Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Sex differences in lipid-lowering therapy after atherothrombotic ischemic stroke: The multicenter MaLIC study.","authors":"Carolina Guerrero Buitrago, Dídac Llop Paredes, Oscar Mascaró Cavaller, Marta Mauri Pont, Rosa Borrallo Almansa, Àngels Pedragosa Vall","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Women have poorer outcomes after ischaemic stroke. The primary objective was to assess sex-based differences in the management and intensity of lipid-lowering therapy following non-cardioembolic ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Secondary objectives were to analyse sex-based differences in vascular risk profile, pre-event functional status, and stroke severity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Subanalysis of the second phase of the MaLIC study (Management of Stroke in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands), a prospective, multicentre study conducted in 20 hospitals. Adults with non-cardioembolic ischaemic stroke or TIA were included. Vascular risk factors, stroke severity, lipid profile, and intensity of lipid-lowering therapy at hospital discharge were compared according to sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 591 patients were included, of whom 223 (37.7%) were women. Women were older (76 vs. 70 years; P<.0001), had greater pre-event functional dependence (mRS>2: 16.1% vs. 7.9%; P=.003), and a lower prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (4.9% vs. 14.4%; P<0001) and peripheral arterial disease (6.3% vs. 13.0%; P=.01). Although women had higher LDL cholesterol levels at admission (103.5 vs. 92mg/dl; P=.004), they were less frequently prescribed high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy at discharge (64.1% vs. 72.3%; P=.04). No differences were observed in stroke code activation or reperfusion therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women were less frequently prescribed high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy at discharge than men, despite having higher LDL cholesterol levels. These findings highlight an opportunity to optimise lipid-lowering therapy after the cerebrovascular event.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-life atherogenesis: Mechanistic pathways, risk architecture, and clinical implications in pediatric populations.","authors":"Citlaly Natali de la Torre-Sosa, Rebeca López-Marure, Héctor Ochoa-Díaz-López, César Antonio Irecta-Nájera","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis is now recognized as a long-term biological process whose origins may be established early in life, well before the clinical expression of cardiovascular disease. The increasing prevalence of pediatric obesity, insulin resistance, sedentary behavior, and unhealthy dietary patterns has intensified interest in understanding how vascular risk is shaped from childhood onward. This narrative review examines early-life atherogenesis in pediatric populations from mechanistic, clinical, and preventive perspectives, with emphasis on cardiometabolic risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and potential biomarkers of subclinical vascular injury. A narrative synthesis of current evidence was conducted to integrate mechanistic, clinical, and preventive aspects of pediatric atherogenesis, focusing on biological pathways, developmental determinants, lifestyle-related exposures, and emerging tools for early risk stratification. Sustained exposure to adverse cardiometabolic factors during childhood and adolescence may promote subclinical vascular alterations and establish risk trajectories that persist into adulthood. This process involves the interaction of atherogenic dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, immune activation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling. Circulating biomarkers of endothelial activation and vascular inflammation may serve as early indicators of subclinical injury and provide complementary information for identifying children with increased cardiometabolic vulnerability. Genetic susceptibility, pubertal development, sex-related differences, socioeconomic conditions, and lifestyle-related factors further modulate the expression and severity of risk. Early identification of children with unfavorable cardiometabolic profiles requires the integration of conventional clinical assessment with biomarkers, derived lipid parameters, and complementary stratification tools that still require further pediatric validation. Understanding pediatric atherogenesis as an integrated process shaped by biology, development, and environment may help guide more timely strategies for prevention, follow-up, and intervention aimed at reducing future cardiovascular burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500964"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical profile and LDL cholesterol control in patients with chronic coronary síndrome.","authors":"José Javier Gómez-Barrado, Paula Gómez-Turégano, Marta Gómez-Turégano","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines occurred concurrently and may have modified the clinical profile of patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, coronary anatomy, and lipid control by comparing two distinct time periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre cross-sectional study included 1,925 patients with CCS from the four healthcare areas of the province of Cáceres (Spain). Two periods were compared: the pre-pandemic period (up to 10 March 2020) and the period following the acute phase of the pandemic (from June 2020 to December 2025). Lipid control was assessed according to the 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines in the pre-pandemic cohort and the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines in the post-pandemic cohort. Clinical variables, lipid profile, and coronary disease severity were analysed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess achievement of LDL cholesterol <55mg/dL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The post-pandemic cohort was younger (63.5 vs. 65.3 years; P=.001), with a lower prevalence of hypertension (53.4% vs. 63.7%; P<.001) and no differences in diabetes mellitus, but a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia (76.9% vs. 67.3%; P<.001). A lower prevalence of renal impairment (15.5% vs. 22.6%; P<.001) and three-vessel coronary disease (17.0% vs. 25.3%; P<.001) was also observed. LDL cholesterol levels under treatment were lower in the post-pandemic period (57.5 vs. 67.6mg/dL; P<.001). The proportion of patients achieving LDL cholesterol targets of <70mg/dL and <55mg/dL was higher in the post-pandemic cohort. In multivariable analysis, this association remained significant after adjustment for major baseline clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with CCS evaluated after the acute phase of the pandemic were younger and exhibited lower anatomical and renal disease complexity, suggesting changes in the clinical profile of the population receiving cardiovascular care following the pandemic. In parallel, a significant improvement in lipid control was observed, probably related to greater intensification of lipid-lowering therapy and the implementation of more stringent treatment targets according to contemporary guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500965"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherogenic dyslipidaemia 2026. Consensus document of the COR (Remnant Cholesterol) Group of the Spanish Arteriosclerosis Society.","authors":"Juan Pedro-Botet, Rosa M Argüeso, Ángel Díaz, Jesús Millán, Vicente Pascual, Pablo Pérez-Martínez, Xavier Pintó, Antonio Ruiz-García, José L Díaz-Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: Impact on cardiovascular risk factors.","authors":"David Benaiges, Juan Pedro-Botet, Anna Casajoana","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic bariatric surgery has become the most effective intervention for severe obesity and its associated diseases. Among the available techniques, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the most performed procedures. SG has recently become the predominant choice due to its technical simplicity and favourable safety profile. Nevertheless, the comparative outcomes and effects on obesity-related diseases between both procedures remain controversial. The present narrative review analyses the key clinical outcomes and indications of RYGB and SG. RYGB demonstrated superior results in managing type 2 diabetes, elevated LDL cholesterol, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, SG is associated with fewer complications, making it a safer option, especially for elderly or high-risk surgical candidates. Both procedures yielded similar results in terms of weight loss and quality of life in most patients. Therefore, the selection of the surgical technique should be individualized according to obesity-related diseases and expected objectives between doctor and patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500962"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of short telomere as biomarker of diabetes mellitus type 2 status in the CORDIOPREV study","authors":"Ana Ojeda-Rodriguez,&nbsp;Maria Jose Parraga-Viudez,&nbsp;Juan L. Romero-Cabrera,&nbsp;Alejandro López-Moreno,&nbsp;Javier Arenas-Montes,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Pérez Caballero,&nbsp;Raul M. Luque,&nbsp;Javier Delgado-Lista,&nbsp;Oriol Rangel-Zuñiga,&nbsp;Jose Lopez-Miranda","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. To identify biomarkers is essential to predict T2DM onset and progression in the context of secondary prevention. Telomere length (TL), a marker of cellular aging, has been linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction, including diabetes-related complications. This study aims to evaluate TL as a potential biomarker for T2DM in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 956 patients from the CORDIOPREV study with available TL data. Participants were classified according to their diabetes status at the end of the dietary intervention: 407 were free of T2DM and 549 were classified as having T2DM. TL was measured by quantitative PCR. Patients with TL values below the 20th percentile of the study population were categorized as having short telomeres.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TL was significantly shorter in T2DM patients compared to non-T2DM (1.26<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.74 vs. 1.38<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.84; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.026). Each 1-SD increase in TL was associated with a 17% lower risk of T2DM (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.69–0.98). Patients at risk of short TL (&lt;20th percentile) showed a higher prevalence of T2DM (20% vs. 17%; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.035) and a 42% increased risk of its presence (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.99–2.02). In stepwise regression models, TL, age, BMI, insulin, triglycerides, and HbA1c emerged as independent predictors of T2DM. After adjusting for fasting glucose, TL lost significance as a continuous variable, but short TL risk remained independently associated with T2DM (OR 1.57, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.049).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Shorter TL is associated with the presence of T2DM in patients with CHD, supporting its potential role as an independent biomarker for T2DM risk in secondary prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"38 5","pages":"Article 500888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of elevated lipoprotein(a) levels and associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in subjects with metabolic disorders: A real-world study in a lipid unit","authors":"Francesco Di Giacomo Barbagallo,&nbsp;Ana González-Lleó,&nbsp;Núria Amigo,&nbsp;Giosiana Bosco,&nbsp;Daiana Ibarretxe,&nbsp;Salvatore Piro,&nbsp;Roberto Scicali,&nbsp;Luís Masana","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a proatherogenic particle that is considered an important cardiovascular risk modifier due to its association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) as well as calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Data on the clinical burden associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels in patients at high and very high cardiovascular risk remain limited. We evaluated the prevalence of ASCVD and LDL-C target achievement in subjects with high and very high elevated Lp(a) levels referred to a lipid unit.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>In this retrospective study, 1755 subjects were evaluated; 265 with Lp(a) ≥240<!--> <!-->nmol/L were included. The population was divided into two groups: high Lp(a) (240–429<!--> <!-->nmol/L, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->216) and very high Lp(a) (≥430<!--> <!-->nmol/L, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->49). ASCVD prevalence was 58% in the very high group and 48% in the high group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.23). Age and statin intensity were higher in the very high Lp(a) group. LDL-C target achievement was low in both groups: 20.0% and 25.4% of very high-risk patients reached &lt;55<!--> <!-->mg/dL as well as 18.2% and 17.2% of high-risk patients reached &lt;70<!--> <!-->mg/dL in very high and high Lp(a) groups, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Subjects with elevated Lp(a) levels showed a high prevalence of ASCVD and low LDL-C target attainment despite high-intensity statin therapy. These findings support the need for Lp(a) screening and additional lipid-lowering strategies in high-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"38 5","pages":"Article 500892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative performance of machine learning vs classical formulas for LDL-cholesterol calculation","authors":"Salomón Martín Pérez,&nbsp;Remo Suppi,&nbsp;Teresa Arrobas Velilla,&nbsp;Francisco de Borja Téllez Hernández,&nbsp;Antonio León-Justel","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500887","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, as direct measurement is expensive and often unavailable in most clinical laboratories. The Friedewald formula (FD), despite its widespread use since 1972, has notable limitations, especially at high triglyceride levels and low LDL-C concentrations. Machine learning (ML) techniques offer promising alternatives for accurate LDL-C estimation, potentially overcoming traditional formula limitations by leveraging complex pattern recognition in lipid profile data.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Material and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This retrospective study analyzed 34,678 lipid profiles from patients over 18 years attending Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville (January 2021–December 2022). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee (CEI HVM-VR_03/2024). All lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C) were measured using Cobas 6000 analyzer. Twenty-two machine learning models were developed using Python's PyCaret library with 80/20 train-test split. Models included Linear Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and Gradient Boosting among others. Performance was evaluated using coefficient of determination (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). Four triglyceride subgroups were analyzed: &lt;150, 150–250, 250–400, and &gt;400&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The dataset comprised 34,678 individuals with mean values: total cholesterol 204.6&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;73.36&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL, triglycerides 203.95&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;143.94&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL, HDL-C 51.83&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;18.45&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL, and LDL-C 120.38&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;62.29&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL. LightGBM achieved the highest performance (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.965, RMSE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;11.35, MAE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;7.99), followed by Gradient Boosting (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.962, RMSE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;11.89, MAE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;7.87) and XGBoost (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.958, RMSE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;12.49, MAE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;8.3). Traditional formulas showed inferior performance: Martin–Hopkins (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.951, RMSE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;13.82, MAE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;9.3) and Friedewald (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.926, RMSE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;16.92, MAE&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;11.97). Performance differences were more pronounced at triglyceride levels&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;≥&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;250&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL, with ML models maintaining &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&gt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.92 while classical formulas deteriorated significantly, particularly Friedewald (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.34) at triglycerides&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&gt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;400&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/dL.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Machine learning models, particularly boosting algorithms (LightG","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"38 5","pages":"Article 500887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estudio piloto de evaluación de una herramienta de ayuda a la decisión clínica: «Lipidólogo Virtual HTE-DLP 3.0»","authors":"Alberto Zamora,&nbsp;Cristina Soler,&nbsp;Emilio Ortega,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Martín-Urda,&nbsp;Juan Mora,&nbsp;Mari Cruz Almendros,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Sevilla,&nbsp;Alex Vila,&nbsp;Daina Ibarrexte,&nbsp;Rosa María Pérez-Bernalte,&nbsp;Carlos Puig-Jové,&nbsp;Adria Plà,&nbsp;Luis Masana,&nbsp;en representación de la Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Sociedad Catalana de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2026.500893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Clinical decision support systems can improve guideline adherence and reduce variability. HTE-DLP 3.0 (Virtual Lipidologist) provides recommendations based on scientific evidence, safety, and cost-effectiveness criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A proof-of-concept study was conducted using 10 standardized clinical cases evaluated by 9 clinicians before and after the use of the HTE-DLP 3.0. Therapeutic variability was analyzed using the Simpson Diversity Index and the kappa coefficient. Usability and user experience were assessed using the CSUQ and QoE questionnaires, together with a qualitative survey on strengths and areas for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline assessment showed very significant interprofessional variability. Uniform adherence to the shared algorithmic recommendation is observed. The CSUQ showed good efficiency scores (6.40) and high satisfaction (5.42/7), with error messages and the availability of clinical support tools identified as areas for improvement. The QoE showed high scores for data security (4.71), clinical usefulness (4.57), and social impact (4.57), with learning time being the lowest-rated aspect (2.85/5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HTE-DLP 3.0 demonstrated the ability to act as a decision standardization tool based on clinical practice guidelines. Further studies in real-world clinical practice will be necessary to evaluate its clinical and cost-effectiveness impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"38 5","pages":"Article 500893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riesgo aterogénico en trabajadores de los sectores comercio e industria: asociación con factores sociodemográficos y de estilo de vida en una amplia cohorte laboral española","authors":"María Pilar Fernández-Figares Vicioso,&nbsp;María Teófila Vicente-Herrero,&nbsp;Pere Riutord Sbert,&nbsp;José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent,&nbsp;Pedro Juan Tárraga Marcos,&nbsp;José Luis del Barrio Fernández,&nbsp;Ángel Arturo López-González","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) and associated lipid ratios are critical markers for cardiovascular risk, yet little is known about how these markers vary by occupational sector and sociodemographic or lifestyle factors in working populations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the prevalence and determinants of elevated atherogenic risk according to total cholesterol/HDL-c (TC/HDL-c), LDL-c/HDL-c, triglycerides/HDL-c (TG/HDL-c), and AD in workers from the commerce and industry sectors, stratified by sex, age, education, physical activity, diet, and smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 56,856 Spanish workers (39,448 men and 17,408 women) from commerce (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->27,448) and industry (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->29,408). Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle data were collected, and atherogenic risk was assessed using TC/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c ratios, and AD presence. Mean values and prevalence were compared by group, and multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between risk markers and covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Workers in the industry sector showed higher mean values and prevalence of all atherogenic risk scales compared to those in commerce, particularly among men and older age groups. Male sex, older age, lower education, physical inactivity, absence of Mediterranean diet, and smoking were consistently associated with higher odds of elevated lipid ratios and AD. Notably, the absence of physical activity was strongly associated with all outcomes, with ORs ranging from 3.08 to 11.66. The industrial sector was independently associated with increased risk: TC/HDL-c (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.23), LDL-c/HDL-c (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.15), TG/HDL-c (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.16), and AD (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.19).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Atherogenic risk profiles are less favorable among industrial workers and are significantly influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors. These findings support the need for preventive strategies tailored to the occupational context, with emphasis on promoting physical activity, smoking cessation, and healthier dietary habits, in order to reduce cardiovascular risk in these populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"38 5","pages":"Article 500873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}