Psychologie Francaise最新文献

{"title":"Comment passer de la diffusion des neuromythes à l’adoption de pratiques fondées sur des données probantes en éducation ?","authors":"Marina Tual ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Blondelle ,&nbsp;Clément Bailleul ,&nbsp;Anna Schmitt ,&nbsp;Mathieu Hainselin","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enthusiasm for cognitive neuroscience has been accompanied by the dissemination of neuromyths. Despite the large number of international publications on this topic, we found that the French literature was comparatively less extensive. Having said that, given the potential negative effects of neuromyths on teaching practices, we produced a summary based on several recent literature reviews. Our objectives are: (1) to identify this phenomenon in the light of international publications and to synthesize the results in French; (2) to identify the factors involved in the creation, dissemination, and maintenance of neuromyths within the educational community; (3) to propose concrete solutions aimed at professionals in the field. Future research prospects are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 4","pages":"Pages 353-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Étude des stratégies d’orientation des personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle par une approche oculométrique","authors":"A. Struyf ,&nbsp;L. Sparrow ,&nbsp;Y. Courbois","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>People with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience difficulties in memorizing and selecting landmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate differences in landmark observation during a path learning task in a virtual environment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The eye movements of 19 people with ID and 11 typically developing individuals were compared in a path learning task involving 12 Y-intersections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that participants with ID were more likely to observe areas without landmarks, and had a lower observation time for landmarks congruent with the direction of path. Similarly, the concordance between the direction taken by the gaze (right or left) and the directional response emitted by the participant (to the right or to the left) was higher in typically developing individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the presence of difficulties from the very first visual interaction with the environment, and contributes to the knowledge needed to design navigational aid systems adapted to people with ID. New perspectives for research and remediation in this field are also addressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 4","pages":"Pages 371-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vers une meilleure compréhension du trouble du développement intellectuel léger idiopathique : des symptômes aux modalités d’accompagnement","authors":"E. Gourlat,&nbsp;A.-C. Rattat,&nbsp;C.T. Albinet","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The present literature review aims to list as exhaustively as possible all the research studies carried out on MID (1) in terms of assessment and diagnosis, (2) in terms of clinical presentation and (3) from an interventional point of view. The objective is to provide keys to understand this pathology to the various health professionals in medical and paramedical fields.</div></div><div><h3>Literature findings</h3><div>Despite its high prevalence, there are few scientific studies about mild intellectual disability (MID), which causes cognitive deficits. MID is thought to affect about 1–2% of the population in France, and in nearly 80% of cases it is called idiopathic, the cause being unknown (<span><span>INSERM, 2016</span></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Numerous studies have proposed interventional programs with specific recommendations for this population. Definite conclusions of the reviewed literature is complicated by important heterogeneity in the methodologies used and reported results, unclear clinical presentation of MID, and methodological difficulties in groups constitution and in objective evaluation of programs effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The objective is now to summarize these methodological requirements by proposing adaptations that take into account the cognitive and behavioral profile of individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 4","pages":"Pages 307-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un an après : changements éprouvés par les civils et les intervenants exposés aux attentats de novembre 2015 à Paris","authors":"S. Fierdepied ,&nbsp;Y. Motreff ,&nbsp;P. Pirard ,&nbsp;T. Baubet","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>One year after the attacks of November 13, 2015, Santé publique France, within the framework of the 13-November program, set up the Post-Attacks Public Health Survey of November 2015 (ESPA November 13) aimed at exposed civilians and responders. Several open questions are proposed including our question of interest: “Would you say that the experience you have had has changed you, in one way or another? Could you explain to us how?</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim is to understand the effect of attacks on civilians and responders and to compare their responses.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A thematic analysis is proposed for each of the two groups. The themes are common to them but appear to be qualitatively different. The qualitative analysis is supplemented and refined by figures concerning the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents in each group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Some respondents (mainly male workers) do not feel any change. They have specific protective factors. Painful changes at the relational, emotional, and psychic level impact above all female civilians. Some changes take the form of resilience or even post-traumatic growth. They presuppose a process of transformation, which involves a reappropriation of one's existence (for a quarter of civilians and workers alike) but also a new relationship to the world (among workers who worked on the night of November 13) and to oneself (mainly for civilians, women).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The impact of the attacks is greater for civilians and particularly women. The process of transformation observed can lead to favorable outcomes that do not, however, avoid suffering. It would be appropriate to transpose some of the protection factors from the responders to the civilian populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 4","pages":"Pages 333-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When a precarious position of power is perceived as a glass cliff: Reactions to Elisabeth Borne's appointment as Prime minister","authors":"R. Takizawa ,&nbsp;C. Aelenei ,&nbsp;V. Iacoviello ,&nbsp;Y. Assilaméhou-Kunz ,&nbsp;C. Kulich","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The glass cliff is characterized by a higher tendency for women than men to be appointed to precarious positions of power. Little research has focused on what may lead people to qualify female appointments as instances of the glass cliff. We analyzed Élisabeth Borne's appointment as Prime Minister, investigating how ideological attitudes and perceived reasons for her selection influenced the interpretation of her placement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In June 2022, following President Macron's re-election and his selection of Élisabeth Borne as Prime Minister, we gathered observational data (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->479) in France using an online questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to regression analyses, participants who were more inclined to interpret Borne's appointment as a glass cliff situation scored lower on modern sexism, tended to believe she had been chosen to signal change, and thought she had been selected for her agentic leadership. This interpretation was further supported by those who believed that the president selected her for reasons other than her political leadership competence, such as her loyalty to him, but only among those who scored low on modern sexism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Élisabeth Borne was appointed Prime Minister during precarious times, and her tenure lasted one year and eight months. The interpretations of her appointment highlight the influence of pre-existing attitudes and perceived motives on interpreting phenomena related to gender inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 4","pages":"Pages 391-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation française et propriétés psychométriques de l’échelle d’utilisabilité perçue des sites web « Design-oriented evaluation of perceived usability (DEEP) »","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>With the ubiquitous and often unavoidable use of websites, it is necessary that they present the best possible usability to satisfy users. The Design-Oriented Evaluation of Perceived Usability (DEEP) questionnaire, comprising 19 items, assesses perceived usability on the basis of six genotypic criteria: content, structure and information architecture, navigation, cognitive effort, layout consistency, and visual guidance. After completing the DEEP, designers are then able to identify the main factors of the website that cause problems.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to propose a cross-cultural adaptation of the DEEP in French and to evaluate its psychometric qualities.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Four hundred and seventy users completed an online survey to give their opinion on the Onisep.fr website. The survey included the French translation of the DEEP (F-DEEP) and the Net Promoter Score questionnaire. A principal component analysis (PCA) with oblimin rotation, an internal consistency analysis, several confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and a convergent validity study between the F-DEEP and the NPS were conducted.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The PCA suggests a 6-factor structure, which partly corresponds to the 6 factors of the original questionnaire. The internal consistency is very satisfactory, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.944 and a McDonalds omega of 0.945. The CFA with the most satisfactory fit indices corresponds to the first-order model including the 6 factors of the F-DEEP. All the correlations calculated between the F-DEEP factors and the NPS are positive and highly significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The F-DEEP has very good psychometric qualities, which means that it can be used by researchers and professionals in the field of ergonomic psychology of human-computer interaction to evaluate websites for French-speaking audiences. This questionnaire can also be applied to the evaluation of the usability of mobile applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 3","pages":"Pages 269-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135614789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dampened emotion recognition from bodily gestures: Evidence for sex-specific cardiovascular emotional dampening among prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Cardiovascular emotional dampening has been reported not just in normotensive individuals but also in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals as reduced accuracy/response time/both of emotion recognition from facial photographs/videos, audios, and affect-inducing scenes with elevation in blood pressure (BP). This study explored if this phenomenon is manifested among low BP (or hypotensive) individuals and in recognition of emotions from bodily gestures. Further, sex-specific differences in BP-associated emotional dampening were also explored.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Using a cross-sectional group comparison research design, Asian Indian participants belonging to middle socioeconomic status were recruited for participation. The classification of the participants into different BP groups was done on the basis of the criteria laid down by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure for adults aged 18 and older. The study assessed the participants on an emotional matching task (matching a target emotional face to the correct bodily gesture) and an emotional labelling task (labelling the emotion expressed in bodily gestures). A mixed-design ANCOVA was conducted, with BP groups and sex (male, female) as between-groups factors, and inverse efficiency score (calculated by combining speed and accuracy of emotion recognition into one variable) on both the tasks as within-groups factor, with age and education as covariates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data from a total of 148 participants [hypotensives (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->23), normotensives (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->59), prehypertensives (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->35), and hypertensives (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->31)] were analysed. Mixed-design ANCOVA revealed a significant BP group<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->Task<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->Sex interaction. Notably, prehypertensive and hypertensive BP elevation produces more emotional dampening in females than males in emotional labelling but not matching. Moreover, while hypertensive females show explicit emotion recognition difficulties (labelling emotions), hypertensive males show decline in both implicit (matching emotions) and explicit emotion recognition, compared to other BP groups. Dampening was not evident for hypotensives.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings add significantly to expanding the growing literature on cardiovascular emotional dampening and can be used to design distinct therapeutic interventions to improve both implicit and explicit emotion recognition for hypertensive males but just explicit emotion recognition for hypertensive females. Females with higher-than-normal BP need to be targeted more for emotion recognition interventions than males.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 3","pages":"Pages 287-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of sex on judgments of an aggressive North African woman","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2022.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2022.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>There is little research on how to judge a woman in a cross-cultural context.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study is to examine how women from North Africa are perceived socially, through observation of representations of this minority group in a judicial context.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In this study, 277 French students (132 men and 145 women) read a scenario describing a North African woman who hits another woman, and who adopted one of the four acculturation strategies (assimilation, integration, separation or marginalization). They then judged the act and its perpetrator. The participants’ level of social dominance orientation (SDO) was also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results show that men judged the perpetrator more harshly than women and perceived as posing greater threat. The acculturation strategy adopted by the offender did not interact with the sex of the participants, but men perceived adoption of the host culture as an aggravating circumstance. Social dominance orientation moderated the effect of sex on the participants’ perception of the perpetrator, but not on their judgment of the act.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study has important implications regarding the way relationships of domination are affected by an offender who belongs to two minority groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 3","pages":"Pages 203-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115417600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quelle formation des savoirs sur le cancer et la chimiothérapie orale en contexte d’ETP ? Apports d’une approche psychosociale articulée à un dispositif de triangulation méthodologique","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This article aims to consider the experience of cancer treated by oral chemotherapy as a frame for investigating the construction and the transmission of knowledge related to illness and treatment in the context of therapeutic patient education. This work is based on a doctoral thesis carried out in Social and health Psychology in which we investigated, according to a socio-constructivist approach, the contexts and the circumstances in which patients’ knowledge are assimilated and mobilized.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Based on field research conducted in a Rhone-Alpes university hospital center, we led two qualitative studies, which combined research interviews (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->27) and ethnographic data of a therapeutic education program (including non-participant observation of 44 therapeutic education sessions). For analyzing these qualitative data, we relied on the principles of analysis using conceptualizing categories.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results show that the relationship between sick people and cancer and treatment refers to the intertwining of medical knowledge and lay knowledge. These are constructed and actualized in therapeutic relationships and the social situations through which participants experience their illness. This polyphasic knowledge operates as an active process of decoding the perceptions of the body and of the disease, and guides health behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This article shows the contributions of a comprehensive and holistic approach as well as a multi-methodological design to investigate the complexity of the illness and treatment representational elaboration, by highlighting its cognitive, affective, social, and symbolic dimensions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 3","pages":"Pages 219-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Étude exploratoire de profils d’enseignants à risque de burnout : association avec les processus de coping et le sentiment d’auto-efficacité","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psfr.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Burnout and its predictors are an increasingly important health issue in the teaching profession.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study aimed at identifying teacher profiles at risk of burnout, and to explore their associations with coping processes and sense of self-efficacy using a dual variable and person-centered approach.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A sample of 171 teachers (58.50% female) from a French-speaking canton of Switzerland completed the <em>Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure</em> (i.e., physical fatigue, cognitive weariness, emotional exhaustion), the <em>Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale</em> (i.e., instructional strategies, student engagement, classroom management) and the <em>Coping Scale</em> by Dewe (i.e., need to communicate, traditional style of teaching, problem-focused and avoidant coping).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Problem-focused coping was the only variable that negatively predicted all three dimensions of burnout. Avoidant coping negatively predicted physical fatigue and cognitive weariness while classroom management self-efficacy negatively predicted emotional exhaustion. Additional findings suggested the moderating role of the number of students with special educational needs (SEN) in the relationship between some variables. Three profiles were identified based on a hierarchical cluster analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that a higher number of students with SEN, as well as low levels of coping (i.e., problem-focused and avoidant) and sense of self-efficacy in classroom management were associated with a greater likelihood of belonging to the burnout risk profile (representing 21.64% of the total sample).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Findings from this study not only highlight a relatively large proportion of teachers at risk of burnout, but also a possible co-action of some coping processes and sense of self-efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44717,"journal":{"name":"Psychologie Francaise","volume":"69 3","pages":"Pages 247-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}