i17.2016

Homa Sadeghi Avval Shahr, Shahram Yazdani, Leila Afshar

{"title":"Professional socialization: an analytical definition.","authors":"Homa Sadeghi Avval Shahr, Shahram Yazdani, Leila Afshar","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v12i17.2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v12i17.2016","url":null,"abstract":"Professional socialization is defined as a process through which a person becomes a legitimate member of a professional society. This will have a great impact on an individual's professional conduct and morality. The aim of this study was to clarify this concept and reduce the ambiguities around it. This was a qualitative research through which the concept of professional socialization was analyzed using Walker and Avant's eight-step approach. The review of literature for this concept was done using electronic database without any time limitation. The overall search produced about 780 articles, and after reviewing these articles, 21 were selected purposefully. Based on concept analysis, we propose the following analytical definition: Professional socialization is a nonlinear, continuous, interactive, transformative, personal, psychosocial and self-reinforcing process that is formed through internalization of the specific culture of a professional community, and can be affected by individual, organizational and interactional factors. This definition is in accordance with the interactionism perspective. Existence of a particular profession and getting involved in a community of practice are the antecedents of this process, and formation of professional identity and professional development are its consequences. A case model, as well as borderline and related cases, has been introduced for this concept. The results of this study can be used to design useful educational interventions to conduct and facilitate the process.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

The need for a practitioners' social media code of conduct in Iran. 伊朗需要从业者的社交媒体行为准则。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2019-12-01 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v12i16.2015

Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi

引用次数: 0

Bioethics: a look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK. 生物伦理学:英国药物和化妆品的动物实验。

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Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Pub Date : 2019-11-12 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18502/jmehm.v12i15.1875

Stefane Kabene, Said Baadel

{"title":"Bioethics: a look at animal testing in medicine and cosmetics in the UK.","authors":"Stefane Kabene, Said Baadel","doi":"10.18502/jmehm.v12i15.1875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v12i15.1875","url":null,"abstract":"Using animals for cosmetics and medical tests has contributed towards a debate based on conflicting interests. Despite the efforts in justifying the value of animals in conducting analyses, this study seeks to elaborate whether or not it is rational to use animals as test subjects in medical and cosmetics fields. The value of animal life is at the core of the emotional conflicts that arise when animals become experimental subjects in medical and cosmetics fields. The aim of this study is to determine if there are ethical differences in the use of animal testing in medicine versus cosmetics. The research, through review and content analysis of the existing literature, compares and provides the outcomes of using animals in medical and cosmetics tests by examining studies conducted in the UK. The findings of this research indicated that animal testing is considered acceptable in the medical field only if there are no other alternatives, but is completely unacceptable in the cosmetics field. The study also provides recommendations in the form of alternatives that protect animals from cruelty and may benefit the different stakeholders and the society at large.","PeriodicalId":45276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22