Anuario de Psicologia最新文献_第7页

Applying generalized analysis of covariance for accommodating individual differences: A study effect of faking on personality test 应用广义协方差分析适应个体差异:作假对人格测验的影响研究

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.002

Wahyu Widhiarso

引用次数: 2

Convergencias y divergencias genéticas, neurobiológicas y ambientales entre el autismo y el espectro de la esquizofrenia 自闭症和精神分裂症谱系之间的遗传、神经生物学和环境趋同和分化

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.11.001

Isabel Paula-Pérez

{"title":"Convergencias y divergencias genéticas, neurobiológicas y ambientales entre el autismo y el espectro de la esquizofrenia","authors":"Isabel Paula-Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The autistic spectrum and the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders concur more frequently than would be expected by chance alone. This article analyzes the evidence related to convergent and divergent risk factors at a genetic, neuroanatomical and environmental level that could explain this greater co-occurrence between both conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Development</h3><p>The high number of deletions and shared CNV duplications, including the genes NRXN1, CNTNAP2, 22q11.2, 1q21.1 and 15q13.3, mutations Shank3 and 7q11.23, among others, definitively calls into question the assumption that the spectrum of the schizophrenia and autism are 2etiologically totally differentiated conditions. The epigenetic effects contribute to brain cytoarchitecture anomalies in both spectra related to the volume of gray matter, reduced values of fractional anisotropy, hypoactivation patterns of certain cerebral structures, alterations in brain connectivity and neurochemicals among others. Autism and the spectrum of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders also share environmental risk factors, many of them related above all with obstetric complications and paternal age.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There is a genotypic overlap between the spectrum of autism and the spectrum of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders that supports the hypothesis that both conditions may emerge from common shared pathogenic mechanisms. These mechanisms, together with environmental risk factors, would explain some of the neurobiological similarities. It is important to clarify that phenotypically remain 2clearly differentiated conditions and that the possible appearance of psychotic symptoms in a subgroup of people with autism does not necessarily imply the development of schizophrenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 3","pages":"Pages 105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47563060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rasgos de personalidad en conductores infractores y factores de riesgo en la conducción 违规驾驶者的人格特征与驾驶风险因素

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.2

Sebastián Sánchez Marín, Emma Sánchez Sáez

引用次数: 0

Identificación del patrón de respuesta a la ansiedad en las supervivientes a corto plazo del cáncer de mama 对乳腺癌短期幸存者焦虑反应模式的识别

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.003

Francisco García-Torres, Francisco J. Alós, Rosario Castillo-Mayén

{"title":"Identificación del patrón de respuesta a la ansiedad en las supervivientes a corto plazo del cáncer de mama","authors":"Francisco García-Torres, Francisco J. Alós, Rosario Castillo-Mayén","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Anxiety appears frequently in short-term breast cancer survivors. There is no information, however, about the existence of a specific pattern of response in this group of patients.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Ten breast cancer survivors whose time from the end of treatment was between 1 and 5years and a control group from the general population, carried out the Inventory of Situations and Responses of Anxiety and a socio-demographic questionnaire designed <em>ad hoc.</em></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Survivors group obtained higher scores than the control group in anxiety systems (cognitive, physiological and motor) but with no significant differences. In survivors group a particular pattern was observed in which there were no differences between the systems, while in the control group there were differences between cognitive-physiological and cognitive-motor systems but no differences were observed between physiological and motor systems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In breast cancer survivors whose time from the end of treatment do not exceed 5years, a particular anxiety response pattern is obtained with higher scores in physiological and motor anxiety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48872008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The construction of the therapeutic alliance in couple therapy in two contrasting cases with depression 抑郁症两种对比病例夫妻治疗联盟的构建

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.09.001

Anna Vilaregut Puigdesens , Lourdes Artigas Miralles , Clara Mateu Martínez , Guillem Feixas Viaplana

引用次数: 1

The potential use of Forbrain® in stuttering: A single-case study Forbrain®在口吃中的潜在应用:一项单例研究

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.06.001

Carles Escera , Natàlia Gorina-Careta , Fran López-Caballero

{"title":"The potential use of Forbrain® in stuttering: A single-case study","authors":"Carles Escera , Natàlia Gorina-Careta , Fran López-Caballero","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a single-case study on the potential clinical relevance of a new altered auditory feedback (AAF) device (Forbrain<sup>®</sup>) in stuttering. One adult who stutter was tested in an appropriately-controlled single-case time-series (A-B-A) study. On each of six consecutive working days, the stuttering adult was instructed to read aloud during three different experimental phases: Baseline, Test and Post-test, while wearing a Forbrain<sup>®</sup> headset. During the Test phase the device was turned on, whereas it was off during Baseline and Post-test phases. This way the transient effects of Forbrain<sup>®</sup> could be analyzed. Six quantitative measures of voice quality were retrieved from the participant's voice recordings during his readings over each phase of the experiment. Data was statistically analyzed through the single-case <em>d-statistic</em>. A clear transient effect of Forbrain<sup>®</sup>, when turned on, was observed on voice quality, supported by significant differences between Baseline and Test, and Test and Post-test in the tilt of the trendline of the long term average spectrum (tLTAS) of the voice. The present single-case study support the effectiveness of Forbrain<sup>®</sup> in modifying the voice during stuttering, supporting its role as an AAF device.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42587370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Desarrollo neurocognitivo, funciones ejecutivas y cognición social en el contexto de niños de la calle 街头儿童的神经认知发展、执行功能和社会认知

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.002

Teresita Villaseñor-Cabrera , Cesar Antonio Castañeda-Navarrete , Adolfo Jarne Esparcia , Genoveva Rizo-Curiel , Miriam E. Jiménez-Maldonado

{"title":"Desarrollo neurocognitivo, funciones ejecutivas y cognición social en el contexto de niños de la calle","authors":"Teresita Villaseñor-Cabrera , Cesar Antonio Castañeda-Navarrete , Adolfo Jarne Esparcia , Genoveva Rizo-Curiel , Miriam E. Jiménez-Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The situation of kids from the street is similar to a form of abuse and severe chronic stress. This impact can imply delays in their neurodevelopment. In this context we present the results of an investigation where it was compared the performance in different cognitive functions between children in a social context of street and a group of kids that come from a socioeconomically structured family.</p></div><div><h3>Subjects and method</h3><p>Forty kids, 20 of them came from the street of the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara (Mexico) and 20 kids came from a socioeconomically structured family.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We have found that the cognitive performance of kids in social context of street was in general below their peers. The differences are concentrated in the executive functions of planning and inhibitory control, processing speed and memory, same verbal as visual, but they don’t present a worse neurocognitive development<em>.</em></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The kids from the street don’t present impairment in their neurocognitive development, although they are deficient in some functions. They perform a mistake of meta memory in a way of false positives; it means that they tend to overrate their possibilities of success and achievement; nevertheless paradoxically they perform in a correct way the false negatives, which are referred to their possibilities of failure. It could be that it constitutes a cognitive defense mechanism facing the harshness of their context. The level of development from the social cognition evaluated through the empathy is different in both groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42055353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The detection of individual psychological differences of native Spanish and immigrants from Morocco, based on testing of proprioceptive control in fine motor performance 基于精细运动表现本体感觉控制测试的西班牙本地人和摩洛哥移民个体心理差异检测

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.003

Liudmila Liutsko , Yulia Malova , José Gutiérrez Maldonado , Josep Maria Tous Ral

{"title":"The detection of individual psychological differences of native Spanish and immigrants from Morocco, based on testing of proprioceptive control in fine motor performance","authors":"Liudmila Liutsko , Yulia Malova , José Gutiérrez Maldonado , Josep Maria Tous Ral","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Russian physiologists and psychologists posed the questions of the levels of psychic regulation of the temperament, character and personality (<span>Anan’ev, 1980</span>, <span>Nebylitsin, 1966</span>, <span>Pavlov, 1951</span>, <span>Teplov, 1963</span>). The aim of our study was to observe the differences due to both – cultural nature and individual changes in personality – relevant to adjustment mechanisms in Arabic migrants in Spain.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Proprioceptive Diagnostics of Temperament and Character (DP-TC, <span>Tous Ral et al., 2012</span>) was used to obtain observations in fine motor performance in two groups: immigrants from Morocco to Spain and Spaniards. The DP-TC of individual and personality differences is based on fine motor precision tasks and allows comparing performances of participants from different cultures with no bias of linguistic interpretation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The significant differences in fine motor performance (proprioceptive condition) were found in average group's results. The consequent interpretation of their personality and individual behavioural differences was realised as per the DP-TC test dimensions. The results are discussed in terms of the interplay between possible cultural and individual differences concerning changes, related to the adjustment in migration processes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The assertiveness’-related temperament-features in migrants were found low together with cultural differences in variability of behaviour and attention style.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 1","pages":"Pages 26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54256537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Psychometric properties of the Catalan version of DS14 scale for assessing Type-D personality 加泰罗尼亚版DS14量表评定d型人格的心理测量特性

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.001

Olga Malas , Ignacio Lucas , Jorge Lario , Anton Aluja

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Catalan version of DS14 scale for assessing Type-D personality","authors":"Olga Malas , Ignacio Lucas , Jorge Lario , Anton Aluja","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This study was designed to check the psychometric properties of an online Catalan version of the </span>Type D Personality Scale-14 (DS14). Participants were 600 subjects including university professors, service and administrative personnel (</span><em>n</em>  =181); in total 196 men (32.7%) and 404 women (67.3%) with a mean age of 36.99 (SD=12.76). The sample was randomly split in two groups: calibration and validation. The structural validity was analyzed in the calibration group (<em>n</em>  <span>311) using exploratory factor analysis with oblique and orthogonal rotation procedures, showing two robust factor structure, corresponding to Negative Affectivity (NA) and Social Inhibition (SI). No differences were found comparing the two rotation methods. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed in the validation group (</span><em>n</em>                  <!-->0.85/0.88), and demonstrates good psychometric properties, being a suitable instrument for use in research in the Catalan population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 1","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54256529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Pautas para elaborar trabajos que utilizan la metodología observacional 使用观察方法编写论文的指导方针

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.02.001

M. Teresa Anguera , Angel Blanco-Villaseñor , José Luis Losada , Mariona Portell

引用次数: 47