Ángel Arturo López-González, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent, Emilio Martínez-Almoyna Rifá, Hernán Paublini Oliveira, Cristina Martorell Sánchez, Pedro Juan Tárraga López
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial process underlying major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Among the associated risk factors, lipoprotein ratios have been identified as key indicators of atherogenic risk. However, the influence of sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, and stress levels on lipoprotein ratios remains underexplored.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between sociodemographic variables, healthy lifestyle habits, and stress levels with lipoprotein ratios and atherogenic risk in a large cohort of Spanish workers.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24,244 Spanish workers. The association between age, gender, socioeconomic status, tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and stress levels with atherogenic risk scales, including atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) and atherogenic índices, was evaluated.
Results: A significant association was found between all analyzed variables and lipoprotein ratios. The strongest associations were observed with age and gender, followed by occupational status, tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity, diet, and stress levels. Men exhibited a higher atherogenic risk compared to women (OR 2.36; 95% CI 2.18-2.55). The risk increased significantly with age, peaking in the 50-69 age group (OR 5.00; 95% CI 3.70-6.31). Manual workers had a higher prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia compared to non-manual workers (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.27-1.41). Furthermore, smoking (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.71-1.97) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.36-1.55), physical inactivity (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.76-2.05), and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.60-1.84) were associated with higher atherogenic index values.
Conclusions: The presence of an adverse lipoprotein profile is strongly influenced by sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and stress. Identifying these determinants may enable the implementation of preventive strategies aimed at reducing atherogenic risk and improving cardiovascular health in working populations.
动脉粥样硬化是一个多因素的过程，是主要心血管疾病（cvd）的基础。在相关的危险因素中，脂蛋白比率已被确定为动脉粥样硬化风险的关键指标。然而，社会人口变量、生活方式因素和压力水平对脂蛋白比率的影响仍未得到充分探讨。目的：分析西班牙一大群工人的社会人口学变量、健康生活习惯和压力水平与脂蛋白比率和动脉粥样硬化风险之间的关系。材料和方法：对24,244名西班牙工人进行了横断面研究。评估了年龄、性别、社会经济地位、烟酒消费、体育活动、地中海饮食依从性和压力水平与动脉粥样硬化风险量表（包括动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常（AD）和动脉粥样硬化índices）之间的关系。结果：所有分析变量与脂蛋白比值之间存在显著相关性。年龄和性别的相关性最强，其次是职业状况、烟酒消费、体育活动、饮食和压力水平。与女性相比，男性表现出更高的动脉粥样硬化风险(OR 2.36；95% ci 2.18-2.55)。随着年龄的增长，风险显著增加，在50-69岁年龄组达到高峰(OR 5.00；95% ci 3.70-6.31)。体力劳动者患动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的比例高于非体力劳动者(OR 1.35；95% ci 1.27-1.41)。此外，吸烟(OR 1.84；95% CI 1.71-1.97)和饮酒(OR 1.45；95% CI 1.36-1.55)，缺乏身体活动(OR 1.90；95% CI 1.76-2.05)，地中海饮食依从性低(OR 1.72；95% CI 1.60-1.84)与较高的动脉粥样硬化指数值相关。结论：不良脂蛋白谱的存在受到社会人口因素、生活习惯和压力的强烈影响。确定这些决定因素可能有助于实施旨在减少动脉粥样硬化风险和改善工作人群心血管健康的预防战略。
期刊介绍：
La publicación idónea para acceder tanto a los últimos originales de investigación como a formación médica continuada sobre la arteriosclerosis y su etiología, epidemiología, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Además, es la publicación oficial de la Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis.
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