Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"PCSK9 inhibitors tug of war: Compliance, adverse events and LDL-cholesterol target","authors":"Francesco Sbrana, Beatrice Dal Pino","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 2","pages":"Article 500771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis: Current and forthcoming impact.","authors":"José A. Páramo ,&nbsp;Ana Cenarro ,&nbsp;Fernando Civeira ,&nbsp;Carmen Roncal","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atherosclerosis is the main pathogenic substrate for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Initially categorized as a passive cholesterol storage disease, nowadays, it is considered an active process, identifying inflammation among the key players for its initiation and progression. Despite these advances, patients with CVDs are still at high risk of thrombotic events and death, urging to deepen into the molecular mechanisms underlying atherogenesis, and to identify novel diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for their stratification. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been postulated as an alternative in search of novel biomarkers in atherosclerotic diseases, as well as to investigate the crosstalk between the cells participating in the processes leading to arterial remodelling. EVs are nanosized lipidic particles released by most cell types in physiological and pathological conditions, that enclose lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids from parental cells reflecting their activation status. First considered cellular waste disposal systems, at present, EVs have been recognized as active effectors in a myriad of cellular processes, and as potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers also in CVDs. This review summarizes the role of EVs as potential biomarkers of CVDs, and their involvement into the processes leading to atherosclerosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 2","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riesgo poligénico y aterosclerosis subclínica en individuos asintomáticos de mediana edad. Estudio ILERVAS","authors":"Emilio Ortega ,&nbsp;Amanda Jiménez ,&nbsp;Sheila López-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Eva Castro-Boqué ,&nbsp;José Manuel Valdivielso ,&nbsp;Marcelino Bermúdez-López ,&nbsp;Gemma Chiva-Blanch","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>More than 50% of first cardiovascular events (CVE) occur in populations identified as at low or intermediate risk by the risk equations, so the inclusion of additional variables, such as polygenic risk scores (PRS), has been proposed to improve the predictive capacity of these equations. The aim of this study was to assess whether a PRS, independently or with clinical risk equations, is associated with the presence, severity and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>109 subjects with atherosclerosis were selected from the ILERVAS cohort (primary prevention) and matched with 109 participants without atherosclerosis of the same age, sex and SCORE2 risk level. Atherosclerosis was assessed and quantified by arterial wall vascular ultrasound in 12 territories, and PRS was estimated using the Cardio inCode Score®. The predictive capacity of the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis was estimated, as well as the association between the extent and severity of atherosclerosis with PRS and clinical risk (SCORE2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRS was similar between participants with or without atherosclerosis <em>(P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.525). We did not find an association between PRS and SCORE2 (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->-0.29, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.709), and the addition of PRS to SCORE2 did not improve the prediction of atherosclerosis [AUC (95% CI)<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.566 (0.477, 0.654), <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.148]. The extent of atherosclerosis was related to SCORE2 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.009), but not to PRS (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.709).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Selected PRS is not associated with the presence of atherosclerosis or clinical risk, suggesting that its additional contribution to CVE risk would be mediated by mechanisms independent of the development of atherosclerosis. Additional biomarkers are needed to improve the prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis without using imaging tests as a first step in personalized assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 2","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Los niveles plasmáticos elevados de TNF-R1 predicen el desarrollo de eventos isquémicos agudos en pacientes coronarios con diabetes","authors":"Sebastián Mas-Fontao ,&nbsp;Nieves Tarín ,&nbsp;Carmen Cristóbal ,&nbsp;Manuel Soto-Catalán ,&nbsp;Ana Pello ,&nbsp;Alvaro Aceña ,&nbsp;Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo ,&nbsp;Carmen Garces ,&nbsp;Carmen Gomez-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Carlos Gutiérrez-Landaluce ,&nbsp;Luis M. Blanco-Colio ,&nbsp;José Luis Martín-Ventura ,&nbsp;Ana Huelmos ,&nbsp;Joaquín Alonso ,&nbsp;Lorenzo López Bescós ,&nbsp;Juan A. Moreno ,&nbsp;Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández ,&nbsp;Óscar Lorenzo ,&nbsp;María Luisa González-Casaus ,&nbsp;Jesús Egido ,&nbsp;José Tuñón","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and stable coronary artery disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 964 patients with stable coronary artery disease were included. Plasma levels of inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 (TNF-R1 and TNF-R2), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. The primary endpoint was the development of acute ischaemic events (any type of acute coronary syndrome, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 232 diabetic patients and 732 non-diabetic patients. Patients with coronary artery disease and DM2 (232, 24%) had higher levels of TNF-R1, TNF-R2, GDF-15, sST2 (<em>P</em>&lt;.001), and hsCRP compared to patients without DM2, indicating a higher inflammatory state. After a median follow-up of 5.39 (2.81-6.92) years, patients with DM2 more frequently developed the primary endpoint (15.9% vs 10.8%; <em>P</em>=.035). Plasma levels of TNF-R1 were independent predictors of the primary endpoint in patients with DM2, along with male gender, triglyceride levels, and the absence of treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. None of these inflammatory markers predicted the development of this event in non-diabetic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with stable coronary artery disease and DM2 exhibit elevated levels of the proinflammatory markers TNF-R1, TNF-R2, GDF-15, and sST2. Moreover, TNF-R1 is an independent predictor of acute ischaemic events only in diabetic patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 2","pages":"Article 100735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hábitos nutricionales en los pacientes con enfermedad arterial periférica: adherencia a la dieta mediterránea","authors":"Elena Vilalta Doñate ,&nbsp;Francisca García Fernández ,&nbsp;Salvador Martínez Meléndez ,&nbsp;Consuelo Castillo Castillo ,&nbsp;Pablo Salas Medina ,&nbsp;Isabel Almodóvar Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Dietmed) exerts protective effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) there are fewer studies that analyze these data.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine adherence to Dietmed and dietary habits in patients with PAD, according to a history of CVD (coronary and/or cerebral ischaemic pathology) and according to the ankle-brachial index (ABI ≥ or &lt;0,5).</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional analytical study carried out in a tertiary hospital. The sample was collected consecutively. Sociodemographic and clinical history, ankle-brachial index (ABI) and a 14-point Dietmed adherence dietary questionnaire were included. The analysis of categorical variables was carried out using the Pearson's Chi-Square test, the T-Student's statistic test for independent samples was used for parametric variables and the U. Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 97 patients, 87,6% had low adherence to Dietmed, with no differences according to the severity of PAD. However, when we analysed the data according to whether or not they had a history of CVD, we observed a high adherence to some items included in Dietmed, specifically, in the CVD group, the consumption of lean meat (95,5% vs 64%; <em>P</em>=.004). In addition, we observed a significant difference in the consumption in the group without a history of CVD (32% vs 9,1%; <em>P</em>=.033).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our population, patients with PAD, regardless of the stage of the disease and whether they had associated coronary or cerebral ischaemic pathology, had low adherence to Dietmed. Therefore, it is important to implement nutritional education programmes in patients with PAD in all stages, as well as in those patients who have already suffered a vascular event, so that they maintain adherence to healthy dietary habits in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 2","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141628054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) modulates phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells and pathological vascular remodeling.","authors":"Julius Soudant, Raquel González-Blázquez, Abraham Merino, Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez, Raquel Rodrigues-Diez, Rosa Moreno-Carriles, J Francisco Nistal, Susana Guerra, Juan Miguel Redondo, Mercedes Salaices, Ana M Briones, Ana B García-Redondo","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammation is a major determinant of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) has a role in vascular remodelling in AAA. This study investigates the mechanisms whereby ISG15 might affect vascular remodeling and function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from wild type (ISG15^+/+) o ISG15 knockout (ISG15^-/-) mice, aorta from ISG15^+/+ and ISG15^-/- mice infused with angiotensin II (1.44mg/kg/day, sc, 14 days), and human AAA. We also performed a model of recombinant ISG15 infusion (rISG15, sc, 100 and 500ng/day, 14 days) in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In VSMC, ISG15 deficiency increased the expression of contractile (Acta2, Tagln) and synthetic (Fn1, Col1a2, Col3, Col4) markers and decreased the expression of the calcification marker Spp1. Ang II infusion changed the expression of phenotype markers differently in aorta from ISG15^+/+ or ISG15^-/- mice. ISG15 expression showed a negative correlation with expression of contractile markers (ACTA2, CNN1), and with COL3a1, in human samples from patients with AAA or with stenotic aorto-iliac pathology. rISG15 infusion induced hypotrophic vascular remodelling in mesenteric arteries without affecting vascular mechanics. Aorta of ISG15^-/- mice contracted more to thromboxane A₂ analogue U46619, compared to ISG15^-/-mice. Both aorta and mesenteric arteries from rISG15-treated mice showed less contractility than control mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ISG15 participates in pathological vascular remodeling probably by modulating VSMC phenotype. These changes could also impact in the vascular function.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular effects of household air pollution on cardiovascular diseases incidence.","authors":"Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Gladys Lizarazo, Raúl Torres, Fausto Posso, Jose P Lopez-Lopez, Maya Caicedo, Fernando Vargas-Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the largest number of inhabitants on the planet are concentrated. Air pollution inside and outside the home by microparticles 2 5 (PM2·5) has become an important risk factor for the presence of CVD and other chronic non-communicable diseases, particularly in LMICs. The use of solid fuels as an energy source for cooking food and heating inside the home has negative effects not only on human health but also on the health of the planet, as it contributes to deforestation and the consequent effect on climate change. In this narrative review we update how air pollution inside the home from cooking food with firewood and charcoal impacts the risk of CVD, the factors that determine the use of these polluting fuels, and the actions necessary for the massive transition toward the use of non-polluting energy, highlighting the development of university research to offer a stove that uses green hydrogen as a non-polluting energy source.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabesity and cardiovascular mortality in a prospective population cohort followed for more than 20 years.","authors":"Julio A Carbayo-Herencia, Marta Simarro Rueda, Luis Miguel Artigao Ródenas, Juan A Divisón Garrote, Francisca Molina Escribano, Isabel Ponce García, Antonio Palazón Bru, Pilar Torres Moreno, David Caldevilla Bernardo, Rosalina Martínez López, Vicente Francisco Gil Guillén, José R Banegas","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Control of the main cardiovascular risk factors had succeeded in reducing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the general increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and obesity has slowed this decline. Both CVRFs are strongly associated, and the term diabesity has been coined to refer to this relationship. The main objective of this study was to assess the influence of diabesity on cardiovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective cohort study involving 1246 individuals (54.3% women) followed for 20.9 years (SD=7.31) and selected by random two-stage sampling in a province in southeastern Spain. Diabesity was defined as the combination of DM2 with overweight and obesity. Survival curves (Kaplan-Meier) were calculated and two Cox regression models were used, one unadjusted and the other adjusted by the main explanatory variables in which the diabesity variable consisted of 6 categories (normal weight, overweight, obesity, normal weight+DM2, overweight+DM2 and obesity+DM2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 95 deaths due to CV causes (7.6% of the total; 6.2% women and 9.3% men; p=0.01). After adjustment, the combination of DM2 and overweight increased the incidence of cardiovascular mortality by 133% (HR=2.33; 95% CI: 1.18-4.58; p=0.014) and the combination of DM2 and obesity by 49% (HR=1.49; 95% CI: 0.64-3.45; p=0.351), not reaching statistical significance in the latter case.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the general population, the results of our study show that the combination of overweight and DM2 is associated with higher CV mortality. It seems a priority to intervene intensively in the control of both overweight and DM2.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPD and cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Carlos Santiago Díaz, Francisco J Medrano, N Muñoz-Rivas, Luis Castilla Guerra, M Belén Alonso Ortiz","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) usually presents joined to other pathologies we call comorbidities. The more frequent of them are those related to cardiovascular risk, either its risk factors or its clinical manifestations. Cardiovascular risk of these patients grows up with the severity of the airflow obstruction, specially during and after an exacerbation of COPD. Patients with COPD have between 2 and 5 times more risk of ischaemic heart disease than people without COPD, even after adjusting for cofounding factors. Cardiovascular diseases are up to the second cause of mortality in these patients, close to those due to the lung disease. Although COPD is associated to several cardiovascular risk factors such as tobacco, arterial hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus, they don't explain all the excess in cardiovascular risk these patients have. Despite that excess of cardiovascular risk in COPD patients, most widely used cardiovascular risk scores don't include COPD as a risk factor itself, so global risk is understimated in these patients. In this review, we make a bibliography revision of the avaliable evidence about COPD and cardiovascular risk factors as well as the excess of cardiovascular risk COPD itself involves.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habit of physical-sports practice and the healthy lifestyle among Spanish adults from 22 to 72 years of age.","authors":"Pedro Luis Rodríguez García, Juan José Pérez Soto, Eliseo García Cantó, Pedro Javier Tarraga Marcos, Pedro Juan Tárraga López","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2024.500756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical-sports habits in adulthood constitute one of the predictors of physical, psychological and social health within healthy lifestyles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Acquired Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale was applied to a sample of 788 subjects between the ages of 22 and 72 and the dimension that makes up physical-sports practice habits was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74.4% of adults have habits of physical-sports practice that are not healthy or unhealthy, 18.8% tend towards health and only 6.9% are healthy. Pearson's 2 tests show a significant association between men and healthy habits, without observing changes associated with the age variable. The t-Student and one-factor ANOVA tests confirm the relationship between the level of health and physical-sports practice habits depending on sex and age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is necessary to promote preventive programs to increase participation in the practice of physical and sports exercise in the adult population that has unhealthy or unhealthy levels of lifestyle.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}