Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics最新文献

{"title":"A forum for global population health, technological advances and implementation science.","authors":"M S Sandhu","doi":"10.1017/gheg.2015.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gheg.2015.2","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to Global Health, Epidemiology & Genomics (GHEG), a new Open Access journal committed to providing a forum for communicating research and views on interdisciplinary global health. GHEG welcomes research contributions that address and increase our understanding of human population diversity, health and disease, with a special emphasis on those that describe advances in technologies [1] and implementation science [2] relevant to global health and disadvantaged populations. In the face of emerging epidemics, neglected diseases, drug resistance and complex epidemiological transitions, we need to improve access to and delivery of healthcare on a global scale, including integrated healthcare systems for both communicable and non-communicable diseases and co-morbidities at a cost that can be borne by nations with limited resourcing and within the most challenging environments [3]. To facilitate the integration of research findings and evidence into healthcare policy and practice, we will also need to assimilate discovery science and technological advances, including new drugs, vaccines, and methods for disease surveillance and diagnosis. Such advances have the potential to save millions of lives, globally. In these contexts, GHEG will disseminate a broad range of research and views on global health. We aim to promote research that spans genetic disease susceptibility and genomic medicine [4], pathogen surveillance and disease transmission, to the integration of e-health resources, mobile technologies, point-of-care testing for diseases [1], healthcare systems and delivery, and pragmatic community or therapeutic interventions to improve global human health. The breadth of this journal will be its strength. As an Open Access and on-line journal, we encourage readers to access articles outside the immediate scope of their own work and thereby increase and strengthen knowledge beyond their individual specialties. We believe that by building an interactive, open and welcoming community of global health research and implementation professionals we can increase the level of interest, understanding and commitment to work in the global health arena. To that end, alongside the journal, we have developed an active website featuring interviews, blog articles and social media comments. We encourage our readership to actively contribute in this area. For ease of navigation, we have categorised contributions to GHEG by subject matter covering a comprehensive range of relevant areas including epidemiology, genetics, observational epidemiological studies, community interventions, clinical trials, health systems and services, and population demography and history. Given that many articles will have multidisciplinary themes, we will link articles across research themes, disciplines and by geographic region. These future developments will help identify knowledge gaps and research needs. We also plan to publish themed collections of the journal to allow for detailed","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"1 ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gheg.2015.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36192820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study profile: the Durban Diabetes Study (DDS): a platform for chronic disease research.","authors":"T R Hird,&nbsp;E H Young,&nbsp;F J Pirie,&nbsp;J Riha,&nbsp;T M Esterhuizen,&nbsp;B O'Leary,&nbsp;M I McCarthy,&nbsp;M S Sandhu,&nbsp;A A Motala","doi":"10.1017/gheg.2015.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gheg.2015.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Durban Diabetes Study (DDS) is a population-based cross-sectional survey of an urban black population in the eThekwini Municipality (city of Durban) in South Africa. The survey combines health, lifestyle and socioeconomic questionnaire data with standardised biophysical measurements, biomarkers for non-communicable and infectious diseases, and genetic data. Data collection for the study is currently underway and the target sample size is 10 000 participants. The DDS has an established infrastructure for survey fieldwork, data collection and management, sample processing and storage, managed data sharing and consent for re-approaching participants, which can be utilised for further research studies. As such, the DDS represents a rich platform for investigating the distribution, interrelation and aetiology of chronic diseases and their risk factors, which is critical for developing health care policies for disease management and prevention. For data access enquiries please contact the African Partnership for Chronic Disease Research (APCDR) at data@apcdr.org or the corresponding author.</p>","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"1 ","pages":"e2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gheg.2015.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35687821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capitalizing on natural experiments in low- to middle-income countries to explore epigenetic contributions to disease risk in migrant populations.","authors":"J Jaime Miranda,&nbsp;Caren Weinhouse,&nbsp;Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco,&nbsp;Lijing L Yan","doi":"10.1017/gheg.2015.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gheg.2015.4","url":null,"abstract":"Migration poses a significant and worsening public health problem. As the world becomes increasingly interdependent and the global population continues to expand, rates of bothwithincountry and international migration are rising. Migrants tend to experience differential risks for chronic disease, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases [1–7]. Differential health outcomes in international migrants are not limited to migrants fromdeveloping todevelopedcountries;migrants fromonedeveloped country to anotherwith regional differences in chronic disease risk may be impacted, as well [8]. Lifestyle factors do not fully explain increased disease risk in some migrant populations. Prior studies have suggested that increases in body mass and blood pressure in migrant populations are related to stress-induced dietary or physical activity changes. These increased risk factors may subsequently influence disease risk [3]. However, individuals that migrated from a subsistence lifestyle on Pacific atoll Tokelau to an urbanized Western lifestyle in New Zealand showed increased blood pressure in men that cannot be fully explained by concomitant dietary changes and weight gain [4]. Migrants often display cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk intermediate to that of non-migrants in their country of origin and to host population natives [5, 9]. These outcomes suggest that setting of origin, together with initial exposures to such settings, plays a role in acquired disease even in the presence of host population lifestyle factors [5, 9]. Although lifetime risks in migrant groups may approach those of the host population over time, there is evidence for differential health outcomes in migrant populations as compared with non-migrants in studies with relatively long follow-up periods. For example, the Finnish Twins Cohort study reported CVD risk intermediate to that of the migrants’ country of origin and of the host population after a 23-year follow-up [5]. Further, in cases in which lifetime risks of migrants do approach the host population over time, the intervening period of differential health is of strong public health interest. Genetic differences do not fully explain differential disease risk, either. Genetic heterogeneity within a country may contribute to differences in health outcomes between migrants and non-migrants if migration is non-random for genetic markers [8]. However, twins that migrated from Finland to Sweden displayed a higher CVD risk than low-risk native Swedes, but a lower risk than their co-twins in highrisk Finland. These data suggest that differential health by the migration status is strongly influenced by environmental factors [5]. In addition, cardiovascular risk factors in * Address for correspondence: J. Jaime Miranda, MD, PhD, CRONICAS Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades Cronicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 497, Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru. (Email: jaime.miranda@upch.pe)","PeriodicalId":44052,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics","volume":"1 ","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gheg.2015.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36192821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}