Seismic Instruments最新文献

{"title":"Identifying Synchronous Motions of Spaced Torsion Pendulums in Comparison with Strong Earthquakes","authors":"A. A. Lyubushin,&nbsp;V. P. Matyunin,&nbsp;I. I. Kalinnikov,&nbsp;V. I. Isachenko,&nbsp;A. B. Manukin","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600141","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600141","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synchronous recordings of the readings of two torsion pendulums located at a distance of about 3000 km from each other are considered: in the village of Mosrentgen (New Moscow) and Novosibirsk. The duration of joint records is 1140 days, from August 19, 2022, to October 1, 2025. The hypothesis is considered that the excitation of oscillations of torsion pendulums precedes strong seismic events, including those whose epicenters are located far from the location of measurements. The presence of two synchronous measurement points allows you to get rid of the influence of intense local interference. The amplitudes of the envelopes of the Hilbert–Huang expansions of pendulum records for the first 8 levels of decomposition according to empirical modes of oscillation are considered. In successive time windows of 12 h in length, the correlation coefficients between the amplitudes of the envelopes for all levels are calculated and the points of the largest local extrema of the correlations are considered. The sequence of times of occurrence of maximum local correlations between the amplitudes of the envelopes in time windows of length 12 h is analyzed together with the sequence of seismic events with a magnitude of at least 6 using a parametric model of interacting point processes (influence matrix method). The influence matrix method yields a quantitative measure of the influence of two random time sequences on each other. It is shown that the average value of the components of the influence matrices corresponding to the advance of correlation maxima of seismic events is greater than the reverse influence of earthquakes on the synchronous excitation of pendulums, which is evidence of the existence of a precursor effect. An estimate of the variability of the predictor effect in a sliding time window of 1 year was obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 3","pages":"241 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Methodology for Structural and Tectonophysical Studies Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","authors":"N. A. Gordeev","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600086","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article provides a detailed methodology for studying geological objects using UAVs and subsequent data processing by tectonophysical methods. The strengths of the method and its limitations compared to other practiced approaches are demonstrated. Various software options and their features for image processing and interpretation of results are considered. Particular attention is paid to the use of aerial photography for solving problems of structural geology. The comprehensive methodology for structural and tectonophysical studies using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represents a modern approach to the detailed analysis of geological structures. The use of UAVs for creating a large-scale, remote analysis of surface relief models increases the volume and accuracy of data about the object by 3 times, as well as the speed of their acquisition in the first months. It reduces distortions to almost 5° and the first centimeters in measurements and assessments obtained during a field survey, and allows significantly enriching databases (by three times or more) for structural-geological and tectonophysical mapping. The methodology covers a wide range of tasks: from regional and urban geological mapping and assessment of engineering risks during construction to monitoring blasting operations and studying the history of rock deformation. This opens up the possibility of studying hard-to-reach or hazardous areas of the Earth and creates conditions for reducing the occupational risks for geologists and engineering workers. The information obtained in this way regarding the tectonic evolution of the object and its geodynamic loading stages allows for a better understanding of the main structural features of the studied objects. Despite its effectiveness in capturing geometry, the method has limitations related to the resolution of the sensors (the impossibility of determining mineral composition at the microlevel) and dependence on weather conditions. These shortcomings are compensated by the mandatory integration of remote sensing data with traditional field structural and tectonophysical studies. Additional limitations of the method include enhanced flight control, high requirements for the processing and submission of documents to obtain flight permits, and the cost of equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"138 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Seismic Stations in the Area of the Mutnovsky–Gorely Volcano Group (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)","authors":"A. A. Shakirova,&nbsp;V. V. Yashchuk,&nbsp;S. A. Ostroukhov,&nbsp;D. V. Chebrov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600037","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The active Mutnovsky and Gorely volcanoes have been monitored since 1980, when the first seismic station was installed on the slope of Gorely volcano. In 2008, two more stations were deployed: one near Mutnovsky volcano and one on Asacha volcano. However, the system for seismic observation was far from the perfect; with only three stations in the area, the hypocenters of weak volcanic earthquakes were determined with significant error. In 2024, three additional broadband digital seismic stations were installed within the Mutnovsky–Gorely volcano group. Data from these stations are transmitted in real-time to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. This paper provides a detailed discussion of the configuration of the upgraded seismic network, the specifics of the station installations, and their technical specifications. The additional observation points have also enabled the implementation of video monitoring of the volcanic activity of Gorely and Mutnovsky volcanoes, which was previously unfeasible in this area without the presence of digital stations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"155 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precedent-Based Approach to Earthquake Prediction and Possible Ways of Its Implementation","authors":"D. G. Taimazov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600062","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In our previously proposed earthquake prediction algorithm Scaling-22, only the earthquake catalog and seismic process self-similarity in a wide energy range are used. However, its implementation is difficult in regions with an insufficient level of catalog representativeness, which includes the Eastern Caucasus. In this regard, in this paper we propose a version of this algorithm adapted to such regions—Scaling-25. Instead of past earthquakes, it uses annual increments of geophysical field parameters closely related to deformation processes in the Earth’s crust. These include high-frequency seismic noise, gravity field, vertical crustal movements, the TAU parameter, and conditionally accumulated seismic energy. Replacing regular observations of geophysical fields with repeated ones at 1-year intervals will significantly reduce their resource intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"162 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Using Large-Scale Aerial Photography and Multiple Photography to Study Linear Folding in the Talas Range of the Tien Shan","authors":"F. L. Yakovlev,&nbsp;A. A. Strelnikov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600050","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To address tectonics and geodynamic issues related to the formation of crystalline continental crust, linear folding is studied using field structural geology methods in both hard-copy and digital formats. Using the example of Caledonian fold structures in the Talas Range of the Northern Tien Shan, the results of using several methods for collecting data on the morphology of folded and faulted structures of varying scales are demonstrated. To compile short sections of a structural profile at a scale of 1 : 10 000 to 1 : 1000, conventional measurements of bedding elements (paper techniques) are used in combination with UAV aerial photography of complex areas. UAV photography and multiple digital camera shooting are used to characterize the hinges of large folds with limb widths of up to 0.5 to 1 km. These two types of photographs are transformed using the Agisoft Metashape software into 3D photomodels of these structures, suitable for office study. Multiple photography is also used to study the deformation of minor folds. The resulting description of the structural material at the digital model level is more accurate than recording structures using paper-based technologies, and the material is recorded much more quickly. The results are discussed in relation to the problem of determining the magnitude of shortening for structures of different scales: from “structural cells” (3–5 km along the profile) to small folds measuring a few centimeters.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"178 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FaultViz: A Tool for Managing a Tectonophysical Database of Geological Stress and Strain Indicators","authors":"N. A. Gordeev,&nbsp;A. B. Molchanov,&nbsp;A. V. Marinin","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926600074","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926600074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An approach developed for organizing work with field data on geological stress indicators is described. FaultViz software allows for interactive viewing of a database of field tectonophysical mapping. The procedure for database preparation is described. Specifically developed to optimize the work of structural geologists and tectonophysicists with field data, FaultViz combines elements of the previously developed cataclastic method of Yu.L. Rebetsky and the structural-paragenetic method of L.M. Rastsvetaev. Data management in the program allows for the efficient organization of measurements into samples based on specified parameters (size, kinematics, areal coverage, etc.), significantly accelerating the determination of tectonic stresses using the two aforementioned methods. An illustration of the program’s effectiveness is provided in the article, based on field data from the Western Caucasus and Schmidt Peninsula (Sakhalin Island).</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"124 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy Analysis of the Solution to the Relative Positioning Problem in Airborne Electromagnetics","authors":"E. V. Karshakov,&nbsp;E. A. Tretyakova","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926700118","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926700118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The problem of relative positioning between an alternating magnetic field transmitter and receiver involves determining the position vector between these entities and their mutual orientation. Its relevance stems from the need to enhance the accuracy and reliability of airborne electromagnetic survey data interpretation. This article analyzes the accuracy of solving the relative positioning problem for an electromagnetic field source and receiver. Two key aspects are investigated: first, the imperfection of the transmitter, which is generally not a point dipole; and second, the presence of a response field in the measurements, which is not taken into account when solving the navigation problem. The findings demonstrate that the relative positioning accuracy in a two-dipole field is comparable to that of integrated inertial-satellite navigation systems. The accuracy analysis was conducted using parameters of a modern airborne electromagnetic survey system: EQUATOR.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"114 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microseismic Background in the Conditions of the Yangibazar Observatory","authors":"S. A. Egamberdiyev,&nbsp;A. S. Khusomiddinov,&nbsp;F. F. Ruzimboyev,&nbsp;F. X. Sadirov","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926700088","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926700088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The annual dynamics of the microseismic background recorded in 2024–2025 at the Yangibazar Geophysical Research Observatory were analyzed. Spectral (Fourier, PSD) and cross-correlation analyses were performed using data from the Güralp CMG-6TD digital seismometer. Variations of the microseismic background were compared with geomagnetic storms, groundwater level changes, magnetic anomalies, electrotelluric field variations, and electromagnetic impulses. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of the microseismic background to both internal and external geophysical factors. During strong magnetic storms, amplitude increased by 10–15%, and during groundwater level rise, energy increased in the 2–4 Hz range. The importance of integrated geophysical monitoring for seismic assessment is substantiated.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"91 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Nonmonotonic Nature of Acoustic Radiation Attenuation in a Carbon Massif","authors":"A. V. Shadrin","doi":"10.3103/S074792392670009X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S074792392670009X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article considers methods of forecasting geogasodynamic phenomena in coal mines based on spectral analysis of acoustic radiation generated into an massif by a functioning working body of mining equipment. The prediction by these methods is possible due to the directly proportional dependence of the sound attenuation coefficient in a solid on the frequency and the inversely proportional dependence on the rock pressure. It is assumed that the amplitude of the signal decreases exponentially with increasing distance from the sound emitter to the seismic receiver. However, experiments have shown that the decrease in amplitude with distance does not occur monotonically. It is suggested that this is due to the interference of different types of waves generated by the source and having different propagation velocities. The results of numerical modeling of the interference of longitudinal and transverse vibrations on the amplitude of the resulting acoustic wave attenuation in a coal and rock massif as it moves away from the source are presented. According to the conditions of the problem, the sound source is represented by linear spectra of seven pairs of longitudinal and transverse waves, each of which has the same frequency and initial amplitude, and zero initial phase. The harmonic frequencies, each of which is the sum of the harmonics of the original spectrum in a window with a width of 200 Hz, have frequencies of the middle of the window of, respectively 100, 300, 500, 700, 900, 1100, and 1300 Hz. As a result of modeling, it was found that due to the different longitudinal and transverse wave velocities at some distances from the source, these oscillations come in phase; as a result, the amplitude of the oscillations is summed up, and at other distances, the oscillations come in antiphase and the resulting amplitude is the result of the difference in the amplitudes of the interfering waves. The numerical experiment confirmed the correctness of the assumption about the interference of wave types as a possible reason for the nonmonotonic decrease in the amplitude of the “noise” of the mining combine with distance from it.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"101 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geophysical Studies of Underground Hydraulic Structures: A Case Study of the Old Glubochinsky Water Tunnel","authors":"Vadim A. Davydov,&nbsp;Vitalii Yu. Gorshkov,&nbsp;Aleksei G. Vdovin","doi":"10.3103/S0747923926700106","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0747923926700106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of the article is to study the specific features of geophysical fields and parameters in the area of a man-made underground water tunnel. Self-potential signals (SP) were measured using nonpolarizing electrodes and and ERA-MAX electrical exploration receiver (SPE ERA, St. Petersburg). The magnetic exploration studies were carried out with MMP-203 proton magnetometer (Geological Exploration plant, Leningrad). Electrotomography was carried out using Skala-48 multielectrode electrical survey equipment (LLC KB Electrometry, Novosibirsk) with the Schlumberger symmetrical survey scheme. The microseismic background was recorded using an OMAR-2s autonomous seismic station (IGF UB RAS, Yekaterinburg). The georadar survey was carried out using SIR-3000 ground penetrating radar and antennas with frequencies 100 and 270 MHz (GSSI, USA). Graphs of magnetic and self-potential fields, electrotomographic and microseismic sections, and a radarogram are presented, which are based on the results of surveys on the research profile. The studies show different levels of the magnetic field and SP in the area of volcanic rocks and gabbro–dolerite dikes. A significant increase in microseismic noise with an increase in weathering crust thickness was observed. Above the underground water tunnel, a local decrease in SP, an anomaly of increased values of electrical resistance values, and intense reflections of radio waves from the top of the tunnel were recorded. The geophysical signs of the boundaries between geological structures and man-made underground objects are revealed. The exact position and depth of the old underground water tunnel have been determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":45174,"journal":{"name":"Seismic Instruments","volume":"62 2","pages":"109 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}