Revista Ra Ximhai最新文献

{"title":"Brechas digitales y territorio: los entornos tecnológicos-digitales en las viviendas mexicanas","authors":"Raul Anthony Olmedo-Neri","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.05.ro","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.05.ro","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of ICTs in Mexican homes is analyzed, with the aim of showing the relationship between the gaps and the territorial dynamics. For this, data from the Mexican population census are used and the integration of the semi-rural and semi-urban terms is proposed to recognize the nuances in those localities that are between the rural and urban categories.\u0000The relevance of this work lies in the construction of a more detailed overview of the access gap based on housing as a reference unit and its spatial distribution in the localities. Among the results, it stands out that the cell phone has become the second device with the greatest presence in Mexican towns. In addition, the states where the dwellings that do not have ICTs are concentrated are identified, showing that even today there are people who suffer material and digital exclusion.\u0000Finally, this work contributes to the analysis of digital gaps in Mexico and evidences the results of the progressive incorporation of rural areas into the information and knowledge society in the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42870894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supervivencia de Escherichia coli y Salmonella Typhimurium en agua recreativa de río","authors":"María de Jesús Moreno-Montoya, Irvin González-López, C. Cháidez-Quiroz, O. López-Cuevas","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.09.mm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.09.mm","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, the use of rivers as recreational centers drives the regional economy, however, most of these do not comply with the safety and quality of the water, therefore the microbiological risk derived from poor hygiene practices and discharges of industrial and urban waste increases every day, leaving public health exposed due to the deficiency in the monitoring of pathogens associated with infectious outbreaks. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) have a high prevalence in rivers of Sinaloa, they are considered indicators of contamination and are of the main causes of gastrointestinal infections worldwide, due to their ability to survive in numerous natural environments. Therefore, in this research, the survival of both bacteria in recreational water from the Fuerte River, San José de Ahome, Sinaloa, Mexico, was evaluated. To determine bacterial survival, water samples from two river locations were used, before and after the 2019 Easter holiday period. The concentration of total dissolved solids was determined for each sample, and these were inoculated with E. coli and S. Typhimurium independently, at a concentration of 6 Log10 CFU mL-1, simulating river conditions in the laboratory. For this, both bacteria were evaluated every 48 h using the plate extension technique. The results obtained showed that both bacteria prior to the Easter period survived 12 days, with 6.2X101 CFU mL-1 and 4.5 X101 CFU mL-1 of E. coli at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively and, 4.66X101 CFU mL-1 and 5.4 X101 CFU mL-1 of S. Typhimurium at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively; likewise, after the holiday period they survived 1.2X102 CFU mL-1 until day 16 and 4 CFU mL-1 until day 20 of E. coli at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively, also 1.65 X102 CFU mL-1 until day 16 and 22 CFU mL-1 until day 22 of S. Typhimurium, at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively. By comparison of means with the Tukey test showed that, there are significant differences between the survival of E. coli and S. Typhimurium in the sampling dates, which could be attributed to the capacity to use nutrients, derived from the organic waste generated by human influx.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46077066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discusiones sobre la comunidad indígena en México: perspectivas desde las políticas y programas gubernamentales","authors":"Rubén Darío Núñez-Altamirano, Monserrat Olivos-Fuentes","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.04.rn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.04.rn","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of indigenous community has historically sparked various theoretical, investigative and social discussions, disseminated in various debate forums, publications and specialized congresses, around indigenous societies. However, the theoretical postulates and results of various analyzes built with or from the communities have not always been taken into account in the definition of legislation and the construction of national public policies. Given this scenario, through a documentary methodology and legislative analysis, this work generates a brief review of the theoretical positions taken up in recent decades by the Mexican State, emphasizing the moments of close connection with theory and pointing out the processes that have limited citizen participation. In the political framework and the specific demands, concepts of social unity are analyzed, from where the community is built and redefined, within the framework of the situations and relationships that it establishes with representatives of the State and with other social sectors.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47084095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potencial productivo agrícola y modelación del cambio climático en la cuenca del Papaloapan","authors":"A. I. Barrera-Rodríguez, Adán Guillermo Ramírez-García, Elvia Nereyda Rodríguez-Sauceda, A. Espejel-García","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.07.ab","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.07.ab","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to make a proposal for potential land use and the projection of climate change scenarios in the Papaloapan basin, using the multi-criteria and multi-objective analysis technique to generate potential capabilities in the basin. From the greatest aptitude, the scenarios were generated using the methodology for Maximum Entropy. The hydrological region was delimited through cartographic material and climatic information was obtained from meteorological stations, geographic information and databases were collected from official secondary sources, the information was processed in the ArcGIS version 10.2.2 program, to obtain the geodatabases and geospatial matrices that served as cartographic input for the multi-criteria analysis. Based on the geospatial matrices and vector data, raster data were generated, which were used in the modeling with geo-statistical algorithms and potential zones were identified from a structured language. The result of the modeling regarding the suitability of the soil generated two classes with six levels of suitability: land for basic crops and for the cultivation of species of industrial importance and two climate change scenarios, current and future.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propiedades psicométricas y estructura factorial de dos escalas sobre identidad étnica y aculturación psicológica en el grupo cultural tohono o'odham “Pápagos” del estado de Sonora, México","authors":"N. Torres-Soto, Alicia Monzalvo-Curiel, J. Medina-Fernández, Guillermo López-Franco","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.03.nt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.03.nt","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the ethnic identity and psychological acculturation scales of the Papagos population from northern of Sonora based on the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Scale (Phinney, 1992) and the Psychological Acculturation Scale (Marin et al., 1987). Through an intentional non-probabilistic sampling, 158 Papagos from the state of Sonora were selected, with 96 women (60.75%) and 62 men (39.24%), with an average age of 63 years (SD= 20 years). The exploratory factor analysis for the ethnic identity scale showed a KMO value of .91 and an acceptable internal consistency index (α = .78) for the two main factors: ethnic affirmation and belonging and commitment to the ethnic group. The Psychological Acculturation scale showed a KMO value of .92 and an acceptable internal consistency index (α = 0.73) for the factors of social relationship with the ethnic group and use of language. Confirmatory Factor Analysis using the maximum likelihood method showed convergent and divergent construct validity between the factors and all items presented acceptable factorial weights (λ > 0.5). Acceptable validity and reliability indexes were found that indicate the goodness and robustness of these measures to obtain results on ethnic identity perception and psychological acculturation. The participants claim to belong to an ethnic cultural group and maintain their ethnic identity through language and cultural practices, however, by interacting with a new culture they are exposed to a process of social adaptation.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41283609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conocimiento tradicional, agrobiodiversidad y prácticas agroecológicas en los liipakan (huertos familiares) de Olintla, Puebla","authors":"Patricia Tino-Antonio, Primo Sánchez-Morales, Dionicio Juárez-Ramón, Eckart Boege-Schmidt, Julio Sánchez-Escudero","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.12.pt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.12.pt","url":null,"abstract":"Home gardens are very old agroecosystems that show cultural identity and knowledge, so the present work aims to analyze the traditional ecological knowledge possessed by the peasant and indigenous families of Olintla, Puebla, in relation to the management of the home garden. The methodology implemented was through a case study that allowed us to apply a mixed methodology. Qualitative techniques were applied, such as the semi-structured interview, which was conducted with 15 key informants; and as a quantitative technique, the survey, in which a sample size of 76 families was calculated, obtained from a previous list of families that have home gardens (N=380) in order to collect primary information in a more complete way. With the data obtained, a database was created in Microsoft Excel ®, where the information obtained was recorded in a coded manner and processed with the SPSS program version 27.0. It was found that the farming families of Olintla name the family garden as liipakan in their native language, Totonac, and it was also found that the agrobiodiversity of the liipakan is reflected in the high number of species registered, which was 239, of which 130 are native; in addition, 142 are named in Totonac. A classification of 18 categories was also made according to their use; 10 agroecological practices used in the orchards were recorded as part of the traditional knowledge and a scale of knowledge possessed by the families was made, obtaining that 58 owners have a high to very high level of knowledge, which evidences the conservation of biodiversity and the preservation of the biocultural heritage. It is concluded that the liipakan are important because they are mainly used to produce food (49.8% of cultivated species) contributing to the food sovereignty of Olintla families; in addition, medicinal plants (24.7%) and ornamental species (23.4%) are cultivated there.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45039396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis de los factores que inciden las empresas locales de la cuidad de Los Mochis, Sinaloa para mejorar los mecanismos de cuidado al medio ambiente y comunidad","authors":"Elia Carmina Cota-Montes, Ruth Norma Hamasaki-Gálvez, Dulcelina Cota-Montes","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.06.ec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.04.2022.06.ec","url":null,"abstract":"The study on local companies joins the voices that demand a change in behavior around sustainability, care for the environment and aspects related to the social development of communities. Despite the fact that much has already been said about this urgency where the UN has established the Sustainable Development Goals as the purposes towards which nations should direct the course, and within them, government and business organizations, regardless of their size, activity and goals. However, there are still very few who have developed an awareness aimed at making profound changes in their behavior to achieve the objectives of sustainability in the world. The emergence of sustainability and environmental care create a new business culture from a social perspective. Based on the foregoing, local companies have been exhorted to assume a responsibility towards society beyond just satisfying needs for goods and services. Fulfilling a more social purpose implies that they carry out more ethical actions and take responsibility for the damage they do to the environment, as well as taking care of the impact that their activities have on the community where they are located. It is in this sense that this document discloses the results of the research that aimed to analyze the factors that prevent local companies in the city of Los Mochis, Sinaloa from maintaining the standards of environmental care and community. The research approach was qualitative, using the case study as a research strategy and the semi-structured interview as a data collection method. The level of the research was exploratory, thus opening the way to delve into the subject in future research. The results show that local companies have multiple problems that must be solved by improving the mechanisms so that the culture of caring for the environment and the community is assumed by owners and collaborators of the local company, elevating social interests over economic interests.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45643814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La deserción escolar por problemas de acceso y disponibilidad de conectividad a internet en los estudiantes de la UAIM, unidad Mochicahui, El Fuerte, Sinaloa","authors":"Víctor Manuel Hernández-Fierro, Héctor Javier López-López","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.07.vh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.07.vh","url":null,"abstract":"The present research has the objective of identifying the rate and causes of school dropout originated by the difficulty of access and availability of internet connectivity of incoming students at the Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México Mochicahui unit. For this purpose, a medication instrument based on a six-point Likert scale was used, using the descriptive method with a mixed approach. The results show that more than 63% of the students come from Sinaloa and the rest from the states of Chiapas, Chihuahua, Sonora, Baja California and State of Mexico, of which almost 80% speak some indigenous language, likewise almost 68% express that the use of cell phones is their main communication resource to develop their academic activities, among the main difficulties for which they cannot establish a good internet connection, is because of the geographical location where they live.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49384205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El espíritu emprendedor de los estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Los Mochis, Sinaloa","authors":"Gustavo Fabián Pérez-Álvarez, Iván Noel Álvarez-Sánchez, Miriam Aracely Pérez-Barraza","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.08.gp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.08.gp","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship provides society with new products and services, growth, renewal of existing industries, creation of new and better jobs. For this purpose, it was raised whether the students of the universities of the Mochis possess an entrepreneurial spirit. The research has a quantitative methodological design with a descriptive scope, with a non-experimental design. The sample was composed of 250 randomly selected students from 4 universities of the Mochis, Sinaloa. The results indicate that university entrepreneurs do not always have the skills and knowledge needed to conduct proper analysis, making it difficult to obtain relevant information, plan their activities and resources. This requires universities to empower and encourage innovative and entrepreneurial attitudes, together with prioritizing solutions that entrepreneurs can apply.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45757489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceso a la educación de los pueblos originarios en tiempos de pandemia. Experiencias de estudiantes de la Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Puebla","authors":"Belinda Rodríguez-Arrocha, María del Pilar Hernández-Limonchi","doi":"10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.02.br","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.18.02.2022.02.br","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to understand the experiences of the students of Law with Intercultural Perspective belonging to Intercultural University of the State of Puebla during Covid-19 time, as well as identify how they connected to online classes, through a quantitative methodology. \u0000In this sense, the results prove that digital divide still a problem in regard to in Mexico. The Central Campus of the said university is in Huehuetla, a Totonac village in northeast State of Puebla. Several students are from indigenous communities of the states of Veracruz and Puebla. It is important to remember that most of them belong to rural areas. In addition, the indigenous and rural population in Mexico had poor connectivity during pandemic years. The high cost of access was another problem for the academic education of their young members. Today, internet is a basic tool in high education learning. For this reason, the said gaps in Mexican homes do difficult advances in academic formation of youngest members of families. \u0000Furthermore, this paper exposes the right to education in international declarations and Mexican law. During the last decades, International and National laws have recognized also the rights of indigenous peoples. The education is an essential field of human development of all populations. Summary, internet connectivity is a crucial factor in regard to current human rights. Digital education is a challenge in global world, because having a computer is not enough for a rational use of new technologies.","PeriodicalId":44156,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ra Ximhai","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44429233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}