Asian Bioethics Review最新文献

{"title":"Insights from the Coalface of Bioethics","authors":"Graeme T. Laurie","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00394-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00394-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 4","pages":"667 - 669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Socio-Economic Inequities in Social Listening: Evidence from Two Quantitative Case Studies in India","authors":"Srishti Goel,&nbsp;Sonia Lewycka,&nbsp;Deepshikha Batheja","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00383-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00383-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social listening has emerged as a powerful tool for bridging the gap between public health messaging and the diverse needs of communities. Its focus, however, has primarily centered on monitoring social media platforms for public health communication and managing infodemics, thereby neglecting a considerable segment of the population, especially in low- and middle-income countries, with no internet access. Within low- and middle-income countries, established social and cultural norms and financial constraints contribute to gender disparities in both access and social acceptance of educational attainment and mobile phone use by women. Our research explores the influence of gender and socio-economic status on engagement with social media and its use as an information source. We use two case studies involving urban and rural settings in India. In the first case study, the surveyed sample in the urban setting comprised 1565 men and 1133 women employed in the call center industry across five cities in India. In the second case study, a total of 723 men and 748 women were surveyed in the rural Karnataka region in India. Our key findings indicate that women tend to use social media platforms less frequently than men for accessing news, and their economic status and caste shape their reliance on social media for essential health information. These findings underscore the necessity to integrate both online and offline data sources in social listening and health communication efforts, in order to mitigate the digital divide within communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"385 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The WHO Pandemic Agreement’s Missing Epistemic Architectures: Infodemics and Antimicrobial Resistance as Examples","authors":"Calvin Wai Loon Ho,&nbsp;Karel Caals","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00387-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00387-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On 20 May 2025, the 78^th World Health Assembly adopted the World Health Organization’s Pandemic Agreement (PA). With the benefit of lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic, the PA rightly focuses on advancing equity, but we are concerned that the PA appears to apply equity narrowly as distributive justice and neglects epistemic justice. Using infodemics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as examples, we argue that the PA misses epistemic architectures. We first explain why infodemics are an important public health concern that the PA seeks to address, even though it does not clearly mention them. We then explain why equity must be interpreted to include epistemic justice. Using infodemics as an example, we subsequently discuss how the epistemic architecture of the PA on infodemics will need to be set out clearly as an annex to the PA or through the adoption of an additional protocol. We note in particular that the PA could help to draw together different normative and human rights approaches and frameworks to meet the requirements of epistemic justice. A similar challenge applies to AMR as an epistemically complex phenomenon, and our argument is that a global response to AMR will require a just and equitable epistemic architecture that the PA could lay the foundation for.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"495 - 514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Listening in Infodemic Management: Insights from Preparatory Work on Ethical Guidance","authors":"Calvin W. L. Ho,&nbsp;Karel Caals","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00384-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00384-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"375 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Listening in Infodemic Management: The Start of a Conversation on the Normative Challenges of Infodemics","authors":"Calvin W. L. Ho,&nbsp;Karel Caals","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00385-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00385-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"369 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appreciating the Personnel of Bioethics","authors":"Graeme T. Laurie","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00386-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00386-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"527 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering the Discourse: the Role of Engineers in the Health Infodemic","authors":"Michelle Liu,&nbsp;Samantha Fowler","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00352-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00352-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the era of rapid information exchange, engineers and computer scientists are not merely creators of technology but vital players in the shaping of public discourse, including in the context of serious health threats like the COVID-19 pandemic. Focusing on the dis/misinformation surrounding public health risks, this work will dissect the mechanisms that enable disinformation and explore how design decisions, algorithmic biases, and lack of regulation contribute to the spread of false information. Design decisions that include simplified sharing mechanisms, limited word counts, and basing the platforms in the sharing of emotional stories drive confirmation biases and discourage fact-checking. Users are further trapped by their past behaviors in algorithm-based echo chambers that repeat false information. These effects are solidified by failed regulation attempts and backfire effects, as well as barriers to regulation from organizations. Thus, the built infrastructure and embedded algorithms of these digital platforms create breeding grounds for disinformation. By indirectly governing social listening, engineers and computer scientists can actively influence the distribution and credibility of information, thus impacting public trust and health decisions. This work will further analyze the professional, ethical, and human rights responsibilities of the engineering profession as architects of social media and other digital platforms. In Ontario, Canada, the engineering profession’s specific responsibilities include statutory duties to serve the public interest, ethical obligations that are both statutory and normative, and compliance with laws related to privacy, human rights, and communication. This work contends that as a player in infodemics, engineering ethics education must shift away from a rules-based approach to instead prioritize social responsibility and foster engagement with societal and political dimensions of technology and its consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"463 - 476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"South Korea’s Health Misinformation Response during COVID-19: A Narrative-Thematic Analysis","authors":"Sophia Wasti,&nbsp;Hajeong Lee,&nbsp;Hannah Kim","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00323-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00323-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infodemics have emerged as a serious contemporary challenge to public health, especially in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This paper conducts a narrative thematic analysis exploring the South Korean response to the public health risks caused by misinformation, critically examining the legal, social, and ethical dimensions of dealing with the difficulties posed by health misinformation, identifying the following key themes: limitations posed by existing law in South Korea, government policies as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, self-regulation in the private sector and mitigation of the social impacts of COVID-19 misinformation. The paper offers a thematic exploration of South Korea’s integrated policy response to health misinformation within the context of the global COVID-19 infodemic and highlights the South Korean effort to balance the protection of public health and welfare with citizen’s individual rights to freedom of expression and the necessity of flexibility and adaptive policies to effectively counter COVID-19 misinformation. It observes the importance of effective public health communication and provides insight useful for dealing with potential future challenges arising from the proliferation of health misinformation and mitigating the adverse impacts of infodemics on public health initiatives, using the example of South Korea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"425 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Listening and its Issues: What can the Precautionary Principle Advice?","authors":"Hai Thanh Doan","doi":"10.1007/s41649-025-00369-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-025-00369-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently initiated “social listening”. The first section of this paper investigates conceptual aspects of social listening. It demonstrates that the WHO’s descriptions of social listening are vague and inconsistent. Notwithstanding this, <i>possibly</i>, the WHO-envisaged social listening is constituted by three core components: (i) listening and monitoring, (ii) understanding, and (iii) engaging and nudging. It follows that there is an inherent relatedness between WHO-envisaged social listening and other “social-listening” activities. It follows that to investigate issues of or related to social listening, the inquiry should be broadened to general practices of “social listening”, and experiences related to these must be considered. In the second section, this paper finds several issues with or related to social listening, including bad faith uses, the difficulty of identifying misinformation and punishing it, the echo chambers problem, issues concerning nudging, concerns about policy preset position, concerns for the management and prioritization of resources, and concerns about overlapping between social listening activities. Thus, social listening should be subject to certain rules. In the third section, this paper argues that social listening should be subject to the precautionary principle. Doan, Nie, and Fenton projected that the central teleology, the purpose, and the modus operandi of the precautionary principle could be identified in various policy and legal instruments and propositions, accordingly, the precautionary principle entails, <i>inter alia</i>, proactive preparation for public health matters, specifically emergencies, and assessment, e.g. risk–benefit analysis, taking into account uncertainty and past experiences. They showed the normative validity and necessity of applying the precautionary principle in its “<i>moderate versions</i>” to public health matters. It follows from this and the rationale underlying and the range of rules of the precautionary principle that the precautionary principle can offer some insights, solutions, and mechanisms to remedy issues posed by or related to social listening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"401 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Cares How Information Feels? A Call for Digital Influence Literacy","authors":"Theresa M. Senft","doi":"10.1007/s41649-024-00350-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41649-024-00350-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article introduces digital influence literacy, arguing for its inclusion in programs devoted to lessening the spread of health misinformation online. Influence literacy can be roughly understood as the capacity to recognise, analyse, navigate, and emotionally regulate feeling as it is generated, circulated and monetized over digital platforms, alternately experienced by social media users as mood, movement, sentiment, or environmental vibe. Combining insights from communications, social and behavioural psychology, digital design, and trauma studies, influence literacy can be used to better understand events like #FilmYourHospital, where a single rumour on Twitter wound up feeding into a global conspiracy. It can also be used to better appreciate how trends, memes, challenges, and calls for justice move from online spaces to offline ones. After arguing that traditional media literacy’s assumptions about the value of emotional communication require substantial re-thinking in the age of platforms, this article lays the groundwork for topics that might be included in discussions on influence, moving from psycho-social theories of feeling to techno-social operations like emotion recognition, sentiment mining, persuasive computing and emotion optimization on platforms. To assist those looking to add influence literacy to classrooms, a teaching framework called the Influence Ecosphere is offered, with discussion topics suggested to help supplement media literacy’s traditional focus on rights with a feeling-based ethics of care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44520,"journal":{"name":"Asian Bioethics Review","volume":"17 3","pages":"477 - 493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}