Seismic Instruments最新文献

High-Precision Determinations of the Characteristics of Natural Oscillations of Medium-Pressure Hydroelectric Power Station Dams by the Standing Wave Method 用驻波法高精度测定中压水电站大坝自然振荡特性

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S074792392570029X

A. A. Bakh, A. F. Emanov, A. G. Sheboltasov, D. V. Decik, A. A. Emanov, P. O. Polyansky, A. V. Durachenko, A. Yu. Rybushkin

引用次数: 0

Seismogenic Activation of a Fault in the Late Neopleistocene by Deformations in the Topography, Sediments, and Basement Rocks in the Southeast of Fennoscandia 芬诺斯坎迪亚东南部地形、沉积物和基岩变形对晚新新世断裂的发震作用

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700318

S. V. Shvarev, I. V. Bondar, A. O. Koroleva, A. O. Komarov

{"title":"Seismogenic Activation of a Fault in the Late Neopleistocene by Deformations in the Topography, Sediments, and Basement Rocks in the Southeast of Fennoscandia","authors":"S. V. Shvarev, I. V. Bondar, A. O. Koroleva, A. O. Komarov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700318","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700318","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive studies of seismogenic deformations in the topography, sediments, and rocks of the crystalline basement using structural-geomorphological, geophysical, and tectonophysical methods have been carried out. Based on the materials of deciphering digital elevation models, a hierarchical block-fault structure has been established, which has been partially inherited and activated in recent times and corresponds to the topographic forms and linear accumulative formations (eskers and plumes) “inscribed” in the tectonic framework. Ruptures of different kinematic types, folds, and forms of liquefaction in gravel-sand deposits have been discovered and documented within one of the massifs. The separations of reverse faults reach 1–2.2 m; those of normal faults are 1.5–4.5 m. Eight horizons with deformations have been identified, the thickness of the largest of which is ≈4 m, and the age range according to OSL dating is from 53 ± 3 cal. kyr to 41 ± 3 cal. kyr. This horizon corresponds to the parameters of the paleoearthquake of IX+ points. Other deformation horizons have a thickness from 0.1 to 0.4 m and are formed by weaker events, one of which occurred before the maximum glaciation, while six occurred later, in the Late Glacial period. Ruptures can be traced in the sediment sequences with depths of up to the first meters according to geolocation data. In the crystalline rocks in the zone of the esker and the faults controlling it, crushing zones and sliding mirrors were found, indicating a consistent activation of faults. The strike-slip and reverse character of the ruptures with a northwesterly strike line and east–northeast and southwest dip azimuths corresponding to ruptures in loose sediments and the general latest structural plan has been established.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 1","pages":"58 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of the Geomorphologic Structure of the Petrozavodsk Bay of Lake Onega According to Hydroacoustic and Seismoacoustic Observations 基于水声和震声观测的奥涅加湖彼得罗扎沃茨克湾地貌结构特征

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700264

M. I. Aleshin, P. Yu. Belyaev, A. E. Rybalko, A. K. Mirinets, D. A. Subetto, M. Yu. Tokarev

引用次数: 0

A Study of the Method of Passive Remote Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves as Applied to the Determination of the Velocity Structure of Near-Surface Soils 表面波被动远程多通道分析方法在近地表土壤速度结构测定中的应用研究

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700276

A. V. Yablokov, R. A. Efremov, P. A. Dergach

{"title":"A Study of the Method of Passive Remote Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves as Applied to the Determination of the Velocity Structure of Near-Surface Soils","authors":"A. V. Yablokov, R. A. Efremov, P. A. Dergach","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700276","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700276","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the influence of observation system geometry on the accuracy of surface wave dispersion curve determination using the passive remote multichannel surface wave analysis (PRMASW) method. The study examined the impacts of different seismic receiver configurations, including linear and area observation systems, on the quality of dispersion imaging using synthetic data. Modeling results demonstrate that two-dimensional observation systems, such as random distribution or circular configurations, provide more accurate dispersion curve definition compared to linear systems, especially in the low-frequency region. This improved accuracy is attributed to increased spatial sampling and the ability to capture surface waves propagating in multiple directions. The paper also presents the methodology of a field experiment conducted at a seismic test site in the Novosibirsk region utilizing moving cars as controlled passive sources. The acquired data corroborate the results of the synthetic studies and demonstrate the practical applicability of the PRMASW method in field settings.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 1","pages":"91 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Scientific Publications on the Application of Convolutional Neural Networks in Seismology 卷积神经网络在地震学中的应用的科学文献分析

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700306

K. Yu. Silkin

{"title":"Analysis of Scientific Publications on the Application of Convolutional Neural Networks in Seismology","authors":"K. Yu. Silkin","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700306","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700306","url":null,"abstract":"We have analyzed over 80 scientific articles from around the world on the topic of using convolutional neural networks in seismology. This review is structured as analysis of the distribution of these publications across several groups of characteristics. We have previously formulated our vision of the scientific field under consideration, focusing on such key points as the problem of the volume of data sufficient for high-quality training of neural networks; difficulties with formalizing the choice of a suitable architecture for the created neural networks; and lack of consensus among researchers on optimal methods of preliminary data preparation. Before the actual analysis of publications, the methodology of the search process is described and list of scientific databases containing links to publications from around the world is provided. The review begins with study of the long-term dynamics of publication activity on this topic, identifying specific stages when scientific progress proceeded at different speeds. Interpretation of the identified patterns can be useful in predicting the further development of this direction. Next, the distribution of the collected publications is analyzed and interpreted according to the tasks that seismologists set for the convolutional neural networks they create. As a result, the most relevant topics of our time and those that have not yet received the attention of researchers are identified. The review concludes with analysis of the problem of data preparation before loading it into the created neural networks for training and work. Different methods of data pre-preparation are analyzed by comparing their advantages and disadvantages.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 2","pages":"168 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Thermal Mechanism of Electromagnetic Initiation of Earthquakes: Numerical Estimates and Laboratory Studies 电磁诱发地震的热机制：数值估计和实验室研究

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.3103/S074792392570032X

V. A. Novikov, D. S. Kulkov, S. V. Parov, I. P. Gorynin

{"title":"A Thermal Mechanism of Electromagnetic Initiation of Earthquakes: Numerical Estimates and Laboratory Studies","authors":"V. A. Novikov, D. S. Kulkov, S. V. Parov, I. P. Gorynin","doi":"10.3103/S074792392570032X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S074792392570032X","url":null,"abstract":"The hypothesis of the thermal trigger mechanism of the effect of electric current on porous fluid-saturated rock is considered, when Joule heating of fluid (mineralized water) in pores and cracks leads to an increase in pore pressure and a decrease in the effective strength of rock. Numerical estimates of current flow in a porous fluid-saturated medium have shown that the increase in fluid temperature and, as a consequence, its pressure in the pores is several percent, which, in principle, can explain the trigger effect of electric current when the geoenvironment is in a stress–strain state close to the ultimate strength of rocks. In experiments on a uniaxial press with cylindrical samples of artificial sandstone and marble in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped of square cross-section with different porosities, the response of acoustic emissions and deformation of the sample during sessions of electrical action was demonstrated. However, when the sample was exposed to electrical current density at a level of 10–5 A/m2, which is an order of magnitude higher than the numerical estimates of the current density created in the Earth’s crust by artificial sources in field conditions, the response of acoustic emissions and the change in transverse deformation of the sample to such an effect has not been established. This allows us to conclude that the electromagnetic initiation of earthquakes when rocks are exposed to a weak electric current cannot be explained by a thermal mechanism based on Joule heating of fluids in cracks and pores of rocks.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 2","pages":"105 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of the Relationship between Peak Ground Accelerations in Fault Zones of Strong Earthquakes and Magnitude and Distance from the Source Based on a Large Dataset (Verification of Regulatory Formulas SP 286.1325800.2016 “Critical Infrastructure: Rules for Detailed Seismic Zoning”) 基于大数据的强震断裂带地面加速度峰值与震级和震源距离关系研究（SP 286.1325800.2016《关键基础设施：详细地震区划规则》规范公式验证）

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700252

E. V. Descherevskaya, O. V. Pavlenko

{"title":"Study of the Relationship between Peak Ground Accelerations in Fault Zones of Strong Earthquakes and Magnitude and Distance from the Source Based on a Large Dataset (Verification of Regulatory Formulas SP 286.1325800.2016 “Critical Infrastructure: Rules for Detailed Seismic Zoning”)","authors":"E. V. Descherevskaya, O. V. Pavlenko","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700252","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700252","url":null,"abstract":"To verify the regulatory formulas SP 286.1325800.2016, records obtained by stations of the K-NET and KiK-net strong motion networks in Japan were studied. The peak ground accelerations recorded during strong earthquakes in three magnitude ranges—6.6–6.7, 6.8–7.0, and 7.1–7.3—and calculated using the SP formulas were compared. A large scatter of experimental acceleration values for fixed magnitudes and distances from the source was obtained, associated with the dependence of peak ground accelerations on the characteristics of the source and wave propagation medium (orientation of the fault plane and distribution of displacements on it, released stress, source spectrum, frequency-dependent quality factor of the medium, local frequency-dependent amplification, soil response, surface topography and internal boundaries, etc.). Calculations using the SP regulatory formulas are based on clouds of experimental data, but significantly underestimate peak ground accelerations, especially in the focal and near zones. The SP regulatory formulas provide only approximate estimates that can be used as a reference, but in practice, for critical infrastructure, more reliable methods for assessing peak ground accelerations and other parameters of seismic impacts should be used, taking into account regional characteristics and recurrence periods of earthquakes, with elements of probabilistic analysis.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 1","pages":"15 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphotectonics of the Imandra–Kolvitsky Fault and Parameters of the Focal Zone of Paleoearthquakes in the Luvenga Tundra (Kola Peninsula) 科拉半岛鲁文加冻土带Imandra-Kolvitsky断裂的形态构造与古地震震源带参数

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700239

S. V. Shvarev, S. B. Nikolaeva, I. V. Bondar, A. O. Koroleva, A. O. Komarov

{"title":"Morphotectonics of the Imandra–Kolvitsky Fault and Parameters of the Focal Zone of Paleoearthquakes in the Luvenga Tundra (Kola Peninsula)","authors":"S. V. Shvarev, S. B. Nikolaeva, I. V. Bondar, A. O. Koroleva, A. O. Komarov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700239","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700239","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed paleoseismogeological studies have been carried out in the area of the Kandalaksha low-mountain massifs on the Kola Peninsula (northeast Fennoscandian Shield). In order to identify traces of paleoearthquakes, parametrization, and dating of events, a set of methods was used, including analysis of satellite images and digital elevation models (DEM), ground-based geological and geomorphological mapping, structural and tectonophysical studies, drilling of lakes in fault zones, and selection and radiocarbon (14C) dating of paleosols. The study of various groups of seismic disturbances in topography and rock massifs (seismotectonic, seismogravitational, seismovibrational), as well as morphotectonic data, allowed us to identify the large Imandra-Kolvitsky seismotectonic zone extending over 100 km in the southwest Kola Peninsula. As a result of the research, it was found that the zone inherited from the Precambrian showed activation in the Late Glacial and Holocene. The identified areas of seismic deformations, surveyed in the area of the Luvenga Tundra key site, allowed us to establish that there were epicenter zone of seismic fault, the intensity of which ranged from IX to VIII in the Late Glacial with a decrease in the Holocene. The seismic fault has a dextral strike-slip kinematics with a thrust component, implemented in the stress field of the meridional (NNE) maximum compression and wide-latitude (WNW) stretching. New data on estimating the age of paleoearthquakes indicate the four most likely events in the Holocene (ka cal BP): (1) ≈10.4; (2) ≈7.5; (3) ≈2.8–3.0; (4) ≈0.38. The conducted research can be used to develop scientific and methodological foundations for assessing the risks of catastrophic processes, updating earthquake catalogs and databases on active faults, as well as preventing seismic hazards of platform territories.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 1","pages":"25 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ProLom Program for Probabilistic Location of Earthquakes Using Macroseismic and Instrumental Data 利用宏观地震和仪器数据进行地震概率定位的ProLom程序

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700227

V. E. Asming, A. N. Morozov, A. V. Fedorov, N. V. Vaganova

{"title":"ProLom Program for Probabilistic Location of Earthquakes Using Macroseismic and Instrumental Data","authors":"V. E. Asming, A. N. Morozov, A. V. Fedorov, N. V. Vaganova","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700227","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700227","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The article is devoted to addressing the critical issue of increasing the reliability of estimates of the parameters of seismic events that occurred during the formation of instrumental observational seismology. Catalogs of this period are characterized by an extremely limited set of instrumentally determined phases, but are accompanied by descriptions of observed macroseismic effects. Previously, the authors proposed a probabilistic method for determining the epicenters and magnitudes of earthquakes based on a joint analysis of their macroseismic and instrumental data. For software implementation of the method, the ProLom program (Probabilistic Locator by Macroseismics) was created. The input data of the program are the values of intensity data points (IDP’s) on the MSK-64 scale and the coordinates of points where the earthquake was observed with these intensities, as well as the arrival times of seismic phases from the bulletins of seismic stations and their coordinates. Based on instrumental and macroseismic data for the test earthquake of May 20, 1967, various combinations of initial data were prepared in order to assess the applicability of the method depending on the distance of seismic stations, the amount of macroseismic information (IDP’s), azimuthal coverage of the source points-intensity values and the range of variations in intensity values. The minimum (boundary) conditions for the applicability of the method were identified: the presence of seismic stations, regardless of the number, at a distance of up to 2000 km from the epicenter and recording of at least two seismic phases, at least 7 IDP’s, and azimuthal coverage of the source with points-intensity values of at least 155°.</div>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 2","pages":"140 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rock Fragmentation Revealed by a Computer Vision Algorithm 用计算机视觉算法揭示岩石破碎

IF 0.3

Seismic Instruments Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3103/S0747923925700215

V. E. Chinkin, A. A. Ostapchuk

{"title":"Rock Fragmentation Revealed by a Computer Vision Algorithm","authors":"V. E. Chinkin, A. A. Ostapchuk","doi":"10.3103/S0747923925700215","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923925700215","url":null,"abstract":"Features of rock deformation and destruction can be traced at different scale levels. Detecting peculiarities of rock destruction under intense deformation is essential for understanding the patterns of rock mass evolution. Here we propose a method of segmentation of images of petrographic thin sections and detection of intact areas and grains to identify microstructural properties of rocks. The segmentation method is based on the combination of a special technique of microstructural analysis (STMA) developed at IGEM RAS and the Richer convolutional features (RCF) multilayer neural network. Estimating the error of determining the size of segments due to a false detection of lineaments (STMA algorithm) and inaccuracy of edge detection (RCF algorithm) was performed basing on the Monte Carlo simulation. The method was used to segment 234 thin sections of rocks making up the central part of Primorsky fault of the Baikal Rift Zone and representing different types of tectonites. Analysis of segmented images showed that at scales from 10–5 to 10–2 m, in 44% of cases, the rock structure obeys a lognormal distribution of the areas of intact segments, and in 3% of cases, a power distribution. The Weibull distribution does not describe the statistics of the areas of intact segments. The result indicates that fragmentation of rocks is not a scale invariant process.","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"61 2","pages":"132 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0