Indian Journal of Community Medicine最新文献

Anthropometric, Bioelectric, and Visceral Fat Indices to Predict Hypertension in Rural Rohtak, Haryana. 人体测量学、生物电和内脏脂肪指数预测哈里亚纳邦罗塔克农村高血压。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_270_23

B M Vashisht, Arup Saha, Pratibha, Jyotsana, Anil Kumar

{"title":"Anthropometric, Bioelectric, and Visceral Fat Indices to Predict Hypertension in Rural Rohtak, Haryana.","authors":"B M Vashisht, Arup Saha, Pratibha, Jyotsana, Anil Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_270_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_270_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension, which is responsible for many comorbidities like stroke and chronic heart disease, has a prevalence of 29.8% in India. They are many obesity indices; bioelectric and visceral fat indices are seen to be associated with hypertension. The region-specific cutoffs of these indices are important to make amenable policy decisions for the control of noncommunicable diseases. This study aimed to examine the various anthropometric, bioelectric, and visceral fat indicators as predictors of hypertension in adults of rural Rohtak, Haryana.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 adults (18-60 years), who were permanent residents of Chiri Block. Sociodemographic, socioeconomic, dietary, and morbidity data were collected, and measurements for various anthropometric and fat indices were taken using standardized methods. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to calculate the area under the curve (95% confidence interval) for validity and to estimate the optimal cutoff values of anthropometric and other indices.Results: The overall prevalence of obesity (WHO Asia Pacific criteria) was 40.60% (39.60% males, 41.30% females), whereas the prevalence of hypertension (AHA 2017) was 30.90% (34.6% males, 21.4% females). Waist circumference (WC) (0.736), visceral fat level (VFL) (0.723), and waist height ratio (WHtR) (0.717) had the highest area under curve values. Body mass index (BMI) had the highest sensitivity (69.9%), whereas body fat percentage (BFP) had the highest specificity (89.9%).Discussion: WC and WHtR have proven to be superior indicators than BMI. VFL and BFP are emerging indicators, and further exploration needs to be done toward the utilization of these indices directly at the community level for screening purposes.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"295-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Missed Opportunities in Early Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer in Patients in Tamil Nadu - A Mixed Method Study. 泰米尔纳德邦头颈癌患者早期诊断的错失机会-一项混合方法研究。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_534_23

Jayabharathi Srinivasagam, J Kannan, Rohini Srinivasagam, Srinivas Govindharajulu, S Valarmathi, Tamil Selvi Sivagnanam, Srinivasagam Gurusamy

{"title":"Missed Opportunities in Early Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer in Patients in Tamil Nadu - A Mixed Method Study.","authors":"Jayabharathi Srinivasagam, J Kannan, Rohini Srinivasagam, Srinivas Govindharajulu, S Valarmathi, Tamil Selvi Sivagnanam, Srinivasagam Gurusamy","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_534_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_534_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence suggests that cancer-associated mortality and morbidity may be substantially reduced when diagnosed early and prompt treatment is initiated. Assessing the reasons for delays may assist in formulating strategies to enhance treatment outcomes that will benefit the community, health sector, and policymakers. This study aimed to assess the pathways and reasons for head and neck cancer (HNC) diagnostic delays in a South Indian setting.Methodology: The Exploratory Mixed Method analysis was conducted at the Government Royapettah Cancer Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study included 172 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of the stage III to IV of HNC during their first diagnostic examination. Quantitative data were collected from 117 participants using a semi-structured questionnaire, and in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the reasons (qualitative data) for delays. The median delay (both primary and secondary) and the association of the delay with various factors were analyzed.Results: The median primary delay was 86 days, and the secondary delay was 23 days. There was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference in the type of residence (P = 0.018) and importance given to health (P = 0.057) in primary delay. The secondary delay was associated with a family history of smoking/tobacco habits (P = 0.006).Conclusion: Factors causing the delay are evadable and can be reduced by improving health literacy to enhance symptom appraisal and amalgamation of various levels of health care in screening and early diagnosis of HNC.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"344-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Infertility among Married Couples of Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum District. Trivandrum地区Kunnathukal Panchayath已婚夫妇不孕症患病率及相关因素

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_216_23

M S Vannya, Blessed Singh, Christopher Usha, Suba Y Joice, Jibin V Gladston

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Infertility among Married Couples of Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum District.","authors":"M S Vannya, Blessed Singh, Christopher Usha, Suba Y Joice, Jibin V Gladston","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_216_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_216_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility is a serious health issue worldwide, and it has been a neglected area among studies related to maternal and child health. There is a need for evidence-based knowledge regarding the prevalence of infertility and its determinants. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infertility and its associated factors among married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum district.Materials and methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1270 married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath, selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested predesigned semi-structured questionnaire, entered into MS Excel, and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The Chi-square test, Fischer's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used as tests of significance. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find independent predictors of infertility. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significance.Results: Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12%, and among them, majority (65.8%) had primary infertility. The factors found to be significantly associated with infertility are occupation of females, age at time of menarche, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, fibroid uterus, hypothyroidism, and BMI. In multivariate analysis, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility.Conclusion: Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12% in this study, which is almost similar to our state's average (10.5%) according to DLHS-3. Dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility. The preventive and intervention activities addressing infertility should give more priority to these predictors.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"282-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the Bleak Reality of Tobacco Control Policies and Two-Tier Model for Mitigation. 揭示烟草控制政策的惨淡现实和两层缓解模型。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_669_23

Rahul Anand, Gargi Sarode, Namrata Sengupta, Sachin Sarode

引用次数: 0

Mental Health of Women Affected by Gender-based Violence: A Neglected Public Health Domain. 受性别暴力影响妇女的心理健康：一个被忽视的公共卫生领域。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_708_23

Seema Jain, Gargi Pandey

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Associated Factors with Sugar-sweetened Beverages Consumption among Kurdish High-school Children. 库尔德高中儿童含糖饮料消费的患病率及相关因素

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_654_23

Deldar Morad Abdulah, Saad Jbraeil Sulaiman, Ayoub Abid Abdulmajeed

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors with Sugar-sweetened Beverages Consumption among Kurdish High-school Children.","authors":"Deldar Morad Abdulah, Saad Jbraeil Sulaiman, Ayoub Abid Abdulmajeed","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_654_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_654_23","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescents' excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has become a global concern due to its detrimental effects on health. We explored the prevalence and associated factors of the consumption of SSB in high-school children in the Kurdistan Region. In this study, we included 560 students randomly from the 152 available high schools in Duhok City in the Kurdistan Region. Both genders of high school children who registered for the academic years 2021-2022 in 32 high schools were eligible. The study found that a considerable number of students did not eat breakfast (32.68%). Mostly, the students had lunch (83.21%) and dinner (53.57%), with 53.57% having extra eating portions. A significant percentage of the students consumed junk food (fast food) more than three times per week (39.82%) and consumed SSB 1-3 times/day (61.07%) at varying frequencies. The study found that 14.64% and 12.86% were overweight and obese, respectively. The prevalence of SSB consumption 4-5 times/week was 47.68% (soda), 21.61% (tea), 34.64% (coffee), 22.50% (energy drink), and 36.25% (juice). A similar prevalence of SSB consumption was found among parents (23.39%) and friends/classmates (20.36%). The male students were more likely to consume tea (P = 0.0104). However, female students were more likely to consume juice and energy drinks (P = 0.004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Students with lower levels of education were also more likely to consume SSB. The intake of SSB was high among high school children in the Kurdistan Region and was related to gender and parents' consumption.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"385-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study of the Psychological Status of Couples Attending Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Healthcare Institution of New Delhi. 新德里某三级医疗机构不孕不育门诊夫妇心理状态研究

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_328_23

Sruthi M Vijayan, Sanjeev K Rasania, Anita S Acharya, Nazish Rasheed, Pikee Saxena

{"title":"A Study of the Psychological Status of Couples Attending Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Healthcare Institution of New Delhi.","authors":"Sruthi M Vijayan, Sanjeev K Rasania, Anita S Acharya, Nazish Rasheed, Pikee Saxena","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_328_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_328_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally, there are 48 million couples and 186 million individuals who live with infertility, and in India, there are approximately 22-23 million infertile couples. Infertility and its treatment can negatively influence the couple's psychological well-being which in turn could affect their fertility and treatment outcome. Most of the studies have focused on the psychosocial stress among women due to infertility and very few studies have seen the impact it has on men. Hence, the objective of the study is to assess the psychological status of the couples attending the infertility clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution.Materials and methods: Couples attending the infertility clinic of Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital (SSKH), New Delhi, were included. The study period was from January 2021 to June 2022. A semi-structured, self-designed interview schedule was used to collect information from study subjects. The DASS-21 questionnaire was used to assess subjects' psychological status.Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher among wives as compared to husbands (P value < 0.1 in all three psychological states). Depression, anxiety, and stress were found to be more in husbands and wives with primary infertility as compared to those with secondary infertility (however, this finding was found to be significant only in wives in relation to depression, P < 0.05).Conclusion: In general, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher in wives as compared to husbands.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study on Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Services in Ahmedabad, India. 印度艾哈迈达巴德国家消除结核病规划服务的患者满意度评价研究。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_416_23

Rujul Shukla, Sahil Solanki, Viral Dave, Bhavesh Modi, Rajesh Solanki

{"title":"A Study on Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Services in Ahmedabad, India.","authors":"Rujul Shukla, Sahil Solanki, Viral Dave, Bhavesh Modi, Rajesh Solanki","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_416_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_416_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India accounts for the highest burden of tuberculosis cases in the world. Patient satisfaction is a key criterion for evaluating the quality of healthcare services as satisfaction has been found to be associated with superior compliance and better outcomes. Study was planned with the objectives to assess the patient's satisfaction regarding treatment-related services under NTEP.Materials and methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) Area. A total of 200 participants were included in the study from various zones of AMC. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling was done and patients seeking care at public (126; 63%) and private (74; 37%) healthcare facilities were included. Questionnaire contained questions related to general sociodemographic profile of participants and satisfaction to NTEP service for which, PSQ-18 Questionnaire was utilized.Results: Overall satisfaction to NTEP services was found to be 86%. Amongst public healthcare facilities satisfaction was found to be 86.5% whereas in private healthcare facility it was 85.1%. Compliance to TB treatment was found in 91.5% of participants. Domains such as general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctors, and accessibility and convenience were found to be statistically significant at private facility compared with public healthcare facility.Conclusion: Statistically significant difference was found between patient satisfaction at public and private health facilities in domains of general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctor, and accessibility and convenience. The same domains at public and private type of healthcare facilities were found to have statistically significant role in treatment compliance by study participants.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"312-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges Faced by Community Health Officers and Beneficiary Satisfaction Related to Telemedicine Services at Health and Wellness Centers: A Mixed-method Study from a Block of West Bengal. 社区卫生官员面临的挑战和与卫生保健中心远程医疗服务相关的受益人满意度：来自西孟加拉邦一个街区的混合方法研究。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_330_23

Sinjita Dutta, Sreetama Chakrabarti, Mausumi Basu, Sukanta Manna

{"title":"Challenges Faced by Community Health Officers and Beneficiary Satisfaction Related to Telemedicine Services at Health and Wellness Centers: A Mixed-method Study from a Block of West Bengal.","authors":"Sinjita Dutta, Sreetama Chakrabarti, Mausumi Basu, Sukanta Manna","doi":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_330_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_330_23","url":null,"abstract":"Telemedicine services by community health officers (CHOs) at health and wellness centers (HWCs) in West Bengal were introduced to provide specialist doctors' consultation, faster diagnosis, free treatment, and universal health coverage in rural areas to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases. The challenges and beneficiary satisfaction related to these services are yet to be evaluated. This study was conducted to explore the challenges faced by the CHOs and find out the factors associated with beneficiary satisfaction related to telemedicine services. A mixed-method study with convergent parallel design was conducted among 6 CHOs and 101 beneficiaries attending the HWCs for telemedicine services at Budge Budge-II block, West Bengal, from June to July 2022. Quantitative data were collected using predesigned, pretested, prestructured schedules by face-to-face interview, while one focus-group discussion was conducted among CHOs for qualitative data. Out of 101 beneficiaries, 71.3% were 31-60 years of age, 53.5% were females, and 53.4% were educated at least to the secondary level. 71.3% beneficiaries stated that the average time taken for telemedicine consultation was up to 30 minutes. The challenges faced by the CHOs included doctors' unavailability at a particular time of the day, technical issues with the service portal, time crunch, and meeting the daily fixed patient target. Beneficiary satisfaction was significantly associated with the availability of doctors and time taken for the consultation. The overall satisfaction index of the beneficiaries was 55.8%. Quality services along with beneficiary satisfaction can be improved by ensuring doctors' availability, user-friendly service portals, and appropriate time for each consultation.","PeriodicalId":45040,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning Social and Behavioral Sciences (Humanities) from People. 向人们学习社会和行为科学（人文科学）。

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_188_24

Sunder Lal

引用次数: 0