Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Mandala Coloring Intervention on Children's Preoperative Anxiety: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study in Iran.","authors":"Reihane Moghimian Shahrbabaki, Ali Omidi, Negin Shaterian, Zohreh Makarem","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_23_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_23_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mandala coloring is a distraction strategy to reduce the anxiety in children. However, it has received little attention for the management of anxiety in hospitalized children. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of mandala coloring on preoperative anxiety in children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial study was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design in two intervention and control groups. The 64 school-age children, who were admitted to the pediatric surgery ward in Mofid Hospital in Tehran, were allocated to the test and control groups, using a single-blind block randomized design. Children in the control group underwent routine preoperative visits. Meanwhile, the children in the intervention group, mandala coloring intervention was done at least one hour before entering the operating room for 15-20 minutes. The level of anxiety was measured through the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, before and after the intervention of both groups. Results were analyzed using <i>t</i>-test and Pearson correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant in post-intervention than the pre-intervention and the children reported a lower level of anxiety (t = 4.51, df = 31, <i>P</i> = 0.01). But, after the intervention, there was not a statistically significant between the intervention and control groups in terms of average trait (t = 1.31, df = 61.86, <i>P</i> = 0.194) and state anxiety levels (t = -0.152, df = 58.94, <i>P</i> = 0.879).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated that likely, mandala coloring intervention was not effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in children. Further studies are needed to more assess the effects of mandala coloring on anxiety of children undergoing surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"421-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Adolescent Suicide Attempters and their Parents in Isfahan, Iran: A Phenomenological Study.","authors":"Athar Izadi, Mahrokh Keshvari","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_260_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_260_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of suicide attempts has increasingly grown over the last few years. Describing and stating the experiences suicide attempters have undergone and the consequences of such actions is of significant importance. Hence, this study was performed to uncover and communicate the experiences of young suicide attempters and their parents through a qualitative method and with a phenomenological approach.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was conducted based on the descriptive phenomenological method. The data collection method was an in-depth, semi-structured interview, and 8 adolescents and 8 parents were interviewed. The collected data were then analyzed using Colaizzi's method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of scrutinizing the data through Colaizzi's analysis, 14 subthemes and 4 main themes (helplessness and feeling unsupported, poor self-esteem, generation gaps, and negative emotions and inappropriate emotional reactions) were derived. The lived experiences of adolescent suicide attempters and their parents indicate that suicide is a complex, painful, and bitter ordeal, and comprehending all of its aspects is not feasible and is hardly achievable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings show that the adolescents were suffering from undesirable and irritating emotional experiences and agitation arising from different factors such as problematic and unsupportive emotional relationships inside and outside the family, generation gap, and losing control of negative emotions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Psychological Health and Workload among Clinical Nurses.","authors":"Marzieh Beljikangarlou, Alireza Dehdashti, Elahe Saleh, Narges Dehnavi, Zahra Davoodi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_201_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_201_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurses are exposed to various occupational stressors that can negatively impact their psychological health and well-being. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify individual and occupational risk factors associated with psychological health and workload among Iranian clinical nurses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 131 nurses at a teaching and training hospital in Semnan, Iran, from April to October 2020. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires assessing psychological health, mental health exhaustion, workload levels, and demographic information. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately half of the participants reported moderate symptoms of psychological health problems. Higher rates of psychological health issues were observed in emergency, gynecology, and internal medicine units. Younger nurses and those with less experience were more likely to report negative feelings toward their job. Extended working hours (12 hours) were associated with increased workload. Significant positive correlations were found between sub-dimensions of psychological health and workload.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that work environment stressors, such as extended working hours and heavy workloads, are associated with job dissatisfaction and exhaustion among clinical nurses. To improve the psychological health and job satisfaction of nurses, it is essential to implement organizational strategies such as reducing overtime work and providing flexible work schedules, particularly for experienced nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"283-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infertility Stigma and Domestic Violence: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Maryam Soruri Zad, Mahboube Taebi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_177_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_177_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infertility stigma is one of the well-known psychosocial problems and can disrupt the mental health of infertile women and their family relationships. This study evaluated the relation between infertility stigma and domestic violence in infertile women.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 300 women who referred to the Fertility and Infertility Center of Isfahan, IRAN (2022-2023) using a convenient sampling method. Data gathering tools were WHO Standard Domestic Violence questionnaire and Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 (Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and multivariate linear regression analysis). This article has been edited based on the STROBE checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) score of infertility stigma was 64.79 (14.70) (out of 100). The mean (SD) score of domestic violence was 10.94 (16.61) (out of 100). There was a significant positive relation between the score of infertility stigma and the total score of domestic violence, physical violence, mental violence, and sexual violence <i>p</i><0.001. The highest correlation was found between mental violence and infertility stigma (r = 0.359). Economic status (<i>p</i> = 0.001), infertility factor (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and infertility stigma <i>p</i><0.001 were predictors of domestic violence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infertility stigma was related with all the aspects of domestic violence. Infertility stigma was a predictor of domestic violence. It is necessary to plan interventions to deal with infertility stigma and domestic violence in infertile women. Psychological counseling should be considered along with infertility treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"441-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiving Burden in Family Caregivers of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Content Analysis Qualitative Study.","authors":"Fateme Beheshtaeen, Zahra Molazem, Majid Najafi Kalyani, Zinat Mohebbi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_129_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_129_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Family caregivers are crucial for the post-discharge recovery of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery. They encounter caregiving burdens in various aspects, affecting their well-being and quality of life. This study explored the contributing and alleviating factors of care burden in family caregivers of patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery through qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this qualitative study, sixteen family caregivers of patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery, were included by purposeful sampling from February to September 2023. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed. Conventional content analysis was used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To explain the factors leading to caregiver burden, the three main categories of onslaught of physical and psychological tension, confrontation with multiple roles and tasks, and lack of resources were identified. Furthermore, the two categories of support systems and adaptive coping emerged as factors that alleviate the care burden. Also, 13 subcategories were extracted from the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Family caregivers of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery face numerous caregiving challenges in different physical, psychological, social, and financial aspects. In addition to strengthening and applying adaptive coping strategies, it is necessary to plan for the educational and psychological needs and financial support of caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"433-440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Gender-Specific Stroke Risks in Diabetic Patients: Insights from a Retrospective Analysis of Contributing Factors.","authors":"Sangroyangla Imchen, S Latha, Sujatha R Kannappan","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_40_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_40_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetics face a higher risk of stroke, and the numbers are rising. In men, gender-specific factors such as lower age and body mass index, and in women, obesity and psychosocial stress contribute to a high risk of stroke. For effective prevention, it is crucial to identify and address these risk factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The electronic medical records between January 2017 and December 2021 of previously diagnosed diabetic patients were obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Mangaluru, South India. It was scrutinized from (January 3, 2022, to March 12, 2022) using a validated checklist consisting of 28 items to identify the contributing factors of stroke (CVI = 0.9 and Cronbach's alpha value = 0.83) Descriptive statistics and inferential tests such as the Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and odds ratio (OR) were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 3152, 569 suffered a stroke, while the remaining 2583 did not have a stroke. Out of 569, the majority were males (63.9%). It was found that coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR: 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-2.07), use of alcohol (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.09-2.29), and smoking (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.29-2.80) were associated with the risk of stroke in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study found that CAD and unhealthy habits such as the use of alcohol and smoking have a significant influence on the development of stroke among men and women with diabetes. Effective implementation of programs through early detection, comprehensive management, and prevention requires collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and educators.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"426-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Anxiety Assessment Scale for Pregnant Women in Labor in an Iranian Population.","authors":"Robab Hasanzadeh, Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi, Elahe Rezazadeh, Mojgan Mirghafourvand","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_407_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_407_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety Assessment Scale for pregnant women in labor (AASPWL), which includes nine items in two subdomains, has been designed as the first specific tool for assessing the anxiety of pregnant mothers in labor. Anxiety is one of the most common psychological complications of mothers in labor and one of the factors affecting the experience of childbirth and maternal delivery satisfaction. Until now, a questionnaire concerning women's anxiety in labor has not yet been used in Iran. This tool can better determine maternal anxiety compared to other general tools and help take necessary measures if needed; however, its validity and reliability have not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of AASPWL in Iranian women.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Through purposive sampling, 180 pregnant women hospitalized for labor between 2021 and 2022 were included in the study. AASPWL was evaluated regarding face and content validity using a quantitative method and construct validity (through confirmatory factor analyses). The questionnaire's reliability was determined using the internal consistency method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the AASPWL instrument were 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. The impact score of all items was above 1.5. The values of the fit indices confirmed the validity of the model. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.72 for factor 1, 0.66 for factor 2, and 0.65 for the whole instrument.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Persian version of AASPWL is a reliable and trustworthy tool for evaluating labor anxiety regarding Iranian women.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"317-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Predictors among Gastrointestinal Cancer Survivors in Iran.","authors":"Musab Ghaderi, Afzal Shamsi, Arman Azadi, Azad Rahmani","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_93_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_93_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quality of life (QoL) is an important indicator for evaluating treatment outcomes among cancer patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess QoL and associated factors among Iranian gastric and colorectal cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This epidemiologic study was conducted among 120 gastric and colorectal cancer survivors in Shahid Ghazi Hospital affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2019. Participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data collection instrument included a demographic and disease-related checklist and cancer-related QoL questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and analyzed by the logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average overall QoL score was 48.98. Based on the threshold, more than half of the participants had a problem in physical performance, cognitive performance, emotional performance, fatigue, pain, and financial subscales. Anemia and marital status were the most predictors in all subscales. HTN and physical activity are the strongest predictors for global QoL subscale and symptom subscale, respectively. These factors predicted a significant proportion of variance for QoL (84% for global QoL, 83.50% for functional subscale, and 67.30% for symptom subscale).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlighted that the QoL level of gastrointestinal cancer patients was low. In our study, anemia, marital status, BUN/Cr, HTN, and physical activity were identified as the most important predictor factors of QoL. Therefore, it seems that the formulation and implementation of supportive care programs that aimed to resolve these health problems can play a crucial role in improving the QoL of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"343-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 Anxiety on Internet Addiction of Medical Students: By Moderating Demographic Variables.","authors":"Khadije J Ghoozlu, Abbas Shamsalinia, Amaneh Mahmoudian, Kiyana Saadati, Fatemeh Ghaffari","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_473_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_473_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most medical students assist in providing services to patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Therefore, promoting their mental health will increase care outcomes. Medical students may use the Internet more than other students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and Internet Addiction (IA) level among students of medical sciences.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on about 710 medical students of Babol Medical Sciences University, Iran, from September 2020 to June 2021. The links of web-based tools were provided through virtual networks. Data were collected using a the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (C-19AS). Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS and SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the present study showed that the mean score of IA was 52.55 (18.31) and most students (41.1%) had moderate IA. The mean score of C-19AS was 18.97 (11.64) and most participants (40.7%) were normal and 30.6% of them had mild COVID-19 anxiety. There was a significant relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and IA (<i>r</i> = 0.20; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The variables of having a history of COVID-19, having a family history of COVID-19, and the amount of daily Internet use played a moderating role in the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and IA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results showed that the IA scores of most students were moderate and most of the students had normal COVID-19 anxiety. Moreover, the IA level increased with increase in COVID-19 anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"293-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Clinical and Laboratory Features of Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Female with Hospitalized COVID-19.","authors":"Muhana F Ilyas, Revi G H Novika, Winastari Y Triniputri, I M E W Pradipta, Ni W P S Ksamawati, Nurul J Wahidah, Hartono Hartono, Lanjar Sumarno","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_86_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_86_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable populations, including pregnant female, is critical due to higher risks and potential complications. This study aims to compare the clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 between pregnant and non-pregnant female.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 245 COVID-19 patients admitted to Universitas Sabellas Maret (UNS) Hospital, Indonesia, from March 2020 to May 2022. Among them, 72 were pregnant, and 173 were non-pregnant. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, and laboratory findings were collected from medical records. Statistical analysis utilized Chi-square or Fisher exact tests, Mann-Whitney or independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant demographic differences were found, except in hospitalization status. Clinically, pregnant female had a higher prevalence of symptoms such as cough (<i>p</i> = 0.002), fatigue (<i>p</i> = 0.025), and shortness of breath (<i>p</i> = 0.035), with no differences in other symptoms or length of stay. Laboratory findings indicated significant differences in White Cell Count (WCC), Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), High Fluorescence Lymphocyte Count (HFLC), lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Red Cell Count (RCC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Hct), Platelet Count (PC), Prothrombin Time (PT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), D-Dimer, and Sodium (<i>p</i> values < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified WCC, lymphocyte percentage, HFLC, neutrophil percentage, PT, INR, D-Dimer, Creatinine, and Potassium as significant predictors of length of stay (R²adj = 0.874, F = 17.979, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pregnant female with COVID-19 exhibited distinct laboratory profiles compared to non-pregnant female. These findings highlight the need for tailored management strategies for COVID-19 in pregnant patients and provide a foundation for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"322-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}