Indian Journal of Community Medicine最新文献_第4页

The Spectrum of Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy and Fetomaternal Outcome, A Study from the Premier Institute of Western India. 妊娠期甲状腺功能紊乱的范围和孕产妇的结局，印度西部首屈一指的研究所的一项研究。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_207_23

Ranesh Debbarma, Meenakshi Gothwal, Pratibha Singh, Garima Yadav, Purvi Purohit, Navdeep Kaur Ghuman, Neeraj Gupta

{"title":"The Spectrum of Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy and Fetomaternal Outcome, A Study from the Premier Institute of Western India.","authors":"Ranesh Debbarma, Meenakshi Gothwal, Pratibha Singh, Garima Yadav, Purvi Purohit, Navdeep Kaur Ghuman, Neeraj Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_207_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_207_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroid dysfunction evaluation during pregnancy is important for the mother's health, obstetric outcomes, and the child's cognitive development. This study is conducted to know various thyroid disorders that can occur during antenatal and their impact on mother and fetus outcomes.Materials and methods: This observational research was conducted over two years at a tertiary center in Western Rajasthan, India. Seven hundred and seventy-two low-risk singleton pregnant patients who met the inclusive criteria were recruited. The estimation of T3, T4, and TSH was done along with a routine investigation in antenatal women. Antenatal having abnormal thyroid profiles were then analyzed for mother and fetus problems.Results: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in antenatal women is 16.5%. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was seen in 12.5% of cases, overt hypothyroidism in 3.36%, and subclinical hyperthyroidism in only 0.51% of cases. Anti-TPO was positive in 46 (41.44%) women with hypothyroidism and 1 (25%) with hyperthyroidism. Compared to euthyroid women, women with overt hypothyroid (19.23% vs 3.1%, P = 0.002) and subclinical hypothyroid (9.27% vs 3.1%, P = 0.003) were found to be associated with a higher risk of hypertensive disease. Concerning fetal outcomes. There was a high risk for preterm (12.37% v/s 4.9%, P = 0.004) and fetal growth retardation (FGR) in patients with SCH (7.21% v/s 3.1%, P = 0.04).Conclusion: Considering the significant influence of thyroid disorders on mother and fetus outcomes, the screening for thyroid during pregnancy should be considered universally, particularly in developing countries with high prevalent rates, such as India.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 5","pages":"734-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Erratum: Prevalence of Physical Nicotine Dependence and its Determinants among Tobacco users in the Rural Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India. 勘误：印度泰米尔纳德邦一家三甲医院农村实习区烟草使用者尼古丁依赖症及其决定因素。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_265_24

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Erratum: Cine Medicine in Indian Scenario: A SWOT Analysis. 勘误：印度的电影医学：SWOT 分析。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_267_24

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Erratum: Incidence of Sudden Cardiac Death in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. 勘误：中低收入国家的心脏性猝死发生率：队列研究的系统回顾。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_266_24

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Simplified Sample Size Formulas for Detecting a Medically Important Effect. 检测重要医学效应的简化样本量公式。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_787_23

Abhaya Indrayan, Aman Mishra, Binukumar Bhaskarapillai

{"title":"Simplified Sample Size Formulas for Detecting a Medically Important Effect.","authors":"Abhaya Indrayan, Aman Mishra, Binukumar Bhaskarapillai","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_787_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_787_23","url":null,"abstract":"The sample size is just about the most common question in the minds of many medical researchers. This size determines the reliability of the results and helps to detect a medically important effect when present. Some studies miss an important effect due to inappropriate sample size. Many postgraduate students and established researchers often contact a statistician to help them determine an appropriate sample size for their study. More than 80 formulas are available to calculate sample size for different settings and the choice requires some expertise. Their use is even more difficult because most exact formulas are quite complex. An added difficulty is that different books, software, and websites use different formulas for the same problem. Such discrepancy in the published formulas confounds a biostatistician also. The objective of this communication is to present uniformly looking formulas for many situations together at one place in their simple but correct form, along with the setting where they are applicable. This will help in choosing an appropriate formula for the kind of research one is proposing to do and use it with confidence. This communication is restricted to the sample size required to detect a medically important effect when present - known to the statisticians as the test of hypothesis situation. Such a collection is not available anywhere, not even in any book. The sample size formulas for estimation are different and not discussed here.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 3","pages":"464-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11198523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Post-Marketing Surveillance of the World's First Novel Cocktail of Rabies Monoclonal Antibodies: TwinRab™ in Real -World Setting. 全球首款新型狂犬病单克隆抗体鸡尾酒上市后的监测：TwinRab™ 在真实世界环境中的应用。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_562_23

Muralidhar P Tambe, Malangori A Parande, Mangesh B Nanaware, Nandkumar M Salunke, Trayambak Dutta, Manish Mahajan

{"title":"Post-Marketing Surveillance of the World's First Novel Cocktail of Rabies Monoclonal Antibodies: TwinRab™ in Real -World Setting.","authors":"Muralidhar P Tambe, Malangori A Parande, Mangesh B Nanaware, Nandkumar M Salunke, Trayambak Dutta, Manish Mahajan","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_562_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_562_23","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies presents with a high fatality rate, which imposes a significant global public health challenge, and therefore the use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is crucial for prevention. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a promising substitute for rabies immunoglobulins (RIGs) due to their high efficacy and standardized manufacturing process. A prospective, open-label, post-marketing surveillance study (PMS) was conducted at Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College (BJMC), Pune. The study included patients aged more than 2 years who had recently sustained Category III-suspected rabid animal bite exposures. These patients were administered TwinRabTM at a dosage of 40 IU/kg in and around the wound as intralesional transfer, along with the anti-rabies vaccine (ARV). Adverse events (AEs) grading was performed with reference to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) toxicity grading. In this study, 215 subjects received the TwinRabTM mAb with a 100% completion rate. Out of 215 patients, three (1.3%) patients in the range of 18 to 65 years of age showed solicited local AEs, which were resolved after the appropriate treatment intervention, but causality assessment was non-assessable. The overall tolerability assessment showed positive ratings from doctors (91.63%) and patients (67.91%) for the mAb cocktail. The PMS demonstrated the safety of TwinRabTM in patients who experienced Category III-suspected rabid animal bites, thereby supporting its potential as an alternative option for post-exposure prophylaxis in the management of animal bites for the prevention of rabies.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"443-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Nursing Intervention Strategies and Their Effectiveness on Restless Leg Syndrome and Psycho-Social Problems in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. 护理干预策略及其对慢性肾病患者不安腿综合征和社会心理问题的效果。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_914_22

Prabhjot Kaur, Surinder Jaspal, Tejinder Kaur

{"title":"Nursing Intervention Strategies and Their Effectiveness on Restless Leg Syndrome and Psycho-Social Problems in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.","authors":"Prabhjot Kaur, Surinder Jaspal, Tejinder Kaur","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_914_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_914_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic kidney disease is a global health problem affecting 843.6 million people with 1 million deaths and the 12th leading non-communicable cause of death worldwide. Insomnia is a disturbing problem found in chronic kidney disease patients, leading to physiological problems like fatigue, edema, and restless leg syndrome most of the time. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of nursing intervention strategies on physiological and psycho-social problems.Materials and methods: A quantitative research approach with quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was used to assess the effectiveness of nursing intervention strategies on physiological and psycho-social problems among 30 chronic kidney disease patients, 15 in control and experimental each, admitted in a selected hospital of Punjab. Convenience sampling was used to assign the samples, and data were collected through an interview schedule by using standardized scales. IEC number: 2017/08/5051.Results: The result of the study showed that the baseline restless leg syndrome mean score was 9.67, whereas the psycho-social problem baseline mean score was 79.80, and after post-test, the mean score was reduced to 7.67 in physiological and 66.87 in psycho-social problems in the experimental group. Intervention was found to be effective in reduction of physiological and psycho-social symptoms of chronic kidney disease patients significantly (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusions: The study showed that nursing intervention strategies were effective in reduction of physiological and psycho-social symptoms.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"367-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Erratum: Assessing the Burden of COVID-19 among Children Aged 6-14 Years in Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Survey. 勘误：印度卡纳塔克邦 6-14 岁儿童 COVID-19 负担评估：横断面调查。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_252_24

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Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Patients with Oral Potentially Malignant Conditions/Lesions: A Clinical and Biochemical Study. 评估口腔潜在恶性疾病/肿块患者的血清和唾液乳酸脱氢酶水平：临床和生化研究

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_612_22

Kumuda Rao, Subhas G Babu, Shishir Ram Shetty, Renita Lorina Castelino

{"title":"Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Patients with Oral Potentially Malignant Conditions/Lesions: A Clinical and Biochemical Study.","authors":"Kumuda Rao, Subhas G Babu, Shishir Ram Shetty, Renita Lorina Castelino","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_612_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_612_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral cancer encompasses all malignancies that originate in the oral tissues and remains a major public health problem throughout the world as an important case of poor health and illness. Head and neck cancer accounts for 9.8% of the estimated 6,44,600 incidental cancer cases in India. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a serious and developing concern globally, accounting for more than 90% of malignant cancers of the oral cavity. Salivary diagnostics have been demonstrated to have potential in the detection and screening of oral pre-cancer and cancer in a variety of research settings. The continual and close contact between saliva and the mucosa, where cancer develops, is the foundation of this diagnostic capability.Materials and methods: This research utilized spectrophotometry to quantify Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum and saliva of 30 healthy people which consisted the control group and 31 Oral Potentially Malignant people which constituted the study group.Results: On estimation and comparison, the mean Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum (397.4968+71.6392 IU/L) and saliva (675.4935+139.3352 IU/L) among patients with Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions were higher than the mean Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum (390.8667+71.0953 IU/L) and saliva (201.3700+89.1439 IU/L) among controls.Conclusion: Higher serum and salivary LDH levels in Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions than in control groups signifies the importance of assessing salivary LDH levels, in the prognosis of the same. Further prospective longitudinal studies are required to assess the salivary LDH levels among the patients with malignant transformation of Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions to oral cancers.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"316-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Gender-based Violence and its Predictors: A Cross-sectional Study Among the Adolescents of Madhya Pradesh, Central India. 性别暴力及其预测因素：印度中部中央邦青少年的横断面研究。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_931_22

Surya Bali, Sembagamuthu Sembiah, Jayeeta Burman

{"title":"Gender-based Violence and its Predictors: A Cross-sectional Study Among the Adolescents of Madhya Pradesh, Central India.","authors":"Surya Bali, Sembagamuthu Sembiah, Jayeeta Burman","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_931_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_931_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global public health concern. India's socio-cultural and regional diversity poses challenges for obtaining accurate and comprehensive indicators of gender-based violence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and predictors of GBV among adolescents. This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years in six districts of Madhya Pradesh, the central part of India, from December 2017 to 2019.Methods and material: GBV was assessed using a validated questionnaire adapted from a nationwide survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16.0). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with GBV.Results: The study revealed that 10.4% of adolescents were victims of GBV. The multi-variable logistic regression showed that girls were at higher risk (odds ratio = 5.7) of facing GBV. Other significant factors associated with GBV included older adolescents (15-19 years old), those belonging to scheduled caste/tribal areas, those whose mothers were literate, those who had a boyfriend/girlfriend, and those who justified wife beating.Conclusion: GBV is a serious public health problem among adolescents, with one in every 10 adolescents experiencing GBV. It is essential to instil awareness of gender-equal norms from early childhood and within households. Implementing violence prevention policies and strategies in educational and work institutions, as well as at the community level, is crucial.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"49 2","pages":"386-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0