Anuario de Psicologia最新文献_第6页

Impacto de la violencia comunitaria en los estilos de vida de adultos jóvenes en México. 社区暴力对墨西哥年轻人生活方式的影响。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.11

J. L. Y. Sagarduy, L. A. O. Ramírez, Gloria Margarita Gurrola Peña, Daniela Romero Reyes

{"title":"Impacto de la violencia comunitaria en los estilos de vida de adultos jóvenes en México.","authors":"J. L. Y. Sagarduy, L. A. O. Ramírez, Gloria Margarita Gurrola Peña, Daniela Romero Reyes","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.11","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, community violence has increased, encompassing all types of crime (assault, rape, robbery, kidnapping). The present study aims to verify how young Mexican adults have modified their lifestyles due to the insecurity of their community and to analyze if there is a relationship between direct, indirect and contextual victimization with the fact of modifying their lifestyle. An ex post facto retrospective study was carried out, with a single group and multiple measures. A sample of 1470 university students from different states of the country was applied the Scale of Victimization and the Scale of Exposure to Community Violence and an open question was asked about the activities they had stopped doing due to the insecurity of their community. More than half of the sample reports that they have stopped doing activities that they previously did (eg, going to different places) or changed the frequency with which they do it or indicates that they have modified the schedule in the realization of their activities or in the visit to places or states that it takes precautionary measures (eg, avoid unknown people, go out alone, walk as if nothing in the street, take taxis, close doors and windows). It was found that direct and indirect victimization, as well as exposure to community violence or contextual victimization are predictors of these changes in the lifestyles of young adults.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43721253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Los Modelos Bifactor vs. los Modelos Factoriales Mixtos en la estructura factorial del TDAH. 多动症因子结构中的双因子模型与混合因子模型。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.12

J. F. D. Miguel

{"title":"Los Modelos Bifactor vs. los Modelos Factoriales Mixtos en la estructura factorial del TDAH.","authors":"J. F. D. Miguel","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.12","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the bifactor model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been widely investigated. This model consists of a general dimension of ADHD and two specific factors (inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity). On the other hand, mixed factor models (FMM) have also begun to be implemented in the study of the structure of ADHD due to the possibility of combining categorical and continuous variables that facilitate the study of the latent reality of the disorder. The aim of the present work was to describe and analyse the research published in the last ten years (from 2008 to 2018) that were based on bifactor models and mixed factor models (FMM) for the analysis of the structure of ADHD. Given that, to date, there is no consistent evidence on an optimal model of the disorder in children and adolescents. For this, an exhaustive review based on a bibliographic search was presented, where the publications of scientific journals referring to the objective of the work were analysed. The studies conclude that the bifactor is superior to the traditional model of two correlated factors, according to the adjustment obtained by factor analysis, while the mixed factorial model of ADHD of two factors and two classes has shown a better adjustment than most of the bifactor models.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43601390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reconocimiento de patrones visuales en infantes de 12 y 14 semanas de nacimiento. 出生12周和14周婴儿的视觉模式识别。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.1

L. Ramírez

{"title":"Reconocimiento de patrones visuales en infantes de 12 y 14 semanas de nacimiento.","authors":"L. Ramírez","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.1","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este estudio experimental bifactorial de series repetidas fue establecer la presencia de la capacidad de reconocimiento temprano de patrones visuales en dos grupos de 20 infantes cada uno, de 12 y 14 semanas de nacimiento. Se utilizo la tecnica de «mirada preferencial» medida sobre cuatro parejas de estimulos visuales de complejidad opuesta expuestos durante un minuto en cada caso. La hipotesis propuso que los bebes mas pequenos elegirian los patrones complejos por delante de los simples, al igual que lo harian los de mayor edad. Los estimulos fueron laminas de carton de 20×20 centimetros cada una expuestas a 30 centimetros de los ojos del bebe. Los resultados confirmaron la hipotesis en los bebes de 12 semanas con tiempo de fijacion al estimulo de mayor complejidad por pareja estimular en segundos asi: x = 18,76 versus ( x = 9,83); x = 15,75 versus x = 8,56; x = 11,62 y x = 10,67, y, x = 11,02 y x = 9,45. En el caso de los bebes de 14 semanas de nacimiento: x = 18,81 versus x = 10,08; x = 15,82 versus x = 8,93; x = 11,55 versus x = 10,68; y de x = 9,1 y x = 9,58 segundos respectivamente. Se concluye que la maduracion parece tener un efecto de preeminencia sobre la variable de procedencia geografica y de aprendizaje de los examinados.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41951196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Shopping and Leisure Go Together in Malls. User Experiences in Barcelona. 当购物和休闲在商场一起时。巴塞罗那的用户体验。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.6

Nuria Codina, J. Pestana, Marina Romeo Delgado, Montserrat Yepes i Baldó

{"title":"When Shopping and Leisure Go Together in Malls. User Experiences in Barcelona.","authors":"Nuria Codina, J. Pestana, Marina Romeo Delgado, Montserrat Yepes i Baldó","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.6","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa presencia de centros comerciales donde las personas consumen y practican ocios ha aumentado en las ultimas decadas. Dada la importancia de los centros comerciales tanto para el consumo como para el ocio y la falta de estudios que expliquen estos comportamientos en nuestro contexto, este estudio describe las actividades realizadas y la experiencia de visitar centros comerciales en Barcelona. Los participantes fueron 411 hombres y 379 mujeres de 16 a 56 anos de edad (M = 35,87, SD = 9,74); la informacion se recopilo con un cuestionario que incluia elementos sobre las actividades, la frecuencia de asistencia y las valoraciones de las visitas al centro comercial. Los resultados ofrecen una caracterizacion de los usuarios de los centros comerciales de Barcelona (por genero, edad, que hacen alli y como los experimentan) y contribuyen a la discusion sobre los centros comerciales como lugares de ocio. EnglishThe presence of shopping malls where people consume and practice leisure has increased in recent decades. Given the importance of shopping malls for both consumption and leisure, and the lack of studies that explain these behaviors in our context, this study describes the activities accomplished and the experience of visiting shopping centers in Barcelona. The participants were 411 men and 379 women aged between 16 and 56 (M = 35.87, SD = 9.74); information was collected with a questionnaire, which included items about activities, frequency of attendance, and evaluations of visiting the mall. The results offer a characterization of Barcelona’s shopping-center users (by gender, age, what they do there, and how malls are experienced), and add to the discussion about shopping centers as placed-based leisure settings.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43989447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Co-ocurrencia e interrelaciones entre la victimización, cybervictimización, bullying y cyberbullying en adolescentes. 青少年受害、网络受害、欺凌和网络欺凌的共同发生和相互关系。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.1344/ANPSIC2019.49.5

S. Resett

{"title":"Co-ocurrencia e interrelaciones entre la victimización, cybervictimización, bullying y cyberbullying en adolescentes.","authors":"S. Resett","doi":"10.1344/ANPSIC2019.49.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/ANPSIC2019.49.5","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to explore at four points in time the co-occurrence and interrelations between victimization and cybervictimization in adolescents, on the one hand, and between bullying and cyberbullying, on the other. An intentional sample of 450 students from two high schools in Parana, Entre Rios, was set up. Some 54% were male; the average age was 15.6 years. The participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Olweus Aggressors/Victims Questionnaire and the Calvete et al. Cyberbullying Questionnaire. The results indicated a low percentage of co-occurrence for victimization and cybervictimization in the four instances (5%, 3%, 4% and 4%). Regarding the degree of co-occurrence between bullying and cyberbullying, it was also low (4%, 2%, 4% and 3%). Two adjusted structural autoregressive cross-lagged models indicated that previous victimization scores were predictors of later victimization, and the same for cybervictimization, bullying and cyberbullying. Likewise, there were bidirectional effects between victimization and cybervictimization throughout the four periods, on the one hand, and between bullying and cyberbullying, on the other. However, the paths were a little more significant from victimization to cybervictimization, and more significant from cyberbullying to bullying. In the discussion these findings are analyzed from various theoretical contributions to explain interrelations. Also, we provide the limitations of this study.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45642448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influencia de la formación musical en el rendimiento académico: una revisión bibliográfica 音乐训练对学业成绩的影响:文献综述

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.3

Cristina Álvaro-Mora, Miguel Ángel Serrano-Rosa

{"title":"Influencia de la formación musical en el rendimiento académico: una revisión bibliográfica","authors":"Cristina Álvaro-Mora, Miguel Ángel Serrano-Rosa","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.3","url":null,"abstract":"La formacion musical ha generado un reciente interes en el campo de la educacion y la psicologia con el aumento de la investigacion desde la neurociencia, la cual demuestra sus efectos positivos en el desarrollo tanto a nivel cognitivo como de rendimiento academico. El objetivo de esta revision es conocer los procesos cognitivos que explican la relacion entre la formacion musical y el rendimiento academico. Para ello, sintetizamos un conjunto de estudios mediante un procedimiento estructurado en tres pasos: busqueda inicial, sistematica y manual. Los resultados muestran como los alumnos con formacion musical presentan mejor memoria verbal, funciones ejecutivas, atencion selectiva y plasticidad cerebral. Estos datos sugieren que el entrenamiento musical durante el periodo escolar puede favorecer el rendimiento academico. El grado de estos cambios parece ser precedido por las diferencias individuales preexistentes en los alumnos, asi como en el tiempo de entrenamiento, entre otros factores. Concluimos que la formacion musical produce efectos positivos directos sobre la diferenciacion neuroanatomica, habilidades cognitivas y, a su vez, un aumento del logro y rendimiento academico.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43609481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Análisis de una escala breve de conductas de riesgo en internet en jóvenes Chilenos. 智利年轻人在互联网上危险行为的简短量表分析。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.1344/anpsic2019.49.4

I. Montiel, Nancy Molina, Yanko Escalona, J. Riquelme, L. Rojas, C. Guerra

{"title":"Análisis de una escala breve de conductas de riesgo en internet en jóvenes Chilenos.","authors":"I. Montiel, Nancy Molina, Yanko Escalona, J. Riquelme, L. Rojas, C. Guerra","doi":"10.1344/anpsic2019.49.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/anpsic2019.49.4","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades psicometricas de una escala breve para evaluar conductas de riesgo en internet. El estudio se desarrollo en dos fases en las que participaron 595 jovenes residentes en Chile (263 estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 19 anos y 332 estudiantes de secundaria de 15 a 19 anos). Los participantes respondieron la escala de conductas de riesgo en internet y varias preguntas referidas a sus habitos y experiencias en la red. Los resultados de analisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios mostraron que la escala se compone de dos factores: «contacto temerario con desconocidos» (donde el riesgo estaria determinado por la vinculacion imprudente con potenciales agresores online) y «riesgo indirecto» (que considera conductas esperables para la edad, pero riesgosas, ya que situan al joven en el contexto virtual donde los agresores online suelen captar a sus victimas). Los resultados apoyaron la validez de la escala, puesto que ambos factores se relacionaron del modo esperado con la frecuencia del uso de internet, la edad de inicio en internet, el numero de amigos que el joven solo conoce online y con la frecuencia de experimentacion de victimizacion sexual online. Sin embargo, se apreciaron problemas de consistencia interna en el factor «riesgo indirecto», lo que sugiere que es necesario continuar evaluando las propiedades psicometrica de la escala.","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42618965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Rasgos de personalidad en conductores infractores y factores de riesgo en la conducción 违规司机的个性特征和驾驶风险因素。

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.003

Sebastián Sánchez Marín , Emma Sánchez Sáez

{"title":"Rasgos de personalidad en conductores infractores y factores de riesgo en la conducción","authors":"Sebastián Sánchez Marín , Emma Sánchez Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The main objective of this article is to answer the following questions: 1) Are there significant differences in personality dimensions between the infringing drivers and the general population? 2) Is the profile of the offending driver (consumption of alcohol or other drugs, speed, distraction, breach of rules and signals) related to his personality dimension? and 3) In the sample of offended drivers, are there differences in risk profiles in driving between men and women? The second objective, in the case of finding an affirmative answer to the questions posed, is to propose a review of the training programs that are currently used in awareness and road re-education courses for delinquent drivers in Catalonia.The data of this investigation have been obtained from a sample of drivers who, as a result of the commission of infractions or crimes against traffic safety, have attended, as students, awareness and road reeducation courses in centers located in different towns of Catalonia. To measure the personality dimensions, the EPQ-RA instrument, which is a reduced version of the original personality questionnaire of Eysenck (1994), has been used.</div>","PeriodicalId":44066,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Psicologia","volume":"48 3","pages":"Pages 92-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49654132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The study of character strengths and life satisfaction: A comparison between affective-component and cognitive-component traits 性格优势与生活满意度的研究:情感成分特质与认知成分特质的比较

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.001

Ana Blasco-Belled , Carles Alsinet, Cristina Torrelles-Nadal, Agnès Ros-Morente

引用次数: 9

Correlato neural de la lectura en bilingües

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Anuario de Psicologia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpsic.2018.10.004

Alioth Guerrero-Aranda, Fabiola Reveca Gómez-Velázquez, Andrés Antonio González-Garrido

引用次数: 0