Galen Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Early Description of Common Embryonic Origin of Skin and Nervous System by Avicenna.","authors":"Sobhan Ghezloo, Babak Daneshfard, Ebrahim Khadem","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3330","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Cancer on Mental Health and the Importance of Supportive Services.","authors":"Zhila Fereidouni, Samaneh Dehghan Abnavi, Zeinab Ghanbari, Roqayeh Gashmard, Fatemeh Zarepour, Neda Khalili Samani, Abraham Rajesh Sharma, Afsaneh Ghasemi","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3327","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a complex disease that affects the physical and psychological well-being of the patient, their families, and caregivers. Indeed, cancer-related mental health disorders could impact treatment adherence, quality of life, and overall health outcomes. In addition, approximately 30% of patients may experience cancer-related psychological disorders, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress. Also, caregivers of patients with cancer can experience significant emotional, physical, and financial stress, which can have a negative impact on their health. Therefore, to address these issues, mental health resources should be integrated into cancer care settings to identify and intervene early for individuals with psychological distress. Hence, providing psychological support, counseling, and education about coping strategies could create a safe and supportive environment where individuals can express their emotions, reducing feelings of isolation and depression. However, there are some important barriers to accessing mental health support for individuals with cancer, including stigma, cultural attitudes, and financial and logistical challenges. Hence, strategies to overcome these barriers include increasing awareness and education about the importance of mental health care, providing integrated care that addresses both physical and mental health needs, and utilizing telehealth services. So, healthcare providers should continue to develop and implement innovative approaches to mental health care that are tailored to the essential requirements of individuals with cancer and to enhance knowledge regarding the key roles of mental health care for individuals with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of First Wave of COVID-19 on Colon Cancer Multi-disciplinary Team Performance: A Two-Year Analysis.","authors":"Kulkarni Gaurav Vidyadhar, Kumaran Narenkumar, Kelkar Ashish Prabhakar","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3305","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We investigated the effects of COVID-19-related delay on two-year outcomes of colon cancer treatment during the first wave of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety-two patients were referred for bowel cancer at our National Health Service (NHS) trust between March and July 2020, and 41 patients were treated for colon cancer and followed up (a two-year) through a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Treatment delays and overall survival (OS) were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment delays were observed in 48% of patients. The average delay was 31 days beyond the 62-day mark (P0.001). Logistic and binary logistic regression models showed that a comorbid diagnosis of respiratory disease had a significant effect on delays in management and two-year outcomes (P=0.04), but without the likelihood of upstaging or a poorer outcome (P=0.942). The overall survival rate was 81.5%. Eight percent of bowel cancer surgeries could have been avoided if endoscopic visualization and biopsy were available, and 8% more surgeries could have been performed laparoscopically without fear of surrounding aerosols.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings showed that oncologic care provided minimal disruption to trust during the COVID-19 pandemic owing to a quick association between the NHS site and a green non-NHS site, resulting in acceptable two-year outcomes for colon cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Padzahr Tablet on Biochemical Indices of Bone Remodeling in Postmenopausal Females with Osteopenia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shabnam Rafiee, Arash Hossein-Nezhad, Zhila Maghbooli, Arman Zargaran, Solaleh Emamgholipour, Afsaneh Ghasemi, Mehrnoosh Ahmadi, Hadi Esmaeeli, Mehrdad Karimi","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2950","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is a complex disease that poses major global public health challenges. Many individuals with osteoporosis turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for prevention and management. Due to its mineral contents, Padzahr, a type of clay used in traditional Persian medicine, is believed to have bone-forming properties. This study examined the impact of Padzahr on bone remodeling in postmenopausal women with low bone density.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial, 48 postmenopausal women with osteopenia were included. The participants were divided into two groups, with 24 participants in each group. One group received Padzahr, and the other group received a placebo. The participants took their assigned treatment for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken from participants at the study's beginning and end to compare the two groups' serum levels of bone remodeling biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the outset of the study, the two groups were similar and there were no significant differences in any of the measured variables. Additionally, the levels of bone turnover markers were not significantly different between the two groups at the start of the study (P0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the results of the ANCOVA analysis showed no significant changes in the serum levels of bone turnover indices when comparing the Padzahr group to the placebo group (P0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A clinical trial of 3 months of Padzahr treatment in postmenopausal women with osteopenia did not show significant changes in serum markers of bone turnover.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Sofosbuvir in Outpatients with COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study.","authors":"Maryam Haddadzadeh Shoushtari, Hanieh Raji, Seyed Hamid Borsi, Heshmatollah Tavakol, Bahman Cheraghian, Mahtab Moeinpour","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3035","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has engendered scores of deaths worldwide. Just as the development of varying procedures during the pandemic has helped inhibit the disease, none is considered a definitive treatment protocol for this problem, as each induces some clinical complications pertinent to the disease. This study thus assessed the early use of sofosbuvir in outpatients with mild COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 360 patients with mild COVID-19 infection at 17 Shahrivar Ahvaz Health Center. These patients were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. Both the control and intervention groups received 400 mg of sofosbuvir and a placebo for seven days, respectively. After 14 days from the onset of the treatment, the duration of symptoms, the necessity of hospitalization, the mean of hospitalization duration, and mortality were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common symptoms in the intervention and control groups were coughs with a frequency of 46 (25.6%) and 54(30%), respectively. The two groups showed no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the first observed clinical symptom related to the disease (P=0.2). The mean days that the patients were symptomatic in the control group were 14±4.17, whereas, in the intervention group, it was 12.12±3.15 (P=0.08). The frequency of hospitalization in the control and intervention groups was 7 (3.8%) and 4 (2.22%), respectively (P=0.11). Moreover, the mean days of hospitalization in the control and the intervention groups were 4±1.1 and 3±0.8, respectively (P=0.15). In addition, the two groups had a similar frequency of hospitalization in the ICU (0) and mortality rate (0).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sofosbuvir alone cannot play a significant role in the treatment of outpatients with mild COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gap Between Expected and Perceived Organizational Culture in an Iranian University of Medical Sciences from the Perspective of Different Stakeholder Groups.","authors":"Mina Riahi, Seyed Ahmad Ahmadi, Aidin Aryankhesal","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2507","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organizational culture plays a key role in the success of organizations. Therefore, it is important to measure the gap between stakeholders' perceptions and expectations of the dominant culture in that organization. This study investigates the gap between the perceptions and expectations of the academic community at the Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April to the end of October 2021. 960 students, faculty members, staff, and administrators were selected using simple random sampling. The data was collected through Robbin's organizational culture questionnaire including ten components to assess the gap between the existing (perceived) and desired (expected) organizational status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest and lowest gap between expectations and perceptions out of five possible scores were observed in the reward system (1.74±1.16) and communication patterns (1.01±1.16) components, respectively. The gap between participants' perceptions and expectations is associated with individuals' demographic characteristics in most organizational culture components (P0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing productivity in the university depends on strengthening and promoting its organizational culture. The organizational culture can be improved by meeting the academic community's expectations by paying attention to the demographic characteristics of staff and taking the necessary actions. Therefore, it should be a strategic priority for managers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Ovarian Torsion in an 8-year Old Girl; A Case Report Study.","authors":"Samaneh Yazdanpanah, Malihe Mahmoudnia","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3060","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian torsion in children causes abdominal pain. The clinical symptoms resemble other abdominal diseases, such as appendicitis. It happens when the ovary twists on its ligamentous attachment, which stops blood from getting to the ovary. A fast diagnosis accompanied by a high level of clinical suspicion and immediate surgical intervention is obligatory to save the ovaries and avoid complications.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>In this case study, we describe a case of ovarian torsion in an 8-year-old Iranian girl who came with persistent (non-colicky) right-side abdominal pain. After ultrasonographic examinations, she was identified with an enlarged heterogeneous right ovary indicative of ovarian torsion and underwent emergency laparotomy without oophorectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It may be challenging to determine the source of abdominal pain in pediatric patients, due to factors such as insufficiently comprehensive medical histories and examinations, limitations in con-ducting radiological procedures, as well as the comparatively diminished specificity of results in contrast to adult populations. If torsion is confirmed by ultrasonography, detorsion with without oophorectomy is advised for conservative treatment. This article presents a case study and a brief examination of the issues and complications associated with the identification and management of pediatric ovarian torsion.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of PALB2 and BRIP1 Genes Expression in the Breast Cancer Cell Line under the Influence of Tamoxifen.","authors":"Hamed Kharrati-Koopaee, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Mehdi Dianatpour, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.2483","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.2483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is considered one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Cancer incidence and consequently, drug consumption can strongly influence gene expressions at the transcriptome level. Therefore, the assessment of the candidate biomarkers' gene expression can accelerate the diagnosis process and increase the chance of treatment and remission. In this regard, the quantitative assessment of Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) and BRCA1 Interacting Helicase 1 (BRIP1) genes expression in the breast cancer cell line under the treatment of Tamoxifen (TAM) was executed in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>MCF7 cells were cultured as TAM-treated and control groups. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed based on the instructions of provided kits. qPCR Hi-ROX Master Mix kit was applied to the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). The outputs of Q-PCR were analyzed by REST statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcomes derived from data analysis of BRIP1 gene expression did not show any significant difference between the gene expression of control and TAM-treated groups. The expression of PALB2 was significantly higher in the TAM-treated group compared to the control group (P0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings showed a significant alteration between PALB2 gene expression in the TAM-treated breast cancer cell line and the control cell line. The quantitative assessment of mentioned genes as possible markers could be considered a non-invasive method for breast cancer in the processes of prognostic evaluations, screening, and treatment monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Namaste Care: A Person-Centered Approach to Enhance the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"R. Rezapour-Nasrabad, Marzieh Heydari, Seyedeh Fatemeh Moosavi Moqaddam, Saeedeh Piri, Elham Sadeghi Moghimi, Sanaz Rustaee","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3205","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"27 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonin-related Mechanisms in the Etiology and Pharmacotherapy of Social Phobia, A Review.","authors":"Malihe Arjmandi Ghandashtani, Sahar Poudineh, Alireza Sarlak, Maryam Poudineh","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3072","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social anxiety disorder (SAD), known as social phobia, is considered a prevalent psychiatric disorder characterized by a constant fear of social positions. Frequently, social phobia occurs with other mental disorders including depression and substance abuse conditions. Although SAD is considered one of the most common types of mental disorders, proper management may be compromised in recurrent psychiatric comorbidity due to clinicians' focus on secondary complications. Moreover, despite the description of social phobia as a polygenic and complex condition, few altered genetic and epigenetic factors are identified as causative agents. Over the past decades, several studies have suggested polymorphisms in serotonergic and dopaminergic-related genes as the etiology of social phobia. Serotonin, on the other hand, as a necessary neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), is involved in a variety of disease processes including social phobia. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of serotonin-dependent development of the disease and the efficacy of suggested pharmacotherapies are not fully understood. The current study aimed to review the serotonin-dependent mechanisms by which SAD develops and discuss the current suggested strategies that are based on serotonin metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}