Galen Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effects of First Wave of COVID-19 on Colon Cancer Multi-disciplinary Team Performance: A Two-Year Analysis.","authors":"Kulkarni Gaurav Vidyadhar, Kumaran Narenkumar, Kelkar Ashish Prabhakar","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3305","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v13i.3305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We investigated the effects of COVID-19-related delay on two-year outcomes of colon cancer treatment during the first wave of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety-two patients were referred for bowel cancer at our National Health Service (NHS) trust between March and July 2020, and 41 patients were treated for colon cancer and followed up (a two-year) through a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Treatment delays and overall survival (OS) were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment delays were observed in 48% of patients. The average delay was 31 days beyond the 62-day mark (P0.001). Logistic and binary logistic regression models showed that a comorbid diagnosis of respiratory disease had a significant effect on delays in management and two-year outcomes (P=0.04), but without the likelihood of upstaging or a poorer outcome (P=0.942). The overall survival rate was 81.5%. Eight percent of bowel cancer surgeries could have been avoided if endoscopic visualization and biopsy were available, and 8% more surgeries could have been performed laparoscopically without fear of surrounding aerosols.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings showed that oncologic care provided minimal disruption to trust during the COVID-19 pandemic owing to a quick association between the NHS site and a green non-NHS site, resulting in acceptable two-year outcomes for colon cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gap Between Expected and Perceived Organizational Culture in an Iranian University of Medical Sciences from the Perspective of Different Stakeholder Groups.","authors":"Mina Riahi, Seyed Ahmad Ahmadi, Aidin Aryankhesal","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2507","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organizational culture plays a key role in the success of organizations. Therefore, it is important to measure the gap between stakeholders' perceptions and expectations of the dominant culture in that organization. This study investigates the gap between the perceptions and expectations of the academic community at the Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April to the end of October 2021. 960 students, faculty members, staff, and administrators were selected using simple random sampling. The data was collected through Robbin's organizational culture questionnaire including ten components to assess the gap between the existing (perceived) and desired (expected) organizational status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest and lowest gap between expectations and perceptions out of five possible scores were observed in the reward system (1.74±1.16) and communication patterns (1.01±1.16) components, respectively. The gap between participants' perceptions and expectations is associated with individuals' demographic characteristics in most organizational culture components (P0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing productivity in the university depends on strengthening and promoting its organizational culture. The organizational culture can be improved by meeting the academic community's expectations by paying attention to the demographic characteristics of staff and taking the necessary actions. Therefore, it should be a strategic priority for managers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of PALB2 and BRIP1 Genes Expression in the Breast Cancer Cell Line under the Influence of Tamoxifen.","authors":"Hamed Kharrati-Koopaee, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Mehdi Dianatpour, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.2483","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.2483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is considered one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Cancer incidence and consequently, drug consumption can strongly influence gene expressions at the transcriptome level. Therefore, the assessment of the candidate biomarkers' gene expression can accelerate the diagnosis process and increase the chance of treatment and remission. In this regard, the quantitative assessment of Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) and BRCA1 Interacting Helicase 1 (BRIP1) genes expression in the breast cancer cell line under the treatment of Tamoxifen (TAM) was executed in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>MCF7 cells were cultured as TAM-treated and control groups. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed based on the instructions of provided kits. qPCR Hi-ROX Master Mix kit was applied to the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). The outputs of Q-PCR were analyzed by REST statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcomes derived from data analysis of BRIP1 gene expression did not show any significant difference between the gene expression of control and TAM-treated groups. The expression of PALB2 was significantly higher in the TAM-treated group compared to the control group (P0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings showed a significant alteration between PALB2 gene expression in the TAM-treated breast cancer cell line and the control cell line. The quantitative assessment of mentioned genes as possible markers could be considered a non-invasive method for breast cancer in the processes of prognostic evaluations, screening, and treatment monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Namaste Care: A Person-Centered Approach to Enhance the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"R. Rezapour-Nasrabad, Marzieh Heydari, Seyedeh Fatemeh Moosavi Moqaddam, Saeedeh Piri, Elham Sadeghi Moghimi, Sanaz Rustaee","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3205","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonin-related Mechanisms in the Etiology and Pharmacotherapy of Social Phobia, A Review.","authors":"Malihe Arjmandi Ghandashtani, Sahar Poudineh, Alireza Sarlak, Maryam Poudineh","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3072","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social anxiety disorder (SAD), known as social phobia, is considered a prevalent psychiatric disorder characterized by a constant fear of social positions. Frequently, social phobia occurs with other mental disorders including depression and substance abuse conditions. Although SAD is considered one of the most common types of mental disorders, proper management may be compromised in recurrent psychiatric comorbidity due to clinicians' focus on secondary complications. Moreover, despite the description of social phobia as a polygenic and complex condition, few altered genetic and epigenetic factors are identified as causative agents. Over the past decades, several studies have suggested polymorphisms in serotonergic and dopaminergic-related genes as the etiology of social phobia. Serotonin, on the other hand, as a necessary neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), is involved in a variety of disease processes including social phobia. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of serotonin-dependent development of the disease and the efficacy of suggested pharmacotherapies are not fully understood. The current study aimed to review the serotonin-dependent mechanisms by which SAD develops and discuss the current suggested strategies that are based on serotonin metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Women Presenting with Pre-eclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Observational Studies.","authors":"Arqavan Eslamzadeh, Seyyed Mohammad Amin Kashani, Nasrin Asadi, Sina Bazmi, Shahla Rezaei, Zeinab Karimimoghadam, Peyman Nowrouzi-Sohrabi, Reza Tabrizi","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3151","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple studies have investigated the serum concentrations of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in preeclampsia, but the results have been contradictory. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between serum calcium and magnesium levels in patients with preeclampsia and those in the healthy pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in various online databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Sciences, and Cochrane library to identify relevant studies on Ca and Mg levels in preeclampsia up to July 2023. Inter-study heterogeneity across the included studies was assessed using the chi-square test and I2 statistic. Pooled effect size (ES) was calculated as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76 articles (comprising 92 studies) were included, with a combined sample size of 10,482 participants (preeclampsia: n=3,991; controls: n=6,491). The random-effects model revealed significantly lower levels of calcium (WMD=-0.807 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.983, -0.632, P0.01) and magnesium (WMD=-0.215, 95% CI: -0.338, -0.092, P0.01) in women with pre-eclampsia compared to the control group. However, the overall pooled WMD for calcium and magnesium levels did not significantly change when individual studies were excluded one by one.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis demonstrates that the circulating levels of calcium and magnesium in patients with preeclampsia are significantly lower than those in the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Mindfulness Interventions on the Sleep Quality of Pregnant Mothers in the Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy","authors":"Razieh Shamabadi, Mahboubeh Eslamzadeh, Elnaz Eskandarnia, Negar Asgharipour","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.2750","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep disorder is a common problem during pregnancy and a large percentage of pregnant women (especially in the third trimester of pregnancy) experience changes in their natural sleep pattern. Considering the fact that sleep disorder can cause many complications before, during and after childbirth, it is necessary to achieve good sleep quality during pregnancy. Therefore, the present research investigated the effect of mindfulness interventions on the quality of sleep among pregnant mothers in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The present randomized clinical trial study used pre-education-post-education design in Sabzevar Health Center from 2019 to 2020 on all pregnant women referred for receiving prenatal care. A sample of 98 women who met the inclusion criteria were divided into intervention (n=50) and control groups (n=48). The sleep quality and depression anxiety and stress -21 (DASS-21) questionnaires, were completed by two groups at pre-test, post-test, and one month after the educational intervention. The intervention group received 6 sessions (1 hour and 30 minutes) of mindfulness lessons during 2 months, while the control group received routine pregnancy care and a mindfulness session was performed after completion of the post-education. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and descriptive and repeated measures analysis were used. Results: Mindfulness interventions were effective in changing the sleep quality of pregnant mothers (P<0.05). Also, the mean scores of anxiety, stress and depression questionnaires of pregnant mothers, as confounding variables on sleep quality, was significantly changed during different stages of the study (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness training significantly increased the sleep quality of pregnant mothers. Therefore, mindfulness interventions can be used as effective interventions in improving psychological wellbeing during pregnancy and also reducing the anxiety and stress of pregnant women. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness and Safety of Giving Fentanyl or Ketamine Intranasally during Phacoemulsification Surgery","authors":"H. Shetabi, Alireza Peyman, Farzan Piudeh","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.2921","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Phacoemulsification is the main method of cataract surgery in developed countries. Due to the importance of appropriate analgesia and the immobility of the participants throughout the procedure, the study aimed to assess the impact of intranasal ketamine vs. intranasal fentanyl on the quality of sedation and analgesia in phacoemulsification surgery. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded study was carried out on participants who underwent cataract surgery in Faiz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Eighty subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of 40 receiving ketamine at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg intranasally (Intranasal Ketamine (INK) group) or fentanyl at 1.5 μg/kg nasally (Intranasal Fentanyl (INF) group). The drugs were administered through the nasal passage 15 minutes before the operation. The primary outcomes were a difference in the quality of sedation and pain relief between groups during the procedure and recovery unit. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular parameters, side effects, the need for sedative rescues, and changes in vital signs. Results:During the study, 25 patients (62.5%) in the INK cohort and 19 patients (47.5%) in the INF cohort had no pain. In the INK group, 22 (55%) and in the INF group 20 (50.0%) patients achieved optimal sedation (Ramsay sedation score 4). There was no discernible disparity observed between the two cohorts in terms of the quality of sedation (P=0.071), receipt of rescue dosage of propofol (P=0.601), hemodynamic parameters (P>0.05), and side effects during treatment Operation (P=0.542) and in recovery (P=0.104), patient (P=0.098) and surgeon (P=0.120) satisfaction, operative time (P=0.082), and duration of stay in recovery (P=0.110). Conclusion: Although INK was more effective than INF in reducing pain and achieving optimal sedation in cataract surgery, it was not significantly superior to INF.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin Aattenuates the Expression of Metalloprotease (AHA_0978) and Serine Protease (AHA_3857) Genes in Aeromonas Hydrophila","authors":"Mahdieh SobhZadehi, Hojjatollah Zamani, M. YektaKooshali","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3038","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for various infections in humans and animals. Bacterial exoproteases are considered an important determinant in the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. Serine protease and metalloprotease, that are regulated by the bacterial Quorum sensing (QS) system are important virulent factors in the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. Anti-QS potential of curcumin has been reported, previously. In this work, we characterized the effect of curcumin on the expression of the metalloprotease and serine protease genes in A. hydrophila. Materials and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of curcumin was measured by the agar macro-dilution method and a sub-inhibitory concentration (1/2 MIC) was used in subsequent experiments. The expression level of the metalloprotease and serine protease genes among the treated and control bacteria was evaluated using quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. Bacterial proteolytic activity was also measured by skim milk agar plate assay. Results: MIC of curcumin for bacterial strain was 1024 μg/ml curcumin, and at 512 µg/mL (1/2 MIC) it remarkably attenuated the expression of the metalloprotease and serine protease genes up to 66 and 77%, respectively. Also, the proteolytic activity of A. hydrophila was considerably reduced by curcumin. Conclusion: Due to the promising inhibitory effect on bacterial proteolysis, curcumin could be considered an anti-virulence agent against A. hydrophila.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation Between Temperament and Fitness for Work According to the Persian Medicine Viewpoints.","authors":"Mohammad Mahdi Mazhari, Mohammad Reza Shams Ardekani, Mehrdad Karimi, Saber Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein Ayati","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2934","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Working is an inseparable part of a human being's life, every person must have a job to earn a living. However, working comes at a physical and mental cost not only to the working person but also to his/her co-workers and employers, and could also affect the environment. Therefore, each potential employee must be assessed to see if they are suitable for the job and vice versa. In occupational medicine, fitness for work is now determined by clinical and paraclinical testing, which is seen as a useful procedure, yet illnesses and accidents still happen at work. This procedure could be facilitated and enhanced by a more all-encompassing strategy, such as the temperamental theory in Persian medicine. Through temperamental theory, each person is assessed based on specific signs and symptoms according to the qualities of hotness-coldness, and wetness-dryness which can provide extra insights into an employee's capabilities. This study aims to provide specific characteristics of each temperament, and their relationship with personal traits that could affect job performance, as well as job suggestions for each temperament through an extensive review of Persian medicine books and matching them with the current occupational medicine resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}