Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology最新文献

{"title":"A case of adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified arising at the sublingual gland","authors":"Yuzo Abe,&nbsp;Yoshiro Saito,&nbsp;Takuma Morita,&nbsp;Yoto Imano,&nbsp;Ryogo Katada,&nbsp;Seigo Ohba,&nbsp;Toshikazu Shimane","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), is a malignant tumor occurring in the salivary glands without any histologically specific features of other salivary gland tumors. The incidence of adenocarcinoma NOS accounts for 16.8 % of all salivary gland malignant tumors, with the parotid gland being the most frequent site and only 1 % occurring in the sublingual gland. Here, we report a case of adenocarcinoma NOS arising in the sublingual gland. A 72-year-old Japanese male presented with a rapidly growing mass on the right side of the oral floor and underwent surgical treatment followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. The tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as high-grade adenocarcinoma NOS. No recurrence or metastasis was observed for 2 years after treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral pleural effusion and right chylothorax after left cervical dissection: A case report","authors":"Kiyoshi Sakai ,&nbsp;Satoshi Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Shiho Usui ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Hideharu Hibi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chylothorax following neck dissection rarely occurs on the contralateral side and typically develops ipsilaterally or bilaterally. Herein, we report an unusual case of bilateral pleural effusion and right-sided chylothorax after left neck dissection in an 81-year-old man. The patient presented with contact pain on the left tongue edge, which was caused by an ill-defined 12 × 6 mm ulcerative lesion with induration. His medical history included polio, and preoperative tests showed restrictive ventilatory impairment. The patient was diagnosed with left-sided tongue cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, T2N1M0) and underwent partial left glossectomy, left neck dissection, and tracheostomy. Postoperatively, pale-yellow fluid draining from the neck suggested chyle leakage, prompting supraclavicular fossa compression. By the seventh day, the bilateral pleural effusion had caused respiratory failure, and the patient required positive-pressure ventilation. Tube feeding was replaced with central venous nutrition on the tenth day. Right chylothorax was confirmed on the eleventh day. Low-fat tube feeding was resumed on Day 27, without chylothorax recurrence. The etiology of the right-sided chylothorax after left neck dissection was attributed to increased intralymphatic pressure from thoracic duct ligation and neck compression, causing duct rupture and lymph fluid spreading to the thoracic cavity via the mediastinum. This case highlights the need for careful post-neck dissection management because of the risk of severe respiratory failure due to chyle leakage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 65-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and risk factors of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with advanced cancer treated with high-dose antiresorptive drugs: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Takashi Baba ,&nbsp;Yu Yamaguma ,&nbsp;Takehito Fukui ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kaneuji ,&nbsp;Koji Kashima ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Yamashita","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Anti-resorptive agents (ARA), such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, are first-line treatments for bone metastases from solid tumors and multiple myeloma. Although these agents effectively inhibit bone resorption, relieve pain associated with bone metastases, and inhibit the growth of bone metastases in malignant diseases, the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) remains a significant concern. In this study, we retrospectively examined patients who received high-dose ARA at our hospital after their initial visit to our department, focusing on their oral condition at the time of the initial visit and at the start of high-dose ARA treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between 2013 and 2023, 91 patients who received high-dose ARA at our hospital after their initial visit to our department with at least 3 months of follow-up were retrospectively investigated from their medical records. We examined various factors that may increase the risk of MRONJ, but we focused on dental conditions at high-dose ARA administration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that sex, steroid use, tooth indicated for extraction at initial visit and tooth indicated for extraction at high-dose ARA administration were significantly associated with MRONJ development. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that steroid use and tooth indicated for extraction at high-dose ARA administration were significantly associated with MRONJ development. (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A pre-treatment dental examination and timely extraction of the indicated tooth prior to high-dose ARA administration may reduce the risk of MRONJ. These findings highlight the importance of early dental intervention in patients receiving high-dose ARA treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic ALK fusion gene-positive lung adenocarcinoma in the mandible with numb chin syndrome as an initial manifestation","authors":"Rei Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kenichiro Uchida ,&nbsp;Ryo Nonaka ,&nbsp;Kento Noda ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Kato ,&nbsp;Hiroki Suda ,&nbsp;Katsuaki Mishima","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numb chin syndrome (NCS) refers to abnormal sensations caused by injury of the inferior alveolar nerve. Causes are often metastatic mandibular tumors and the prognosis is usually poor. We report the case of a 76-year-old man with NCS as a first symptom of metastatic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene-positive lung adenocarcinoma. Initially, metastatic adenocarcinoma was identified as the cause of NCS by a biopsy. Additional tumors were detected in the lungs, liver, and multiple bone sites by imaging. Immunohistochemical analysis of a biopsy sample revealed positive results for cytokeratin (CK)7 and thyroid transcription factor 1 and negative results for CK20. This result suggested the mandibular adenocarcinoma was a metastatic lung tumor. The metastatic tumor showed positive results on break apart analysis of the ALK gene in fluorescent in situ hybridization. Denosumab and alectinib were administered and the patient has survived 8 years without evidence of lung cancer progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 158-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of OSAHS associated with skeletal class II dentofacial anomaly through sagittal mandibular osteogenic distraction of the bilateral branch and box genioplasty: A case report and systematic review","authors":"Pedro Tapia Contreras ,&nbsp;Sofia Díaz Abarza ,&nbsp;Florencia Jollán Peña ,&nbsp;Christopher Reyes Araya ,&nbsp;Jessica Zeballos Cofré","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a significant public health issue affecting 2 %–4 % of adults globally due to its high prevalence and underdiagnosis. It is characterized by airway obstruction, particularly in individuals with craniofacial abnormalities. Surgical interventions, such as mandibular distraction osteogenic (MDO) and maxillomandibular advancement, can correct these abnormalities and improve the airway.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to present a combination of surgical techniques: MDO by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) plus box genioplasty of the mandibular symphysis to optimize the increase in the anteroposterior airway as an initial treatment, before orthognathic surgery or as a definitive treatment in patients with OSAHS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, was performed using searches in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science databases. Various variables were considered and presented comprehensively in tables and figures alongside a case report.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Postoperative analyses demonstrated airway improvements in the 3, 6 and 9 months, with a final relapse of 19.8 % in B point, 30 % in pogonion and 19.6 % in the minimum cross-sectional area<strong>,</strong> respectively. Evaluations showed enhancements in clinical parameters such as saturation, AHI and polysomnographic in the ninth month.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MDO by BSSO plus box genioplasty in adult patients with OSAHS and class II skeletal dentofacial abnormalities significantly increase airway without bone relapse, suggesting an effective therapeutic option for this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 16-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma of the infratemporal fossa in an adult: A favorable long-term outcome","authors":"Chikako Yura ,&nbsp;Wataru Kakuguchi ,&nbsp;Naohiro Ogawa ,&nbsp;Daigo Matsuyama ,&nbsp;Shin Ariga ,&nbsp;Koichi Yasuda ,&nbsp;Taku Maeda ,&nbsp;Aya Yanagawa-Matsuda ,&nbsp;Yuichi Ashikaga ,&nbsp;Yoichi Ohiro","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant soft-tissue tumor of mesenchymal origin, that mainly occurs in children. The current World Health Organization classification recognizes four distinct subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma based on clinicopathological and molecular genetic features. The sclerosing type is less common with no standard treatment. The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma in adults and in patients with sclerosing subtypes is poor. A 31-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of swelling of the right cheek and trismus. Clinical examination revealed a maximum mouth opening of 10 mm, and an elastic hard mass was palpated under the right buccal mucosa. Contrast enhanced computed tomography revealed a well-defined mass, approximately 30 mm in size, with heterogeneous contrast effect, in the right infratemporal fossa with bone resorption. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, a heterogeneous contrast effect, and partially high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen revealed sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma. Clinical examination indicated that complete surgical resection was possible. Accordingly, tumor resection and latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction were performed, followed by postoperative chemoradiotherapy, comprising vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide therapy and radiation therapy (36 Gy/20 fractions). No recurrence or metastasis was observed 45 months after surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of glomus tumor arising from the center of the upper lip","authors":"Jun-ya Okamoto ,&nbsp;Katsuhisa Sekido ,&nbsp;Keishi Hanashiro ,&nbsp;Michiko Okita ,&nbsp;Masashi Harada ,&nbsp;Yasushi Hariya","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glomus tumor is a benign tumor developing from the glomus cells at the arteriovenous anastomosis. It most frequently occurs in the skin of the fingers and toes and in the nail beds, and rarely in the oral region. An 85-year-old female patient presented to our department with a chief complaint of swelling of her upper lip. She was aware of the mass, and requested further treatment upon gradual growth of the lesion. Clinical examination revealed the mass in the center of upper lip beneath the mucosa. The lesion was an elastic soft mass measuring 16 × 14 mm in size. The mass was smooth and dark purplish in color. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the low signal intensity in the T1 weighted image and high signal intensity in the T2 image, and mixed high and low signals within the mass. Ultrasound imaging revealed a uniform mass with a clear border, abundant blood flow signals, and enhanced posterior echoes. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a glomus tumor. Since few papers have reported on the imaging findings of glomus tumors, our case findings will aid in the diagnosis of glomus tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 174-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional correlation between maxillary movement and nasolabial soft tissue changes immediately and 1 year following Le Fort I osteotomy in skeletal class III patients: New insights into nasolabial changes after surgery","authors":"Shinsuke Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Reiko Iwadate ,&nbsp;Keigo Maeda ,&nbsp;Naoki Taniike","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To perform a comprehensive analysis of the three-dimensional effects of Le Fort I osteotomy (LFI) on the nasolabial region in skeletal class III patients by evaluating the three-dimensional movement of the maxilla and assessing its relationship with three-dimensional changes in nasolabial soft tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 20 skeletal class III patients (8 men and 12 women; mean age: 25.0 ± 8.2 years) who underwent LFI using SuperFIXSORB-MX®. We investigated the correlation between maxillary movement and nasolabial soft tissue changes following LFI with detailed three-dimensional computed tomography by surface superimposition preoperatively (T0), 4 days postoperatively (T1), and 1 year postoperatively (T2). The “surgical maxillary movement” was evaluated by surface superimposition of virtual LFI segments at T0 and T1. The “soft tissue change” was evaluated by superimposing an unchanged cranial section of T0 and T2 and measuring the soft tissue reference points set on the soft tissue sections of T0 and T2.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The upward movement of the pronasale and the anterior movement of the subnasale, labiale superior, and alare creases were significantly positively correlated with the anterior movement of point-A; only the labiale superior was significantly positively correlated with the upward movement of point-A. However, the external nasal morphology was not significantly correlated with the movement of point-A.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using the preoperative virtual skull section as a reference enabled a highly detailed evaluation of maxillary movement and corresponding soft tissue changes. This method is expected to contribute to more effective surgical planning and improved patient informed consent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of intraductal papilloma in the buccal mucosa","authors":"Toru Komatani,&nbsp;Azumi Mori,&nbsp;Akihiko Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ductal papilloma is a rare benign tumor that occurs in the oral cavity. Intraductal papilloma has been classified as a subtype of ductal papilloma in the WHO classification since 2024. We report the case of a patient who developed intraductal papilloma of the left buccal mucosa. The patient was a 45-year-old female, who was referred to our department for a mass on her left buccal mucosa. The mass measured 10 mm in diameter. Color Doppler ultrasonography revealed internal blood flow and a well-demarcated internal spotty hypoechoic region. Therefore, tumor resection was performed under local anesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was intraductal papilloma. There has been no recurrence for 2 years since the operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 164-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smokeless tobacco mediated alterations on the prevalence of oral pathogens and interactions of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) with host proteins","authors":"Mohammad Sajid ,&nbsp;Lata Joshi ,&nbsp;Shailendra Shakya ,&nbsp;Mausumi Bharadwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Smokeless tobacco (SLT) product consumption is a major public health concern, especially in Southeast Asian countries, and a risk factor for oral cancer. Interference of host-oral microbiota homeostasis can promote oral cancer progression. SLT use can induce oral microbial population alterations that can contribute to oral pathologies including oral cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we have determined the clinically relevant bacterial phyla and pathogens in the SLT users’ oral cavity (n = 95) and non-users (n = 85). Further, we checked the interaction of tobacco-associated toxic chemicals with the host proteins using the STITCH tool (<span><span>http://stitch.embl.de/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed that the pathogens like <em>Candida</em> sp., <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em>, and Human papillomavirus were significantly high in SLT users, whereas the occurrence of <em>Trichomonas vaginalis</em> was high in non-users. Further, the abundance of bacterial phyla including <em>Actinobacteria</em>, <em>Bacteroidetes</em>, and <em>Fusobacteria,</em> was significantly elevated in SLT users whereas phyla <em>Proteobacteria</em> prevalence was diminished in SLT users compared to non-users. Additionally, we observed that several host proteins including Cytochrome-P450, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors were showing strong interactions with toxic compounds present in SLT like nicotine, NNK, NNAL, NNN, and NAB.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate that SLT consumption can alter the oral bacterial and viral population and influence several proteins in SLT users. Therefore, enrichment of pathogenic bacteria along with depletion of beneficial bacteria can contribute to oral pathologies. This study will assist clinically in connecting the missing dots of pathogen population enrichment in the oral cavity of SLT users due to chewing of SLT products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45034,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 133-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}