Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Association between Participation in a Municipality-led Walking Program and Readiness for Lifestyle Improvement among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Retrospective Comparative Study Using Linked Administrative Data.","authors":"Takeshi Miura, Makoto Kuroki, Sayuri Shimizu","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0200","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Promoting physical activity among older adults is essential for extending healthy life expectancy. Municipality-led walking programs have been introduced in Japan; however, evidence of their effectiveness in promoting readiness for lifestyle improvement among older adults remains limited. We examined the association between participation in a municipality-led walking promotion program and readiness for lifestyle improvement among community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years who participated in a municipality-led walking promotion program implemented in Zushi City, Japan, in 2021, were compared with those of non-participants selected from the National Health Insurance database. Behavioral readiness was evaluated using the five-stage classification of the transtheoretical model. Pre- and post-intervention stages were assessed in both groups. Associations between participation and behavioral stage were examined using ordinal logistic regression with unadjusted, basic-adjusted, and fully adjusted models, controlling for baseline stage and habitual exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the walking event had higher odds of being at a higher readiness stage than non-participants (unadjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.91; basic-adjusted OR=2.99; fully adjusted OR=2.98). Analyses using a dichotomized transtheoretical model variable also indicated consistently higher odds of being in the action or maintenance stages among participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that short-term, municipality-led walking initiatives contribute to early-stage behavioral readiness for lifestyle improvement in older adults. They provide a valuable foundation for planning community-based health promotion and long-term care prevention strategies. Further studies are needed to evaluate similar programs across different settings and over more extended periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"151-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Intensity Statin Therapy and Functional Independence after Acute Ischemic Stroke in Adults Aged 75 years and Older: A Retrospective, Single-Center Cohort Study.","authors":"Hyerim Choi, Eung-Joon Lee, Mee Jee Kim, Ga Hyun Kim, Shinwoong Kim, Namhee Kim, Jeong Yeon Seok, A Jeong Kim, Yun Hee Jo, Yoonsook Cho, Keun-Hwa Jung","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0202","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older patients aged ≥75 years are underrepresented in major statin trials, leaving the optimal statin intensity after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undefined. We aimed to compare functional outcomes and short-term safety between high-intensity statin therapy (HIST) and moderate-intensity statin therapy (MIST) in patients aged ≥75 years with AIS or transient ischemic attack.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a prospective stroke registry at a single tertiary center (2019-2022), we retrospectively analyzed 337 patients aged ≥75 years with AIS or transient ischemic attack who maintained statin therapy for 3 months (HIST n=117; MIST n=220). The primary outcome was a favorable 3-month functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2). Secondary outcomes included stroke recurrence, adverse effects, and statin discontinuation. Multivariable logistic regression with pre-specified sensitivity analyses was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Favorable outcomes at 3 months were more frequent with HIST (70.9% vs. 55.9%; p=0.010). After multivariable adjustment, HIST was independently associated with a favorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-3.53), consistent across sensitivity analyses: per-protocol (aOR=3.48, 95% CI 1.97-6.17) and atrial fibrillation-adjusted (aOR=2.21, 95% CI 1.26-3.89). No significant differences were observed in statin discontinuation, stroke recurrence, or adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older patients with AIS, HIST was independently associated with better functional outcomes without evidence of increased harm, broadly consistent with current guideline recommendations for HIST when tolerated. Prospective studies are needed to confirm a causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"170-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Polypharmacy and Handgrip Strength in Older Patients undergoing Convalescent Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yukari Ogawa, Masaharu Sakoh, Futoshi Nibe, Kiyoshi Mihara","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0044","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handgrip strength (HGS) is a widely used indicator of muscle strength and physical performance, and its recovery in rehabilitation reflects functional improvement. Although polypharmacy is common among older patients and associated with functional decline, its impact on muscle strength recovery during convalescent rehabilitation remains unclear. We investigated the association between polypharmacy and in-hospital HGS recovery and its modification by cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included patients aged ≥65 years admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation hospital between April 2017 and March 2024. Polypharmacy was defined as using six or more regular prescription medications at discharge. HGS recovery was calculated as the logarithmic ratio of discharge to admission HGS. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed with stratification by cognitive status, and multivariate logistic regression analysis examined the association between polypharmacy and medications associated with muscle weakness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,650 patients analyzed, 1,350 had low HGS and 300 had normal HGS at admission. In the low-HGS group, polypharmacy was independently associated with poorer HGS recovery (B=-0.064), corresponding to approximately 6% lower improvement. Stratified analyses showed that the association was significant in patients with cognitive impairment but not in patients without cognitive impairment. No significant association was found in patients with normal HGS. Polypharmacy was strongly associated with use of medications known to adversely affect muscle function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polypharmacy was associated with poorer HGS only in patients with low baseline HGS, and stratified analyses suggested a stronger association in those with cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"180-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in the Association between Frailty and Disability over 10 Years: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Akikazu Hagiyama, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0118","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although frailty is associated with disability, its long-term persistence and changes over time remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the long-term association between frailty and the incidence of disability over a 10-year follow-up period, evaluating how this association changed over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study was conducted in Okayama City, Japan. Community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were included. Frailty was assessed using the Kihon Checklist, and disability was defined as a new certification for long-term care insurance. The association between frailty and disability was examined across five time periods (years 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, and 9-10) using a marginal structural model with inverse probability of treatment weighting and inverse probability of censoring weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 45,291 participants, with 17.3% classified as frail. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the association between frailty and the incidence of disability gradually decreased over time but remained throughout the 10-year follow-up period. The adjusted ORs and 95% confidence intervals were 2.90 (2.55-3.29) for years 1-2, 2.40 (2.09-2.75) for years 3-4, 2.03 (1.76-2.34) for years 5-6, 1.75 (1.52-2.01) for years 7-8, and 1.58 (1.38-1.82) for years 9-10.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frailty was consistently associated with the incidence of disability over a 10-year follow-up period, with a stronger association in the earlier years and a gradual decline over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":"30 2","pages":"143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare Providers' perspectives on the adoption of Smart Care Technologies in Korean Long-Term Care Hospitals.","authors":"Seok Gyu Kim, Soong-Nang Jang, Hyuk Ga","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0019","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many smart care technologies have been developed recently, but it remains unclear which of them are necessary for use in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 114 physicians, registered nurses (RNs), nurse assistants (NAs), and care assistants (CAs) from eight LTCHs completed a survey assessing perceived needs for 10 smart care technologies using 5-point Likert scales. One-sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Scheffé post-hoc tests, Friedman tests, and simple linear regression were used to examine differences by occupation and hospital characteristics. Additionally, focus group interviews with 10 participants were done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean perceived need for smart care technologies was 3.99, with the highest ratings for smart mattresses (4.14), all-in-one patient transfer robots (4.09), and smart monitoring systems (4.06). Regarding the most preferred by occupation, physicians chose smart monitoring systems (4.19) and leg-care devices (4.19), RNs chose smart mattresses (4.11), NAs chose radar-based fall detection devices (4.22), and CAs chose all-in-one patient transport robots (4.36). Perceived need for smart care technologies was higher in LTCHs with lower monthly family fees and in those without a rehabilitation service, explaining 42.8% and 10.8% of the variability, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smart care technologies were seen as necessary in LTCHs, but the types of technologies considered most important differed by occupational role and hospital characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"208-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-existence of Possible Sarcopenia and Dysphagia is Associated with Poor Functional Outcomes in Patients with Acute Stroke: A 1-Year Follow-up Study.","authors":"Yoichi Sato, Takafumi Abe, Yosuke Kimura, Shu Tanaka, Kazuki Okuda, Ayaki Shirahata, Kenta Yamamoto, Kazushige Ide, Masafumi Nozoe","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0002","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to clarify the association between the co-existence of possible sarcopenia (PS) and dysphagia in patients with acute stroke and the functional outcomes 12 months after stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with stroke admitted to two acute care hospitals in Japan between November 2020 and October 2023. PS was defined based on grip strength (males &lt;28 kg, females &lt;18 kg) and calf circumference (males &lt;34 cm, females &lt;33 cm) on admission. Dysphagia was defined as a Functional Oral Intake Scale score of less than 4. The outcome was defined as a composite of either poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 3-6) or failure to recover to the premorbid mRS at 12 months after stroke onset. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the association between the co-existence of PS and dysphagia and poor functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 604 patients (median age 76 years; 367 men). Compared with the non-PS and non-dysphagia group, the PS and dysphagia group had a higher proportion of poor functional outcomes. Subsequently, modified Poisson regression analysis was performed. The interaction between PS and dysphagia was significantly associated with poor functional outcomes (risk ratio=4.348, 95% confidence interval 2.683-7.046).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with acute stroke, the co-existence of PS and dysphagia was associated with poor functional outcomes 12 months after stroke. Future multicenter prospective interventional studies are required to clarify the effectiveness of multifaceted intervention programs in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Fear of Crime and Symptom Burden among Non-victimized Older Adults: Findings from the Swedish Population-Based Study \"Good Aging in Skåne\".","authors":"Emil Larsson, Sölve Elmståhl, Henrik Ekström","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0186","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although older adults are statistically less likely to be exposed to crime, they tend to worry more about it compared to younger adults. Fear of crime (FOC) has been associated with lower life satisfaction, dependence in activities of daily living, poorer mental health, and reduced self-reported physical health. Few studies have compared different age groups among older adults or examined its relationship with various symptoms of common diseases. This study aimed to improve understanding of the association between behavioral FOC and symptom burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study comprised 5,832 participants aged 60-96 years from the Swedish \"Good Aging in Skåne\" general population study. Data were collected through questionnaires, medical examinations, and patient journal reviews. Linear and logistic regression models, adjusted for age, gender, sociodemographic and health factors, were used to examine associations between FOC, the number of perceived symptoms, and prevalence of different symptom domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 34.7% of participants reported refraining from going out in the evening at least occasionally due to fear of crime or threats during the past year, with higher prevalence among women and individuals aged 70 years and older. Statistically significant associations were found between FOC and both the number of reported symptoms and several symptom domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fear of crime is common among older adults, particularly in women, and is associated with an increased total number of symptoms and certain symptom domains. FOC should be recognized as a crucial factor influencing older adults' lives, with extensive health consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"255-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone Therapy is Associated with Better Cognitive Performance in Postmenopausal Women: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).","authors":"Paula Amado-Riveros, Efrain Riveros-Perez","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0180","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease is more prevalent among females. Estrogens influence brain metabolism and function, and low blood levels before, during, and after menopause may be associated with cognitive decline in later years. Here, we investigate the association between hormone therapy and reproductive lifespan with cognitive performance using a nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1,374 eligible women aged 60 years or older from the NHANES database. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word learning subtest, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to evaluate the association between hormone therapy, reproductive span, and cognitive performance. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the relationship between age as a continuous variable and cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for age, race, and educational level, hormone therapy was significantly associated with word recall, digit symbol, and animal fluency cognitive performance (p &lt; 0.05). The reproductive span was associated with word recall performance (p = 0.027) but not with digit symbol or animal fluency. The age-related cognitive decline is attenuated by hormone therapy with maximum effect between 65 and 70 years for all dimensions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a positive association between hormone therapy and cognitive performance in postmenopausal women, particularly in age groups with the steeper decline. In addition, there is no significant association between reproductive span and cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":"30 2","pages":"236-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13333210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Series on Longitudinal Hypothalamic Morphology in Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan, Melvin Barrientos Marzan, Xiaoling Wang, Benjamin Billot","doi":"10.4235/agmr.25.0122","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.25.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the longitudinal hypothalamic morphology in the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We used multivariable linear modelling to differentiate the structural volumetric change in the hypothalamic nuclei in nine females who developed MCI after 5 years and 61 healthy controls. We found significantly decreased left anterior-inferior (p&lt;0.01), left anterior-superior (p&lt;0.05), and left posterior (p&lt;0.01) hypothalamic regions among females with MCI compared to healthy controls. There was also a significant asymmetry at the anterior-superior hypothalamus (p&lt;0.05) in MCI females than in healthy controls. Thus, the degradation of the specific left hypothalamic subregions and leftward lateralization over time highlight the impact of early- stage MCI on the morphology of hypothalamus.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"285-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction Frequency, Interaction Satisfaction, and Physical Frailty by Living Arrangement among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.","authors":"Ayuka Kawakami, Osamu Katayama, Ryo Yamaguchi, Takahiro Shimoda, Chika Nakajima, Daiki Yamagiwa, Shoma Akaida, Hiroyuki Shimada","doi":"10.4235/agmr.26.0006","DOIUrl":"10.4235/agmr.26.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Living alone and limited social interaction are associated with frailty, while low satisfaction with interactions is associated with negative health outcomes. However, the effects of living arrangements, interaction frequency, and interaction satisfaction on physical frailty remain unclear. This study examined the associations among living arrangements, the frequency and satisfaction of social interactions, and physical frailty among community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5,538 community-dwelling adults aged 60 or older living in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria evaluated physical frailty. Frequency and satisfaction of social interactions were evaluated using the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Social Network Scale (SNS). Logistic regression analysis was conducted by living arrangement, with physical frailty as the dependent variable and the SNS as the explanatory variable. In the sensitivity analysis, SNS was categorized into two groups based on the median, then combined with living arrangements into four groups to examine the association with physical frailty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 338 (6.3%) participants were classified as physically frail. Participants with high SNS scores showed significantly lower odds of physical frailty regardless of living arrangement (OR: 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.80; OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.96). Sensitivity analysis similarly showed the high SNS group had lower ORs for physical frailty, regardless of living arrangements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High frequency and satisfaction with social interactions were negatively associated with physical frailty, suggesting that enhancing both aspects of social engagement may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":44729,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research","volume":" ","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}