Asian Bioethics Review最新文献_第2页

Infodemic Management and Government Disinformation: The Brazilian Experience 信息管理和政府虚假信息：巴西的经验。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x

Isabella Ballalai, Rodrigo Schrage Lins

{"title":"Infodemic Management and Government Disinformation: The Brazilian Experience","authors":"Isabella Ballalai, Rodrigo Schrage Lins","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00353-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the most critical health crises in recent history, resulted in nearly 7 million deaths worldwide. The ensuing infodemic, characterized by the proliferation of information about the virus and vaccines, persisted beyond the cessation of the international public health emergency. In Brazil, this infodemic had collateral effects, including increase and structuring of anti-vaccine groups, reduced overall vaccine coverage, and a crisis of public trust, exacerbated by government dissemination of disinformation through official channels. This paper examines the interplay between government authorities and disinformation in Brazil, identifying key pitfalls and actors instrumental in maintaining public trust. Given that trustworthy sources of information are foundational to effective infodemic management, the collaboration of medical scientific societies, government entities, and national and international agencies is essential for a robust response. Necessary investments include (1) implementing epidemiological surveillance through social listening; (2) establishing a transparent, efficient, and agile communication strategy from public health authorities; and (3) enforcing stringent regulations and accountability measures for online disinformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"515 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Defense of Abortion on the Basis of Self-defense 基于自卫的堕胎辩护。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00312-6

Timothy Kirschenheiter

引用次数: 0

“Your Tumour Can Save Lives”: Re-examining Singapore’s Consent Procedures for the Use of De-identified Bio-specimens in Research “你的肿瘤可以挽救生命”：重新审视新加坡在研究中使用去识别生物标本的同意程序

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z

Kylie J. Q. Heng, Shaun S. E. Loong, Gini W. W. Wong, Athena Ham, Aaron D’Sa, Mayank Dalakoti, Roger Foo, Jerry Menikoff

{"title":"“Your Tumour Can Save Lives”: Re-examining Singapore’s Consent Procedures for the Use of De-identified Bio-specimens in Research","authors":"Kylie J. Q. Heng, Shaun S. E. Loong, Gini W. W. Wong, Athena Ham, Aaron D’Sa, Mayank Dalakoti, Roger Foo, Jerry Menikoff","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Consent in research is inarguably a highly contentious and debated topic. One of the biggest debates in research ethics revolves around the determination of when consent is necessary, as there is a need to balance participant protections and research advancements. Contrary to popular belief, obtaining informed consent may not necessarily be better for the participant. One illustration of this can be taken from the United States’ (US) 2011 proposal to require consent for the research use of de-identified bio-specimens under the applicable regulations (what is often referred to as the “Common Rule”). The proposed transition from no consent to broad consent was met with strong opposition from researchers and the public alike, highlighting the possible superiority of not requiring consent when de-identified bio-specimens are used in research. Against this backdrop, this article uses legal and bioethical perspectives to evaluate Singapore’s consent procedures for the secondary research use of de-identified bio-specimens, arguing that Singapore is ready and in need of further liberties to allow for more robust research advancements and better participant outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"717 - 727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-024-00327-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Proliferation of Medical Clinics in Pakistani Street and Health Fragmentation: A Case Study 巴基斯坦街头医疗诊所的激增与卫生碎片化：个案研究

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y

Jamil Ahmed Sheikh, Shuaib Farooq, Shehla Nazmeen, Ghulam Yasin

{"title":"The Proliferation of Medical Clinics in Pakistani Street and Health Fragmentation: A Case Study","authors":"Jamil Ahmed Sheikh, Shuaib Farooq, Shehla Nazmeen, Ghulam Yasin","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00328-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proliferation of medical clinics on urban streets in Pakistan presents a paradoxical situation that leads to healthcare fragmentation. Low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan face various challenges, exacerbating inequalities in access to delivery of treatment, low-quality standards, behavioral issues, a lack of accountability, and reduced patient satisfaction, which lead to inefficiencies. This study examines the elements that contribute to this condition, such as patient preferences, organizational incentives, and the amount of patient knowledge. Data was collected through surveys (<i>N</i> = 158) and semi-structured interviews (<i>N</i> = 15) with patients, doctors, and healthcare staff. The research found that the proliferation of clinics and fragmentation of healthcare are not accidental. Various factors contribute to this situation, such as patient preferences and conveniences, referrals by initial physician, organizational panel, proximity, cost, and the level of patient education, among others. The findings highlight the need for concerted efforts to address the issues of trust, coordination, and doctor-patient contact in the healthcare environment.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"697 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Ethical Framework to Clinical Post-Mortem Examination in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯临床尸检的伦理框架

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3

Ruaim Muaygil, Khaldoon Aljerian

{"title":"An Ethical Framework to Clinical Post-Mortem Examination in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ruaim Muaygil, Khaldoon Aljerian","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00331-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-mortem examinations (PME) often yield valuable information regarding the cause and manner of death. They aid in identifying underlying disease, support public health efforts, and inform criminal investigations. In the clinical context, PME improves understanding of disease processes, prevents future illness in others, and provides comfort and closure to families. In Saudi Arabia, a multitude of cultural, religious, and ethical concerns often preclude frank discussions and contribute to the reluctance of both families and practitioners to pursue these examinations. In this paper, we contend that clinical PME should be routinely offered to family members after the unexplained death of an individual. To that end, we propose a religiously informed and culturally sensitive ethical framework, one that is cognizant of local cultural, ethical, and religious needs. We begin with an overview of PME, its development, and its current state in Saudi Arabia. Next, we examine the cultural, religious, and ethical challenges that contribute to the underutilization of PME. Finally, we address these challenges through our proposed framework in the hope that a more representative approach to PME will permit more utilization and benefit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"753 - 764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Misrepresenting Female Doctors in Pakistan: How the “Doctor Bride” Phenomenon Causes Epistemic Injustice 误传巴基斯坦女医生：“医生新娘”现象如何导致认知不公。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00329-x

Sundus Iftikhar, Sarosh Saleem

引用次数: 0

Myths and Realities about the Private Sector Stem Cell Industry in Malaysia 马来西亚私营部门干细胞产业的神话与现实

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00330-4

Kean Chang Phang, Mohammad Firdaus Bin Abdul Aziz

引用次数: 0

Thoughts and Behaviors of Chinese and Japanese Doctors when faced with the Death of a Patient: A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Doctors’ Responses to a Hypothetical Scenario 中日医生面对病人死亡时的思想与行为：一种假设情景下医生反应的定性描述研究

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00326-0

Hua Xu, Taketoshi Okita, Masao Tabata, Yasuhiro Kadooka, Atsushi Asai

{"title":"Thoughts and Behaviors of Chinese and Japanese Doctors when faced with the Death of a Patient: A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Doctors’ Responses to a Hypothetical Scenario","authors":"Hua Xu, Taketoshi Okita, Masao Tabata, Yasuhiro Kadooka, Atsushi Asai","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00326-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00326-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China and Japan have similar cultures but differing healthcare systems. In both countries, admissions of medical error and apologies by doctors continue to be an important but difficult issue. The present study aimed to examine and compare the thoughts and behaviors of Chinese and Japanese doctors when faced with the unexpected death of a patient. Qualitative descriptive analysis was performed to compare the responses of 20 doctors from each country to a hypothetical scenario involving the death of a patient. We found that almost all doctors in both countries considered the treatment process described in the hypothetical scenario to be inappropriate and most would feel regret when faced with the young patient’s death. There was a disagreement concerning responsibility for the patient death among the doctors regardless of their nationality. Doctors decided how to behave facing the patient death after anticipating the bereaved family’s reaction and their initial responses varied widely. Japanese doctors indicated that they would communicate with the patient’s family after a patient died, whereas none of the Chinese doctors indicated they would do so due to a fear of physical violence from the bereaved family. Finally, the decision on whether to disclose the medical error and apology was made after careful and complex consideration. In conclusion, significant differences were observed between Chinese and Japanese doctors with respect to communicating with, and disclosing errors and apologizing to, the bereaved family. We discuss both the ethical and social implications of these differences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"671 - 695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41649-024-00326-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Priorities in Asian Paediatric Ethics 亚洲儿科伦理的新优先事项

IF 1.3

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-025-00367-z

Roy Joseph, Dominic Wilkinson

引用次数: 0

Abortion: Ethical and Legal Perspectives in Indonesia 堕胎：印度尼西亚的伦理和法律观点。

IF 1.1

Asian Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-024-00322-4

Adji Suwandono, Busyra

引用次数: 0