Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy最新文献

{"title":"A Rare Case of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Diagnosed with a Breast Mass.","authors":"Nur Aydınbelge Dizdar, Derya Çayır, Hatice Türksoy Karaca, Ata Türker Arıkök, Özlem Özmen","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.83436","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.83436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 63-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with dyspnea, chest pain, and a palpable right breast mass. Non-contrast thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed suspicious lesions in the right upper lung lobe and right breast, as well as right pleural effusion. For further evaluation, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan was performed. There was increased FDG uptake in the right breast, right lung, liver, bones, and lymph nodes. Histopathological assessment confirmed that the breast mass was a metastatic lesion originating from a primary small-cell lung carcinoma. The manifestation of primary lung carcinoma with a metastatic mass lesion in the breast region is a rare condition. The manifestation can lead to diagnostic challenges, particularly when distinguishing it from a primary breast tumor. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT may provide valuable information for staging and surveillance, especially in patients with atypical metastatic patterns. This case highlights that unexpected metastatic sites can significantly affect treatment strategies and are frequently associated with worse prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"64-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complementary Roles of ¹⁸F-Fluorocholine and ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in an Evaluation of A Patient With Parathyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Nikola Pantic, Lenka Grujicic, Branislava Radovic, Dragana Sobic Saranovic, Vera Artiko, Strahinja Odalovic","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.58966","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.58966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>¹⁸Fluorine-fluorocholine (¹⁸F-FCH) is a radiopharmaceutical used in primary hyperparathyroidism. The data about its utility in malignancies other than prostate and hepatocellular carcinoma is limited. We present the case of a patient who was referred for ¹⁸F-FCH positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) due to the persistently elevated parathormone and calcium levels following total thyroidectomy with left lower parathyroidectomy for parathyroid carcinoma (PTC). Previously, the patient underwent ¹⁸Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) PET/CT. The latter method detected multiple mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, as well as nodular lesions in lungs and osteolytic bone lesions with an increased tracer uptake, whereas ¹⁸F-FCH PET/CT detected an increased tracer uptake not only in lesions at all of the abovementioned areas, but also in the nodular lesion in the neck corresponding to a local relapse as well, with bone lesions showing higher avidity for ¹⁸F-FDG than for ¹⁸F-FCH. The case we present shows that ¹⁸F-FCH PET/CT has an additive value to ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in an evaluation of patients with PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Staging ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI Findings in Gastric Cancer Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy.","authors":"Seda Gülbahar Ateş, Uğuray Aydos, Ramazan Kalkan, Ümit Özgür Akdemir, Lütfiye Özlem Atay","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.19052","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.19052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative findings on ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI) in gastric cancer (GC) patients who underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with GC who underwent pretreatment staging with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI and subsequently underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy were included in the study. Demographic and clinicopathologic features of patients were recorded. The maximum wall thickness of gastric tumors, the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC_min), the total number and maximum standard uptake values (SUV_max) of ¹⁸F-FDG-positive lymph nodes, the short-axis diameter of the largest lymph node, and the tumor SUV_max-to-liver SUV_mean ratio on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI were recorded. Predictors of mortality were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-eight patients with GC who underwent gastrectomy were included in the study. The median follow-up duration was 23.9 months (interquartile range: 33.4); 39 patients (50.0%) died during follow-up. In the multivariate analysis, the tumor SUV_max/liver SUV_mean ratio (p=0.002) and tumor histopathologic group (p<0.001) were identified as independent predictors of overall survival. The mean overall survival was 42.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 35.8-49.6]. The mean overall survival in the signet-ring cell carcinoma/other subtypes group (31.4 months; 95% CI: 22.3-40.4) was significantly shorter than that in the adenocarcinoma group (49.2 months; 95% CI: 40.3-58.2) (p=0.019). Patients with a tumor SUV_max/liver SUV_mean ratio greater than 2.6 on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI (35.7 months; 95% CI: 27.6-43.7) had a shorter overall survival than those with a ratio lower than 2.6 (57.1 months; 95% CI: 46.5-67.7) (p=0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tumor SUV_max-to-liver SUV_mean ratio may serve as a robust imaging biomarker for prognosis and for determining histopathologic subtype in GC patients who underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-dose Radioactive Iodine Therapy on Hormonal Profiles and Sperm Quality in Thyroidectomy Patients.","authors":"Mehrosadat Alavi, Raziyeh Hojjat, Ali Taghinezhad, Manzarbanoo Shojaeifard","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.90692","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.90692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the effects of high-dose radioactive iodine therapy on gonadotropin and sex hormone levels, and on sperm parameters in male patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following thyroidectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five male patients (aged 20-60 years) with differentiated thyroid carcinoma underwent thyroidectomy and iodine therapy. The therapeutic dose was 150 mCi of oral sodium iodide solution. Levels of gonadotropins, sex hormones, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured before and two weeks after radioiodine therapy (RT). Semen analysis included liquefaction, odor, color, viscosity, agglutination, and aggregation. The main parameters evaluated were semen volume, pH, sperm count, percentages of motile and progressively motile sperm, round cells, and sperm morphology. Sperm motility, including progressive, non-progressive, and immotile types, and DNA fragmentation were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used with a significance level of p≤0.05. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels in patients' sera were significantly higher than pre-RIT measurements (p=0.002), whereas luteinizing hormone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and AMH levels were not significantly different from pre-RT measurements. Total sperm count, volume, motility, and rapid progressive motility increased significantly compared to pre-radioiodine ablation measurements, while other parameters remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Male patients who received 150 mCi of radioactive iodine showed no impairment in fertility. Long-term follow-up studies with larger sample sizes are crucial to investigate the physiological roles of gonadal hormones, sperm DNA fragmentation, and AMH in the testes after RIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic Calcifications Mimicking Lymph Nodes on ¹⁸F-PSMA1007 PET.","authors":"Salah Nabih Oueriagli, Omar Ait Sahel, Ikram Zahfir, Meryem Aboussabr, Yassir Benameur, Abderrahim Doudouh","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.78736","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.78736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 82-year-old patient with high-risk prostate adenocarcinoma, previously treated with radiotherapy and hormone therapy, presented with biochemical recurrence, as evidenced by a prostate-specific antigen level of 10 ng/mL. A positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan using ¹⁸F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA ) 1007 revealed significant uptake at the prostate apex and multiple hypermetabolic osseous lesions in the sternum and L3, suggestive of local recurrence and metastasis. However, several hypermetabolic foci in the abdominopelvic region raised suspicion for potential involvement of the lumbar-aortic lymph nodes due to their moderate to intense uptake. After further investigation, these findings were attributed to active aortic calcifications. This case highlights a rare cause of false-positive results in ¹⁸F-PSMA 1007 PET/CT imaging and underscores the need for additional evaluations, such as abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging and renal and phosphocalcic assessments, when such results are suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Pulmonary Involvement Mimicking Pneumonia: Findings on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT.","authors":"Nur Aydınbelge Dizdar, Ebru Tatcı, Alev Noyaner Çınar, Büşra Bozca, Özlem Özmen","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.79053","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.79053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 68-year-old man with progressive exertional dyspnea after an upper respiratory tract infection underwent contrast-enhanced thorax computed tomography (CT) to exclude pulmonary thromboembolism. The radiological findings suggested pneumonia or alveolar edema. ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (¹⁸F-FDG PET) scan was conducted due to progressive radiological findings. It revealed increased FDG uptake in the prostate gland, mediastinal, abdominopelvic multiple lymph nodes and bilateral lung lesions. ⁶⁸Ga- prostate-specific membrane antigen-11 (PSMA) PET/CT scan was performed due to low FDG uptake in the lymph nodes and elevated plasma total prostate-specific antigen values. Moderate to high PSMA uptake corresponded to the localizations of FDG uptake on PET/CT. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated that the bilateral lung lesions and bilateral pleural effusion were compatible with metastases from prostate adenocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"67-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Southeast Asian Experience of Terbium-161 PSMA Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): Quantitative Imaging and Dosimetric Approach.","authors":"Sasithorn Amnuaywattakorn, Putthiporn Charoenphun, Touch Ativitavas, Panya Pasawang, Kitiwat Khamwan, Thonnapong Thongpraparn, Benjapa Khiewvan, Ponkittiya Ruangma, Wichana Chamroonrat, Krisanat Chuamsaamarkkee","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2026.28863","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2026.28863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy has become an established treatment option for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although lutetium-177 (¹⁷⁷Lu) PSMA therapy has shown promising clinical benefits, terbium-161 (¹⁶¹Tb) PSMA is an emerging theranostic agent offering potential advantages due to its combination of beta and Auger electron emissions. This work presents the first documented case in Thailand and Southeast Asia of a patient treated at Ramathibodi Hospital with ¹⁶¹Tb-PSMA following progression on ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA therapy. This report describes the clinical application of this novel radiopharmaceutical, the implementation of quantitative imaging protocols, single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography calibration processes, and absorbed dose estimations from voxel-based dosimetry that contributed to individualised treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2026.e001","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2026.e001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Segmentation of Liver and Liver Tumors with SwinUNETR and UNET Neural Networks on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.","authors":"Burak Demir, Hatice Kübra Yurtçu, Merve Ağcıoğlu Atalay, Fikret Ertek","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.58751","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.58751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop and evaluate automated segmentation models for the liver and hepatic tumors on ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) using SwinUNETR and residual UNET architectures, and to assess their accuracy in complex clinical cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center retrospective study, 100 patients (48 males, 52 females; mean age 61±14 years) with ¹⁸F-FDG-avid hepatic lesions from various primary malignancies were included. Liver segmentation was performed on non-contrast CT images using pairs of SwinUNETR and residual UNET models, and tumor segmentation was performed on masked PET images using separately trained pair of SwinUNETR and residual UNET model. Model performance was evaluated using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC), volumetric bias, and Bland-Altman analysis for metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For liver segmentation, SwinUNETR achieved a median DSC of 97.59% (range: 95.41-98.93%) with a median volumetric bias of -0.94% (LoA: -3.76% to +0.50%), while residual UNET achieved a median DSC of 97.85% (range: 94.81-98.80%) with a median volumetric bias of -0.34% (LoA: -2.63% to +1.16%). For tumor segmentation, SwinUNETR achieved a median DSC of 92.62% (range: 80.75-97.46%), an MTV bias of -8.60% (LoA: -31.62% to +1.21%), and a TLG bias of -6.40% (LoA: -25.58% to +0.76%). Residual UNET achieved a median DSC of 93.07% (range: 80.74-98.18%), MTV bias of -4.33% (LoA: -24.36% to +10.12%), and TLG bias of -11.10% (LoA: -30.8% to +4.52%). Most MTV and TLG measurements were within ±10% of reference values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both SwinUNETR and Residual UNET achieved excellent liver segmentation accuracy and clinically acceptable tumor segmentation performance on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, with SwinUNETR showing slightly better performance in liver volumetric measurements. These open-source models could be integrated into clinical workflows to automate segmentation tasks, facilitate treatment planning for liver-directed therapies, and support reproducible quantitative imaging analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Vascular Shunts Mimicking Malignant Lesions on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT Imaging: Interpretation Pitfall in the Background of Cirrhotic Liver.","authors":"Sanchay Jain, Assim Saad Eddin, Parren McNeely, Michael Graham, Ahmad Shariftabrizi","doi":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.45712","DOIUrl":"10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.45712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 44-year-old female presented with recent history of ischemic strokes and hypercoagulability and chronic alcoholic cirrhosis. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography was performed during the workup for vasculitis. PET features of vasculitis were not identified, but liver showed multiple hepatic FDG avid foci, concerning for malignant or metastatic disease in the background of cirrhosis of liver. To characterize these lesions, liver magnetic resonance imaging was subsequently performed which revealed hepatic vascular shunts corresponding to the sites of the FDG avid foci. This case highlights potential interpretation n pitfall arising due to FDG avidity in the vascular shunts resembling malignant or metastatic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44681,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"61-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}