Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.最新文献_第8页

Measuring and Comparing the Productivity of Mandarin Chinese Suffixes 汉语普通话后缀生产力的测量与比较

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200302.0003

Eiji Nishimoto

{"title":"Measuring and Comparing the Productivity of Mandarin Chinese Suffixes","authors":"Eiji Nishimoto","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200302.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200302.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The present study attempts to measure and compare the morphological productivity of five Mandarin Chinese suffixes: the verbal suffix -hua, the plural suffix -men, and the nominal suffixes -r, -zi, and -tou. These suffixes are predicted to differ in their degree of productivity : -hua and -men appear to be productive, being able to systematically form a word with a variety of base words, whereas -zi and -tou (and perhaps also -r) may be limited in productivity. Baayen [1989, 1992] proposes the use of corpus data in measuring productivity in word formation. Based on word-token frequencies in a large corpus of texts, his token-based measure of productivity expresses productivity as the probability that a new word form of an affix will be encountered in a corpus. We first use the token-based measure to examine the productivity of the Mandarin suffixes. The present study, then, proposes a type-based measure of productivity that employs the deleted estimation method [Jelinek & Mercer, 1985] in defining unseen words of a corpus and expresses productivity by the ratio of unseen word types to all word types. The proposed type-based measure yields the productivity ranking “-men, -hua, -r, -zi, -tou,” where -men is the most productive and -tou is the least productive. The effects of corpus-data variability on a productivity measure are also examined. The proposed measure is found to obtain a consistent productivity ranking despite variability in corpus data.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129925553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

A Study on Word Similarity using Context Vector Models 基于上下文向量模型的词相似度研究

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2002-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200208.0002

Keh-Jiann Chen, Jia-Ming You

{"title":"A Study on Word Similarity using Context Vector Models","authors":"Keh-Jiann Chen, Jia-Ming You","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200208.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200208.0002","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need to measure word similarity when processing natural languages, especially when using generalization, classification, or example-based approaches. Usually, measures of similarity between two words are defined according to the distance between their semantic classes in a semantic taxonomy. The taxonomy approaches are more or less semantic-based that do not consider syntactic similarities. However, in real applications, both semantic and syntactic similarities are required and weighted differently. Word similarity based on context vectors is a mixture of syntactic and semantic similarities. In this paper, we propose using only syntactic related co-occurrences as context vectors and adopt information theoretic models to solve the problems of data sparseness and characteristic precision. The probabilistic distribution of co-occurrence context features is derived by parsing the contextual environment of each word, and all the context features are adjusted according to their IDF (inverse document frequency) values. The agglomerative clustering algorithm is applied to group similar words according to their similarity values. It turns out that words with similar syntactic categories and semantic classes are grouped together.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133921487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Metaphorical Transfer and Pragmatic Strengthening: On the Development of V-diao in Mandarin 隐喻转移与语用强化:论汉语v调的发展

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200108.0001

Louis Wei-lun Lu

{"title":"Metaphorical Transfer and Pragmatic Strengthening: On the Development of V-diao in Mandarin","authors":"Louis Wei-lun Lu","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200108.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200108.0001","url":null,"abstract":"In this synchronic study, I shall adopt a corpus-based approach to investigate the semantic change of V-diao in Mandarin. Semantically, V-diao constructions fall into three categories: A) Physical disappearance from its original position, with the V slot filled by physical verbs, such as tao-diao ”escape,” diu-diao ”throw away,” and so on. B) Disappearance from a certain conceptual domain, rather than from the physical space, with the V slot filled by less physically perceivable verbs, such as jie-diao ”quit,” wang-diao ”forget,” and the like. C) The third category of V-diao involves the speaker's subjective, always negative, attitude toward the result. Examples include: lan-diao ”rot,” ruan-diao ”soften,” huang-diao ”yellow,” and so forth. It is claimed in this paper that the polysemy between types A and B is motivated by metaphorical transfer [Sweetser, 1990; Bybee, Perkins and Pagliuca, 1994; Heine, Claudi and Hunnemeyer, 1991]. Based roughly on Huang and Chang [1996], I demonstrate that a cognitive restriction on selection of the verb will cause further repetitive occurrence of negative verbs in the V slot. Finally, I shall claim that pragmatic strengthening [Hopper and Traugott, 1993; Bybee, Perkins and Pagliuca, 1994] contributes to the emergence of unfavourable meaning in Type C. Hopefully, this research can serve as a valid argument for the interaction of language use and grammar, and the conceptual basis of human language.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125216569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Use of Clustering Techniques for Language Modeling-Application to Asian Language 聚类技术在语言建模中的应用——以亚洲语言为例

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2001-02-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200102.0002

Jianfeng Gao, Joshua Goodman, J. Miao

引用次数: 47

Locating Boundaries for Prosodic Constituents in Unrestricted Mandarin Texts 汉语非限定文本韵律成分边界的定位

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2001-02-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200102.0003

Min Chu, Yao Qian

{"title":"Locating Boundaries for Prosodic Constituents in Unrestricted Mandarin Texts","authors":"Min Chu, Yao Qian","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200102.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200102.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a three-tier prosodic hierarchy, including prosodic word, intermediate phrase and intonational phrase tiers, for Mandarin that emphasizes the use of the prosodic word instead of the lexical word as the basic prosodic unit. Both the surface difference and perceptual difference show that this is helpful for achieving high naturalness in text-to-speech conversion. Three approaches, the basic CART approach, the bottom-up hierarchical approach and the modified hierarchical approach, are presented for locating the boundaries of three prosodic constituents in unrestricted Mandarin texts. Two sets of features are used in the basic CART method: one contains syntactic phrasal information and the other does not. The one with syntactic phrasal information results in about a 1% increase in accuracy and an 11% decrease in error-cost. The performance of the modified hierarchical method produces the highest accuracy, 83%, and lowest error cost when no syntactic phrasal information is provided. It shows advantages in detecting the boundaries of intonational phrases at locations without breaking punctuation. 71.1% precision and 52.4% recall are achieved. Experiments on acceptability reveal that only 26% of the mis-assigned break indices are real infelicitous errors, and that the perceptual difference between the automatically assigned break indices and the manually annotated break indices are small.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131593557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 74

Japanese-Chinese Cross-Language Information Retrieval: An Interlingua Apporach 日中跨语言信息检索:一种跨语言方法

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0003

M. Hasan, Yuji Matsumoto

{"title":"Japanese-Chinese Cross-Language Information Retrieval: An Interlingua Apporach","authors":"M. Hasan, Yuji Matsumoto","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Electronically available multilingual information can be divided into two major categories: (1) alphabetic language information (English-like alphabetic languages) and (2) ideographic language information (Chinese-like ideographic languages). The information available in non-English alphabetic languages as well as in ideographic languages (especially, in Japanese and Chinese) is growing at an incredibly high rate in recent years. Due to the ideographic nature of Japanese and Chinese, complicated with the existence of several encoding standards in use, efficient processing (representation, indexing, retrieval, etc.) of such information became a tedious task. In this paper, we propose a Han Character (Kanji) oriented Interlingua model of indexing and retrieving Japanese and Chinese information. We report the results of mono- and cross- language information retrieval on a Kanji space where documents and queries are represented in terms of Kanji oriented vectors. We also employ a dimensionality reduction technique to compute a Kanji Conceptual Space (KCS) from the initial Kanji space, which can facilitate conceptual retrieval of both mono- and cross- language information for these languages. Similar indexing approaches for multiple European languages through term association (e.g., latent semantic indexing) or through conceptual mapping (using lexical ontology such as, WordNet) are being intensively explored. The Interlingua approach investigated here with Japanese and Chinese languages, and the term (or concept) association model investigated with the European languages are similar; and these approaches can be easily integrated. Therefore, the proposed Interlingua model can pave the way for handling multilingual information access and retrieval efficiently and uniformly.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123728241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Compiling Taiwanese Learner Corpus of English 编写台湾学习者英语语料库

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0004

R. H. Shih

引用次数: 12

Design and Evaluation of Approaches for Automatic Chinese Text 中文自动文本方法的设计与评价

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0002

Jyh-Jong Tsay, Jing-doo Wang

{"title":"Design and Evaluation of Approaches for Automatic Chinese Text","authors":"Jyh-Jong Tsay, Jing-doo Wang","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0002","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose and evaluate approaches to categorizing Chinese texts, which consist of term extraction, term selection, term clustering and text classification. We propose a scalable approach which uses frequency counts to identify left and right boundaries of possibly significant terms. We used the combination of term selection and term clustering to reduce the dimension of the vector space to a practical level. While the huge number of possible Chinese terms makes most of the machine learning algorithms impractical, results obtained in an experiment on a CAN news collection show that the dimension could be dramatically reduced to 1200 while approximately the same level of classification accuracy was maintained using our approach. We also studied and compared the performance of three well known classifiers, the Rocchio linear classifier, naive Bayes probabilistic classifier and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) classifier, when they were applied to categorize Chinese texts. Overall, kNN achieved the best accuracy, about 78.3%, but required large amounts of computation time and memory when used to classify new texts. Rocchio was very time and memory efficient, and achieved a high level of accuracy, about 75.4%. In practical implementation, Rocchio may be a good choice.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Adaptive Word Sense Disambiguation Using Lexical Knowledge in Machine-readable Dictionary 基于词汇知识的机读词典词义自适应消歧

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200008.0001

Jen-Nan Chen

引用次数: 2

When Endpoint Meets Endpoint: A Corpus-based Lexical Semantic Study of Mandarin Verbs of Throwing 当终点遇见终点:基于语料库的汉语投掷动词词汇语义研究

Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process. Pub Date : 2000-02-01 DOI: 10.30019/IJCLCLP.200002.0005

Mei-Chun Liu, Chu-Ren Huang, Charles Lee, Ching-Yi Lee

{"title":"When Endpoint Meets Endpoint: A Corpus-based Lexical Semantic Study of Mandarin Verbs of Throwing","authors":"Mei-Chun Liu, Chu-Ren Huang, Charles Lee, Ching-Yi Lee","doi":"10.30019/IJCLCLP.200002.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30019/IJCLCLP.200002.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Since verbal semantics began to receive much attention in linguistics research, many interesting findings have been presented regarding the semantic structure or meaning contrasts in the lexicon of Chinese [cf. Tsai, Huang & Chen, 1996; Tsai et al, 1997; Liu, 1999, etc]. Adopting a corpus-based approach, this paper aims to further study and fine-tune Mandarin verbal semantics by exploring the lexical information specific to verbs of throwing, with four pivotal near-synonomous members: TOU(投), ZHI(擲), DIU(丟), RENG (扔). To account for their semantic differences, two kinds of 'endpoints' are distinguished: the Path-endpoint (i.e., the Goal role) vs. the Event-endpoint (i.e., the resultative state). These two variables are crucial for cross-categorizing the four verbs. Although the verbs all describe a directed motion with a Path in their event structure, they differ in their lexical specifications on participant roles and aspectual composition. TOU and ZHI have a specified Path-endpoint while DIU and RENG do not specify a Path-endpoint. Moreover, TOU and ZHI can be further contrasted in terms of the spatial character of the Path-endpoint they take: TOU selects a spatially bounded Path-endpoint while that of ZHI is unspecified in this regard, as manifested by the fact that TOU collocates most frequently with a CONTAINER-introducing locative. On the other hand, DIU and RENG can be further differentiated in terms of event composition: only DIU, not RENG, allows an aspectual focus on the endpoint of the event contour (the Event-endpoint) since it manifests a resultative use. The observed distinctions are then incorporated into a representational paradigm called the Module-Attribute Representation of Verbal Semantics (MARVS), proposed in Huang & Ahrens [1999]. Finally, conclusions are drawn as to the most effective approach to lexical semantic study of Mandarin as well as theoretical implications in general.","PeriodicalId":436300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Linguistics Chin. Lang. Process.","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132250471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17