Indian Journal of Community Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors with Sugar-sweetened Beverages Consumption among Kurdish High-school Children.","authors":"Deldar Morad Abdulah, Saad Jbraeil Sulaiman, Ayoub Abid Abdulmajeed","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_654_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_654_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents' excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has become a global concern due to its detrimental effects on health. We explored the prevalence and associated factors of the consumption of SSB in high-school children in the Kurdistan Region. In this study, we included 560 students randomly from the 152 available high schools in Duhok City in the Kurdistan Region. Both genders of high school children who registered for the academic years 2021-2022 in 32 high schools were eligible. The study found that a considerable number of students did not eat breakfast (32.68%). Mostly, the students had lunch (83.21%) and dinner (53.57%), with 53.57% having extra eating portions. A significant percentage of the students consumed junk food (fast food) more than three times per week (39.82%) and consumed SSB 1-3 times/day (61.07%) at varying frequencies. The study found that 14.64% and 12.86% were overweight and obese, respectively. The prevalence of SSB consumption 4-5 times/week was 47.68% (soda), 21.61% (tea), 34.64% (coffee), 22.50% (energy drink), and 36.25% (juice). A similar prevalence of SSB consumption was found among parents (23.39%) and friends/classmates (20.36%). The male students were more likely to consume tea (<i>P</i> = 0.0104). However, female students were more likely to consume juice and energy drinks (<i>P</i> = 0.004 and <i>P</i> < 0.0001, respectively). Students with lower levels of education were also more likely to consume SSB. The intake of SSB was high among high school children in the Kurdistan Region and was related to gender and parents' consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"385-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Psychological Status of Couples Attending Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Healthcare Institution of New Delhi.","authors":"Sruthi M Vijayan, Sanjeev K Rasania, Anita S Acharya, Nazish Rasheed, Pikee Saxena","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_328_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_328_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, there are 48 million couples and 186 million individuals who live with infertility, and in India, there are approximately 22-23 million infertile couples. Infertility and its treatment can negatively influence the couple's psychological well-being which in turn could affect their fertility and treatment outcome. Most of the studies have focused on the psychosocial stress among women due to infertility and very few studies have seen the impact it has on men. Hence, the objective of the study is to assess the psychological status of the couples attending the infertility clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Couples attending the infertility clinic of Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital (SSKH), New Delhi, were included. The study period was from January 2021 to June 2022. A semi-structured, self-designed interview schedule was used to collect information from study subjects. The DASS-21 questionnaire was used to assess subjects' psychological status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher among wives as compared to husbands (<i>P</i> value < 0.1 in all three psychological states). Depression, anxiety, and stress were found to be more in husbands and wives with primary infertility as compared to those with secondary infertility (however, this finding was found to be significant only in wives in relation to depression, <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher in wives as compared to husbands.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Services in Ahmedabad, India.","authors":"Rujul Shukla, Sahil Solanki, Viral Dave, Bhavesh Modi, Rajesh Solanki","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_416_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_416_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India accounts for the highest burden of tuberculosis cases in the world. Patient satisfaction is a key criterion for evaluating the quality of healthcare services as satisfaction has been found to be associated with superior compliance and better outcomes. Study was planned with the objectives to assess the patient's satisfaction regarding treatment-related services under NTEP.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) Area. A total of 200 participants were included in the study from various zones of AMC. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling was done and patients seeking care at public (126; 63%) and private (74; 37%) healthcare facilities were included. Questionnaire contained questions related to general sociodemographic profile of participants and satisfaction to NTEP service for which, PSQ-18 Questionnaire was utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall satisfaction to NTEP services was found to be 86%. Amongst public healthcare facilities satisfaction was found to be 86.5% whereas in private healthcare facility it was 85.1%. Compliance to TB treatment was found in 91.5% of participants. Domains such as general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctors, and accessibility and convenience were found to be statistically significant at private facility compared with public healthcare facility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statistically significant difference was found between patient satisfaction at public and private health facilities in domains of general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctor, and accessibility and convenience. The same domains at public and private type of healthcare facilities were found to have statistically significant role in treatment compliance by study participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"312-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges Faced by Community Health Officers and Beneficiary Satisfaction Related to Telemedicine Services at Health and Wellness Centers: A Mixed-method Study from a Block of West Bengal.","authors":"Sinjita Dutta, Sreetama Chakrabarti, Mausumi Basu, Sukanta Manna","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_330_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_330_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telemedicine services by community health officers (CHOs) at health and wellness centers (HWCs) in West Bengal were introduced to provide specialist doctors' consultation, faster diagnosis, free treatment, and universal health coverage in rural areas to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases. The challenges and beneficiary satisfaction related to these services are yet to be evaluated. This study was conducted to explore the challenges faced by the CHOs and find out the factors associated with beneficiary satisfaction related to telemedicine services. A mixed-method study with convergent parallel design was conducted among 6 CHOs and 101 beneficiaries attending the HWCs for telemedicine services at Budge Budge-II block, West Bengal, from June to July 2022. Quantitative data were collected using predesigned, pretested, prestructured schedules by face-to-face interview, while one focus-group discussion was conducted among CHOs for qualitative data. Out of 101 beneficiaries, 71.3% were 31-60 years of age, 53.5% were females, and 53.4% were educated at least to the secondary level. 71.3% beneficiaries stated that the average time taken for telemedicine consultation was up to 30 minutes. The challenges faced by the CHOs included doctors' unavailability at a particular time of the day, technical issues with the service portal, time crunch, and meeting the daily fixed patient target. Beneficiary satisfaction was significantly associated with the availability of doctors and time taken for the consultation. The overall satisfaction index of the beneficiaries was 55.8%. Quality services along with beneficiary satisfaction can be improved by ensuring doctors' availability, user-friendly service portals, and appropriate time for each consultation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Social and Behavioral Sciences (Humanities) from People.","authors":"Sunder Lal","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_188_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_188_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"267-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Engagement and Preparedness of Urban Accredited Social Health Activists (U-ASHAs) for Delivery of Tuberculosis (TB) Care: Findings From Two Cities in Maharashtra, India.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_199_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_199_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 225 in vol. 50, PMID: 40124825.].</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Patterns of Road Traffic Accidents in Maharashtra: A Comparative Examination of NCRB and MEMS Databases.","authors":"Biranchi Narayan Jena, Dnyaneshwar Shelke, Shoma Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_773_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_773_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of high incidence of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) has contributed to the burden of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) both in terms of mortality and morbidity. It is very important to have a structured and accurate database for strategizing road safety and associated public health benefits. There are multiple sources of data available for the research of road traffic accidents and road safety. It is utmost necessary to identify the most appropriate data source for RTA research.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current study is based on five years' time series data (2017 to 2021) from two data sources namely National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) and Maharashtra Emergency Medical Services (MEMS). Injury rate and death rate was used along with the trend analysis to define the trend of RTA. Corelation coefficient was used for establishing the patterns of reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra. The data is analysed by using MS Excel and SPSS16.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the databases exhibit a declining trend in the reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra with a CAGR of -1.99% in NCRB and -13.77% in MEMS. Although the number of incidents reported in NCRB is around 40% less than MEMS, both the sources have almost the same number of victims per accident (r= 84%). Injury rate reported in NCRB is around 40% less than the MEMS data and the variation in injury rate in cities is high as per NCRB data than in MEMS data. MEMS data provides a number of information including the severity of injury which may be useful for the analysis and insight generation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both the databases are important in providing crucial information for generating insight and strategies for road safety. A central database in combining both the database would be ideal for the researchers in the areas of injury and road safety. MEMS was the better source in terms of amount of information for epidemiological research in road safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"300-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Practices Regarding e-waste and its Management among Adults Living in Siliguri: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Alapan Bandyopadhyay, Abhijit Mukherjee","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_686_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_686_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India is projected to be one of the largest consumers of electronics and producers of e-waste in the world. There is a dearth of literature regarding the knowledge and practices of the general Indian population regarding e-waste. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices of the general populace of Siliguri regarding electronic waste.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among the households of Siliguri, West Bengal. Consenting adults were interviewed using the questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling strategy was employed for the study to obtain a sample of 375. A researcher-administered questionnaire was used to collect data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the head of the household was 50.2 ± 13.6 years. Most of the households were nuclear families (56.5%), and 34.4% of them belonged to the upper middle socioeconomic class. The households possessed a median of five devices. It was seen that 93.4% knew that e-waste was harmful to their health. The commonest practice regarding the disposal of e-waste was selling these items to recyclers (47.5%). However, 29.3% of the households reported that due to them not knowing what to do with broken electronics, they stored them at home. A majority (84.8%) of the households reported that they did not use any personal protective equipment while handling e-waste.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While the households assessed knew about the harm of e-waste, their knowledge about e-waste disposal was varied. Furthermore, there was a knowledge-practice gap, leading to them either storing e-waste at home or having other improper handling and disposal practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"307-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to Disability-related Healthcare among People with Visual Disability in India: Evidence from a National Sample Survey.","authors":"Ashok Kumar, Praveena Tandon, Gaurav Meratwal","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_440_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_440_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite progress, there are still gaps and inequalities in achieving universal health coverage (UHC), particularly among marginalized populations such as people with visual disability (VD). This study aimed to evaluate access to disability-related healthcare among people with VD in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Survey of Persons with Disabilities in India, the 76^th round of the National Sample Survey (NSS), which was conducted between July 2018 and December 2018, were used in this study. Binomial logistic regression was used to find the association between access to disability-related healthcare and sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of VD in the general population was 0.23%. About 15% of people with VD did not have access to healthcare for disability. Access was lower in the older age group (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =0.68) than in the younger age group, females (AOR = 0.89), persons with low literacy (AOR = 0.72), low consumption expenditure (AOR = 0.60), and people belonging to the scheduled tribes (STs) (AOR = 0.57). Affordability was the leading reason for poor accessibility. About 55% of people with VD had zero out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), 35.8% had monthly OOPE below INR 1000, and 1.3% had monthly OOPE INR >5000.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found gaps in access to healthcare in people with VD in India. This population is falling behind in the core elements of UHC, i.e. affordability and inequality. India should adopt a comprehensive strategy that includes age-specific interventions, improved rural access, measures for socioeconomic equity, gender sensitivity, and expanded public health insurance coverage and social security schemes for people with VD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"337-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Awareness and its Predictors among the Rural Population of Eastern India: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Dinesh Prasad Sahu, Sonu H Subba, Prajna Paramita Giri","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_195_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_195_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global burden of cancer is increasing rapidly. In India, particularly, there is a low level of health awareness and significant information asymmetry. Improving awareness among the general population will bring about better health-seeking behavior and acceptance of screening methods. The study aims to assess the different aspects of cancer awareness and its determinants among the rural population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2017 to August 2018. Data was collected from 1116 participants using a semistructured questionnaire. Information was collected on awareness about different cancers, sources of information, treatability, preventability, and risk factors of cancer. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 (Armonk, NY, IBM Corp.). The level of awareness was presented as a percentage and the Odds ratio was calculated to find out the association between level of awareness and different sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>73.5% of the study participants had heard of cancer. Oral cancer was the most common cancer known to the study participants. Television was the most common source of cancer information. Knowledge about the preventability, treatability, and risk factors of cancer was very low. Tobacco was the most common risk factor identified. Awareness of cancer was found to be significantly associated with educational status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Awareness about general cancers was high, but awareness about specific cancers was low. There is a need to re-look at the health education campaigns about cancer to improve awareness of the rural population. Television and the Internet should be used as an effective medium to generate awareness about cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"324-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}