Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating and ranking the factors affecting the acute pain management in older adults with dementia after hip fracture surgery: Second-order confirmatory factor analysis","authors":"Farzaneh Didvar, Fatemeh Ghaffari, A. Shamsalinia","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_386_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_386_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Even though nurses take various measures to decrease acute pain after surgery in older adults with dementia, it is unclear why most of them suffer from severe pain. This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting acute pain management in older adults with dementia after hip fracture surgery. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used single-stage cluster and convenience sampling to select 330 nurses working in hospitals located in Western Mazandaran, Iran, in 2020. The demographic characteristic questionnaire and the Obstacles to Postoperative Pain Management in Dementia Scale (OPOPMDS) were used to collect data. Results: The study results confirmed the modified model. The second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated that the Critical Ratio (CR) for all three factors was more than 1.96, and the significance level was considered 0.05. Based on the values of standard coefficients, older people-related (β = 0.86, p < 0.001), system-related (β = 0.70, p < 0.001), and healthcare provider-related (β = 0.61, p < 0.001) factors had the highest impacts on the OPOPMD. Conclusions: The study results suggested that older adult-related factors had the most significant impact on the OPOPMD.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"751 - 757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do health literacy and awareness of polycystic ovary syndrome predict the lifestyle choices of Arabic-speaking female university students","authors":"Reham Al Maamari, Iman Al Hashmi, Al Anoud Al Dhuli, Ashjan Al Abri, Asma Al Ghaithi, Sakeena Al Sinan","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_355_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_355_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Considering the increasing prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and its related complications—such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and infertility—in the Middle East, it is imperative to create sufficient public awareness about this issue. Accordingly, the potential link between PCOS awareness and health literacy level with the lifestyle choices of Arabic-speaking female university students was examined in this cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in the Sultanate of Oman and involved 446 Arabic-speaking female university students, who completed a self-administered online questionnaire, Single Item Literacy Screener, and PCOS Awareness Tool. Results: The findings showed that, while 53.50% of the study participants had inadequate health literacy, 79.80% demonstrated an acceptable level of PCOS awareness. However, this did not seem to influence their lifestyle, given that 59.20% of the respondents were physically inactive and 83.30% regularly consumed fast food. Regression analysis results nonetheless revealed that health literacy and PCOS awareness were significant predictors of lifestyle choices (F2,44 = 5.98, p < 0.05, 95% CI [4.44–5.35]). Conclusions: The Arabic-speaking female university students' health literacy level and PCOS awareness are significant predictors of their lifestyle choices. Thus, the policymakers in the Arab region need to develop effective strategies aimed at PCOS prevention, focusing specifically on raising public awareness about PCOS and its negative consequences on female reproductive health. In addition, university administrators should ensure the availability of healthy food choices at their campuses as well as opportunities for physical activity to promote healthy lifestyle among all students.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"190 1","pages":"707 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural model of family caregiver for elderly with dementia","authors":"Hidayatus Sya’diyah, N. Nursalam, Mahmudah Mahmudah, Ferry Efendy","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_249_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_249_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The number of older people with dementia was continuously increasing globally. Unfortunately, many of them had received inappropriate medical treatment to overcome the dementia they suffered. This current research aimed to analyze the factors that affected family-based caregiver empowerment. Materials and Methods: An analytic observational method with a cross-sectional approach was applied. The population was all families with dementia elderly in East Java, Indonesia, in 2021, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample size was determined to be 100 respondents. Results: The results showed that the factors (i.e., elderly factors, family factors, health service factors, family's filial value, family assessment, and the need for care) had significant effects directly or indirectly on the family's ability to do home care. Conclusions: Factors that influenced directly (i.e., elderly factors, family factors, family assessment, and care needs) and indirectly (i.e., health service factors) were essential in constructing a structural model of family care for the elderly with dementia.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"184 1","pages":"730 - 734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile phone app-based or face-to-face pulmonary rehabilitation in COVID-19 survivors","authors":"V. Atashi, Marzieh Hashemi, S. Haghighat, R. Sadegh, R. Sami, Mobina Bahadori","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_337_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_337_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is recommended as a standard, effective, and important treatment for COVID-19 survivors who remain symptomatic after the acute phase. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effect of mobile phone-based PR application with face-to-face PR on the quality of life, anxiety, depression, and daily life activities of COVID-19 survivors. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental was conducted on 65 COVID-19 survivors during 2022. Convenient sampling was done based on the inclusion criteria. The intervention group (n = 31) received PR through a mobile phone application, and the control group (n = 34) received face-to-face PR. Data were collected before and after the intervention in both groups using a demographic information questionnaire, SF-12, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, and Barthel scale. For all tests, a maximum error of 5% was considered. Results: The two studied groups had no statistically significant difference with respect to all the investigated variables at baseline (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean anxiety and depression score of the patients in the control group was significantly lower than the intervention group (t = −3.46, f = 63, p = 0.01). After our intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean quality of life and daily life activity scores between the two groups (t = −0.68, f = 63, p > 0.05). Conclusions: The application of PR does not show a statistically significant difference in terms of improving the quality of life and daily activities compared with the face-to-face method; we suggest that the PR application be used as a cost-effective method when face-to-face PR is not possible.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"116 1","pages":"699 - 706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal caregivers and care burden in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"M. Amiresmaili, Reza Goudarzi, Leila Agoush","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_343_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_343_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase in the average age of the population, the decrease in the size of the household and rising in the number of working women impose an increasing burden on home caregivers in Iran. The aim of this study was to measure care burden of informal caregivers in Iran through systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted by using national and international databases of Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and IranDoc papers in English and Persian language up to the first half of 2020. In this meta-analysis, we calculated the pooled care burden and 95% confidence intervals in Statistical Software For Data Science (STATA) V.15. Results: Forty-four papers were included in the current study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria comprising of 8626 samples. Pooled mean of Burden of Care was 52.01 (95% CI: 48.21-55.82). Highest pooled mean(SD) of care burden (64.37) was related to caregivers of schizophrenia patients (95% CI: 56.09–72.64). Highest care burden (53.45) was observed in most deprived areas (95%CI = 47.05–59.86). A statistically significant relationship was observed between caregivers gender and care burden (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The reported care burden of informal caregivers requires the establishment of a support system to control mental and physical stress. Due to the dispersion and cultural diversity in Iran, more studies are needed to obtain more accurate data.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"649 - 658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for improving nurses' performance regarding cardiovascular patient's adherence to treatment regimen: Content analysis","authors":"Soroor Parvizey, Yaghoub Nadery, P. Khorasani, A. Feizi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patient adherence to the treatment regimen is an important goal of treatment; finding appropriate strategies to improve treatment adherence is a nursing challenge. This study aimed to explore strategies to improve nurses' performance to enhance cardiovascular patients' adherence to treatment regimens. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative content analysis study that was performed in an educational hospital of the Urmia University of Medical Science. Data were collected through semi-structured individual and group interviews. Sixteen individual interviews were conducted with nurses, patients, and physicians. A focus group was conducted with the presence of six nurses and nursing managers. Data were analyzed by conventional content analysis using MAXQDA 2020. Results: After analyzing the interviews, five strategies were explored; these strategies include: follow-up of the patient after discharge (systemic and organizational follow-up, educational follow-up, counseling follow-up, and motivational follow-up), sending reminders for necessary cases to the patients (risk reminders, care reminders); improving patient education methods (modern and up-to-date education, conventional and routine education), improving support services (home care services, social support, Psychological support), and optimizing the structure and processes of the hospital (making structural changes, making process changes). Conclusions: Much needs to be done to improve patient's adherence to treatment. Nurses are at the forefront of this work. In this study, we introduced ways to improve nurses' performance in order to increase patient adherence.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"280 1","pages":"758 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors related to professional self-concept of nursing students and nurses: A systematic review","authors":"I. Juanamasta, Y. Aungsuroch, S. Preechawong, J. Gunawan","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.Ijnmr_222_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.Ijnmr_222_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Some nurses leave their job because of working conditions, which will affect nurse turnover. Patients perceive that those nurses are distrustful, and feel unsatisfied, with patients' complaints about nursing service. This study explored factors about the professional self-concept of nursing students and nurses. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of cross-sectional studies followed PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were used from 1982 to August 2020 with the terms “factors” AND “nurse” AND “professional” AND “self-concept.” A total of 19 out of 4,349 articles were used for analysis. Joanna Brings Institute critical appraisal tools for the analytical cross-sectional studies were used in this study, and narrative synthesis was used to analyze data. Results: Professional self-concept of clinical nurses is influenced by including organizational or job factors, and individual and emotional factors. Job factors consist of organizational support, professional ethic, clinical ladder system, nursing experience, position, and time. Besides, sex, age, marital status, education, health status, healthy lifestyle, and experience were categorized as individual factors. Emotional factors were as follows: interpersonal relationships, spiritual growth, management stress, and self-description. Meanwhile, student nurses are influenced by including personal (degree of study and sex), emotions (emotional intelligence, and interest in the nursing profession), and external factors (nursing courses, peer-mentoring experience, and academic burnout). Conclusions: Thus, individual factors and emotions have a vital role in constructing clinical nurses' professional self-concept as student nurses. Improving individual and emotional/personal aspects will positively increase professional self-concept.","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"642 - 648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Status of Geriatric In-Hospital Nursing Care from the Perspective of Nurses Working in the Emergency Department of Hospitals in the Northwest of Iran in 2020.","authors":"Indira Modarres Sadraei,&nbsp;Behrouz Dadkhah,&nbsp;Naser Mozaffari,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Mohammadi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_238_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_238_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The evaluation of geriatric care in the emergency departments is necessary to improve the quality of care. This study aimed to determine the status of geriatric nursing care from the perspective of nurses working in the emergency department of hospitals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was a cross-sectional research study. Through census sampling, 252 nurses working in the emergency departments of hospitals of Ardabil Province were selected. The status of elderly care was assessed using the Geriatric In-Hospital Nursing Care Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent and one-sample t-tests and analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (GerINCQ) score of the participants [mean (SD): 237.30 (75.30)] was significantly higher than the criterion score (201) (p = 0.001). The scores of the sub-scales of perception of elderly care [mean (SD): 45.42 (7.53)], aging-sensitive care delivery [mean (SD): 41.55 (10.25)], professional responsibility [mean (SD): 39.62 (9.86)], and attitude toward caring for elderly [mean (SD): 56.14 (12.53)] were significantly higher than the standard score (p = 0.001). However, the score of performed intervention [mean (SD): 38.36 (8.42)] was significantly (p = 0.02) lower than the criterion score (39). The score of professional responsibility and attitude toward elderly care was higher in women than men, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results showed that aging-coordinated care delivery, professional responsibility, and attitudes and perceptions of nurses toward elderly care were satisfactory, but performed intervention was unfavorable. According to the results of this study, nursing service managers can improve the quality of elderly nursing care through appropriate policies, fixing the workforce shortage, and closely monitoring elderly care in the emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"28 5","pages":"575-580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/c0/IJNMR-28-575.PMC10588914.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Auriculotherapy on Nausea, Vomiting, and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section with Spinal Anesthesia: A Clinical Trial Study.","authors":"Fatemeh Sadat Mousavi,&nbsp;Nahid Golmakani,&nbsp;Zahra Mohebbi-Dehnavi,&nbsp;Somayeh Barzanooni,&nbsp;Ahmad Hormati,&nbsp;Hamid Abdi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_463_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_463_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nausea, vomiting, and anxiety are common complications during and after spinal anesthesia. Auriculotherapy as a complementary medicine can be useful for reducing nausea, vomiting, or anxiety. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of auriculotherapy on nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in patients undergoing elective Cesarean Section (CS) with spinal anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present study was a clinical trial study that was performed on 56 pregnant women selected as CS candidates in Ommolbanin Hospital in Mashhad during the years 2016-2017. In the intervention group, 1 h before spinal anesthesia, auricular acupoint stimulation was performed at four points bilaterally, for 20-30 seconds at each point. Evaluations were done by the following questionnaires: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Vomiting Assessment Form.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean anxiety (SD) before the intervention in the intervention group and the control group was 47.88 (8.67) and 47.84 (10.49), respectively, and 4 h after the intervention, it was 40.23 (10.19) and 42.88 (12.18) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. These results were significant in the intervention group (<i>p</i> = 0.008). 30-40 min before and 4 h after the surgery, the severity of nausea and vomiting was low in both groups and no significant difference was observed between the two groups during the surgery and in the recovery room (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the results, auriculotherapy could reduce anxiety in CS patients with spinal analgesia. The results also showed that auriculotherapy reduced the severity of nausea and vomiting, but these changes were not significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"28 5","pages":"587-592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e7/c7/IJNMR-28-587.PMC10588916.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing the Psychosocial Support Needs of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: A Delphi Study.","authors":"Nahid Javadifar,&nbsp;Shahla Faal Siahkal,&nbsp;Mahin Najafian,&nbsp;Mina Iravani,&nbsp;Mehrnoosh Zakerkish,&nbsp;Rasoul Heshmati","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_90_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_90_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, and the psychosocial health of women suffering from this condition affects their adherence to treatment and self-efficacy. However, since it is not possible to design interventions dealing with all of these needs, the aim of this study was to prioritize the psychosocial supportive needs of women with gestational diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a modified Delphi design study involving 22 experts who were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The study was conducted between April 2021 and June 2021. First, the psychosocial needs of diabetic pregnant women were extracted through a qualitative study involving interviews with multidisciplinary specialists and diabetic pregnant mothers (22 participants) and a systematic review of reputable scientific databases. Throughout the two Delphi stages, the questionnaire was classified, quantified, and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results of this study, the following are the top priorities when addressing the psychosocial needs of mothers with gestational diabetes: paying attention to and identifying the mother's worries and anxiety, husband and family support for diabetic pregnant women, the inclusion of specialized nutrition counseling services in mothers' treatment plan, timely education of mothers about diabetes and its complications, and proper nutrition for diabetic mothers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The priorities of the supportive needs obtained in this study can be used to design interventions aimed at promoting psychosocial health, reducing stress and anxiety, and improving medication adherence in women with gestational diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"28 5","pages":"520-527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/7e/IJNMR-28-520.PMC10588923.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}