Ukrainian Society最新文献

{"title":"Digest of U-Report surveys: 1st quarter of 2023 (mental health, use of plastic, and mine safety)","authors":"V. S. Demchuk","doi":"10.15407/socium2023.01.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.155","url":null,"abstract":"The results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for February are presented – March 2023: mental health, use of plastic, and mine safety.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132905469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Not like everyone else”? Transnational families’ relationship in their home society – between stigma and dialogue","authors":"I. Hossu, A. Telegdi-Csetri, M. Birou, M. Hărăguș, D. Angi","doi":"10.15407/socium2023.01.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.054","url":null,"abstract":"The study discusses whether and how Ukrainian and Moldovan migrant parents, some of whom had to leave their children behind in the care of other adults, are faced with a disapproving public discourse while also facing strong pressure both in their relationship with the public authorities and at the level of society, community, and family. Through this approach, we aim to answer the following question: Are Ukrainian and Moldavian transnational family members subjected to a process of stigmatization at the level of society and their immediate social environment? In this view, we develop a qualitative inquiry based on in-depth interviews with respondents from Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova. Our main research objective is to examine the attitudes encountered by members of transnational families in society, their relations with the representatives of the authorities, as well as in their close social environment, community, and family. Specific research topics are explored, such as reasons for migration, trust in public authorities, local community, migrants’ community, trust in the host country’s state and society, the attitudes towards the most important key stakeholders involved in the migration process, as well as the support measures proposed by migrants and their families. The findings concerning the attitudes, level of trust, and proposals suggest the presence of a certain degree of stigmatization of parents from transnational families. Our study underlines the need for transnational transfer of good practices and real-life experiences, such as those of migrants, to not remain an empty imitation. This experience can only be transferred through dialogue, trust, and acceptance – which is not the case at the time of our research. Therefore, it is imperative to continue dialogue-based fieldwork with primary stakeholders, the families themselves, to deconstruct and prospectively avoid the structural construction of stigma.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"https://ukr-socium.org.ua/archives/no-1-84-2023/","authors":"V. Hnatiuk","doi":"10.15407/socium2023.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the issue of highlighting the approaches being tested in contemporary migration studies to demonstrate their limits – conceptual, methodological, and methodical – as analytical tools. The three most popular research perspectives, namely positivism, relativism, and critical realism, are taken as a basis. The author substantiates the idea that the approach accumulates a much broader context than just the instrumental one, which correlates to the realization of an exclusively methodical function. Since by choosing one of the forms of analytics, scholars outline the ontological and epistemological framework of the methodology in the study of migration. Based on the key provisions (principles) of each approach, the author characterizes them as general scientific and specialized tools (for migration scholars) and identifies the different by nature shortcomings and opportunities for applying the obtained results. A particular focus is on demonstrating examples of research works that test these approaches. It is argued that positivism and relativism are monofactorial, less critical and more superficial (flatness) approaches compared to critical realism, characterized by stratified ontological realism, methodological pluralism, and judgment rationality. It is shown that the reasons for the popularity of positivist and relativist types of thinking are the methodological possibility of simplifying political issues and applying knowledge about migration to legitimize certain political beliefs and actions, on the one hand, and their deep internal hierarchization, which provides flexibility and opportunities for improvement, on the other. Finally, the author emphasizes the prospects for further research focusing on the scientific (revision of positivism and relativism under the necessities of the present), philosophical (rethinking the epistemological and practical components of the approach, balancing them) and practical (the need for higher representativeness of research conducted within the framework of critical realism) dimensions of migration issues.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115375232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International experience of post-war reconstruction of the housing fund and solving the housing problems of IDPs","authors":"N. O. Gorin","doi":"10.15407/socium2023.01.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.136","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the international experience of solving the housing problems of forcibly displaced persons during the post-war recovery of the economy and socio-humanitarian space. The author characterises the role of the state in developing strategies, determining priorities, consolidating efforts, and institutionally ensuring the process of restoring living space, rebuilding housing and social infrastructure, as well as ensuring control over the use of funds, residential premises, and structures, the use of technologies and standards of construction and reconstruction. National priorities have been determined in the organisation of measures to provide housing for victims of hostilities and forced migrants, prioritisation of reconstruction, and new construction tasks. The necessity of accumulation and optimal use of internal resources, as well as the expediency of attracting foreign investments and the use of external financial assistance for the reconstruction of living space, industrial and social infrastructure with observance of systematicity and compliance with the trends of structural, technological and social development, are argued. The paper clarifies the mechanisms of interaction between the government and private investors, stimulation of entrepreneurial activity, encouragement and support of citizens in their actions regarding the independent restoration of housing, and arrangement of adjacent territories. It was found that the excessive bureaucratisation of assessing the damage caused and drawing up an application for assistance significantly slowed down the process of restoring damaged housing, which caused additional budget costs for providing IDPs with temporary housing. Ignoring the historical and cultural differences of the inhabitants of different territories and the accumulation of socially vulnerable and marginal elements led to an increase in social tension at the local level, and people affected by the war formed a permanent dependence on state aid. The need to consider positive and negative foreign experiences in the state management of the post-war reconstruction of the country’s housing stock is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126918638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spouses of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants: coping strategies and social capital resource","authors":"Е. V. Bataeva, A. Artemenko","doi":"10.15407/socium2023.01.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2023.01.112","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the coping strategies used by the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants during their husbands’ deployment, combined with various forms of social capital. We used the research methodology of coping strategies by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and the theory of social capital by P. Bourdieu, R. Putnam, and D. Coleman. The empirical part of the article is based on the study’s results, which was conducted from January to February 2023 by the method of in-depth semi-structured interviews with ten wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants. Most of the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants emphasized the importance of social support from family members (especially children) and friends, which correlates with the bonding social capital. All study participants reported a lack of institutionalized social support from any organizations that correlates with the linking of social capital. Volunteering is one of the most important coping strategies that helps the wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants cope with anxiety. The following coping strategies are important for the research participants: “communication with the husband”; “acceptance of the problem” and positive reframing of the husband’s deployment; “learning about a problem”; “keeping busy”; “staying strong”; “venting”; “daydreaming”; “managing personal needs”. The wives of Ukrainian servicemen-combatants rarely use the strategy of “religiosity” and “self-blame”.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"31 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129954940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digest of U-Report surveys: 4th quarter of 2022 (media literacy, youth councils, benefits from volunteering)","authors":"V. S. Demchuk","doi":"10.15407/socium2022.04.092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2022.04.092","url":null,"abstract":"The results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for October – December 2022 on media literacy, youth councils, benefits from volunteering.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"48 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120920245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investment preferences of the population of Ukraine: response to shocks of martial law","authors":"O. Bereslavska, S. Shyshkov, N. Sheludko","doi":"10.15407/socium2022.04.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2022.04.076","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains the results of the analysis of the investment behaviour of Ukrainian households in the crisis caused by external armed aggression. The financial potential of Ukrainian households in the pre-war period was assessed, and it was concluded that the expenses of most of the population were directed to the consumer rather than investment purposes. It was found that the investment potential of households was directed, first, to the purchase of currency, real estate, and deposits, as well as to risky crypto-currency assets, the active use of which Ukraine is one of the world leaders, instead of public investments in securities and other financial instruments remain extremely limited. The choice of the population of Ukraine in favour of investments in currency, real estate, deposits, and government bonds is currently quite rational since investments in private instruments of the local capital market (both directly and through pension funds and mutual investment institutions) do not provide high profitability and are associated with significant risks. It was revealed that in the conditions of martial law, the investment priorities of the population were most affected by the need to protect savings from depreciation, finance the country’s defence needs, and the corresponding rate of growth of the state debt, as well as high risks of real estate investments and strict restrictions of the National Bank of Ukraine on capital movement. It has been established that at a relatively high level of inflation, Ukrainian citizens do not receive a deposit offer from banks that is adequate to maintain the solvency of their savings. A situation in the banking system that is dangerous for financial stability has been identified, which is associated with the formation of a liquidity “canopy” due to the balances on the current accounts of the population. Emphasis is placed on the need to urgently increase the reserve requirements for demand deposits and current deposits to stimulate the growth of the value of hryvnia assets and change the banks’ liquidity surplus structure. Prospective directions and tools for the placement of household savings are justified, considering the needs of the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy and the prospects for European integration.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116489514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features and priorities of tourism development in Ukraine","authors":"I. Anhelko, I. Vaskovych, H. Lekh","doi":"10.15407/socium2022.04.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2022.04.047","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the role of tourism in the social and economic development of the separate regions and the country in general. It has been defined that in Ukraine, tourism’s development significantly influences different sectors of the economy, including transport, trade, connection, construction, agriculture, manufacture of consumer goods, etc. The current state of the national tourism industry has been characterised based on analysing the dynamics of tourist flows in Ukraine. It has been determined that despite the preconditions for tourism development in Ukraine, the sector is fully growing its potential not due to the country’s complicated political and economic situation. It has been established that tourist flows in Ukraine are represented by outbound, inbound, and domestic tourism, which is gradually becoming more widespread in current conditions. It has been proven that to encourage (facilitate) the development of domestic tourism in Ukraine, it is necessary to consider the set of actions which, as implemented together, would ensure the priority of domestic tourism in the context of the economic development of the country and replenishment of budgets of all levels. It has been specified that to encourage the development of domestic tourism, it is also crucial to create and ensure the efficient functioning of all required elements of the modern tourism industry, which would enable the possibility of providing excellent tourism services, as well as manufacturing and delivering consumer goods that would meet the requirements of tourists. It has been concluded that positive results of the suggested recommendations for encouraging (facilitating) the development of domestic tourism can be achieved only if implemented comprehensively and with respect to the changes in the market environment. This will allow converting the sector of tourism services into a highly profitable and competitive industry. In its turn, the transformation will guarantee the acceleration of social and economic development of not only separate regions but the country in general, contribute to the improvement in the quality of life of the population, enhance the harmonious development and consolidation of the society, and boost the promotion of Ukraine in the world.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133494068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development specifics of Ukrainian sociology under the Russian-Ukrainian war","authors":"N. Chernysh","doi":"10.15407/socium2022.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2022.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"The presentation (and hence the article) is based on the wills of O.O. Yakuba regarding the analysis of the development features of sociological knowledge at all three levels: general sociological theory, middle-level theories, and empirical research data. It is necessary not only to understand the structure of sociological knowledge but also the interrelationship of all components and the need for the interrelationship of theory and methods relevant to it. The article shows that the development features of sociological knowledge in Ukrainian sociology at the beginning 21st century were characterized by a violation of this organic link, disproportions in the structure of sociological knowledge. However, the search for new non-Marxist explanations at the highest level is now successfully underway as an introduction to the development of a new general theory. According to G. Ritzer’s terminology, these conditions can be evaluated as Mp, i.e. “metatheorizing-prelude”, from which Ukrainian sociology should move on to Mo conditions, i.e. the creation of an arch metatheory. At this level, modern Ukraine (a local entity) is pushed to the centre of the global, which requires a rethinking of the traditional sociological canon. At level: 2) of middle-level theories, in Russia’s ongoing large-scale aggression conditions, two theories, such as the sociology of war and the sociology of the nation, gain the most importance. The author has characterized the main features of the modern sociology of war in Ukrainian sociology, described the differences in the duel between two different social systems: democratic and authoritarian, and showed the main characteristics of the modern sociology of war, which will inevitably end with the victory of Ukraine. At level: 3) of empirical research, we currently experience the greatest success: from the beginning of the phase of the acute military confrontation till the middle of June 2022, representatives of the six leading sociological centres of the country have already carried out 35 national sociological studies of different nature; now Ukrainian sociologists actively present their results in publications and at international scientific conferences. Thus, the structure of modern sociological knowledge in Ukraine, for which Prof. O.O. Yakuba argued, remains unfinished. Still, it is possible to record significant scientific developments at the current stage at all three levels. All this makes it possible to have an optimistic view on the further development of sociology in Ukraine and on the fact that it will be able to help both in the ongoing war and in peaceful post-war reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131622796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of home comfort in the structure of values of individual life activity","authors":"O. V. Zhuleneva","doi":"10.15407/socium2022.04.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/socium2022.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an interpretation of the value of home comfort and explores its place in the structure of factors of a person’s life, including other personal values. A conceptualisation of the individual value of home comfort is suggested based on psychological and sociological ways of understanding it. The article’s empirical part is based on the results of two online surveys. The first was conducted in March 2020 among students of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (N = 417), and the second – among residents of the Kyiv region in June and July of 2021 (N = 728). The sociological test “Individual values and interests – 13” was used as a key technique for measuring individual values. The value of home comfort is considered through the article’s material and emotional components, namely: good conditions at the place of residence (material component) and home comfort (responsible for the emotional component). Home comfort is impossible without emotional and psychological comfort, which is subjective and can manifest differently for each person, depending on their value system. For statistical analysis, the Condorcet method was used to identify the cumulative rating of values, the chi-square independence test to analyse relationships with external factors, and the Z-test for one sample was applied to explore relationships with other values. Based on these empirical studies, the value “home comfort” ranks 6th among residents of the Kyiv region (2021) and 8th among students (2020) in the structure of proposed individual values. Home comfort yields such values as physical health, interpersonal relationships, psychological comfort, personal freedom, and morality. It can be argued that the weak, positive relationship was fixed between the value of “home comfort” with the level of education, marital status, and the way of spending free time. Among other individual values, “home comfort” is positively related to the value of “interpersonal relations”, and a negative relationship is observed for such individual values as self-realisation, freedom, and morality.","PeriodicalId":436487,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Society","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131372683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}