Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Construction of Ijma in The Study of Islamic Law through Sociological and Historical Approach","authors":"T. Hidayati, Muhammad Syarif Hidayatullah","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i2.10924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i2.10924","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to examine the construction of ijma in the study of Islamic law through sociological and historical approaches. The research methods applied in this paper are research that explore qualitative data through literature studies. In legal research methods, this research is categorized as normative legal research with a conceptual approach. The concept of ijma becomes the object of study in this paper. Furthermore, the concept of ijma is examined with socio-historical analysis. The results of the discussion show that the difference in views on the concept of ijma as the basis of Islamic law that must be obeyed was influenced by normative arguments (propositions of the Qur'an and sunnah), which are references and different interpretations of legal propositions held as a basis of opinion. The difference in looking at the concept of ijma that can be used as a syar'iyyah (legal) argument also begins from the difference in setting the standard of definition and criteria (principles and conditions) of the ijmak itself and considering the capacity of the ijma in the sense an opinion of \"all\" or \"the majority\" of the scholars. In addition, the development of conceptions and laws about ijma is inseparable from the social setting in each period.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131063927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronization of Disaster Financial Policies in COVID-19 Management","authors":"B. Bustami, Zaky Ulya, Rini Fitriani","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i2.10059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i2.10059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125332833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isbat Nikah Siri dalam Putusan Hakim Mahkamah Syar'iyah Lhoksukan","authors":"Agustin Hanapi, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Mursyid Djawas","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.9181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9181","url":null,"abstract":"Positive law only limits marriage isbat to marriages that occurred before Law no. 1 of 1974 because there is no rule requiring registration. Meanwhile, unregistered marriages that occur after the regulation cannot carry out isbat marriage, because the law only limits it before the enactment of Law no. 1 of 1974. However, the Compilation of Islamic Law provides space as Article 7 paragraph (3) letter e which reads that marriages are carried out by those who do not have marriage barriers according to Law no. 1 of 1974. Article 7 has provided a very broad absolute competence regarding isbat marriage, even though KHI is not included in the hierarchy of Legislation. Judges are given the flexibility to perform ijtihad for the benefit of all parties. This article is the basis for consideration of the Lhoksukon Syar'iyah Court judges in granting the application for isbat marriage for unregistered married couples, namely number: 131/Pdt.P/2019/MS.Lsk. number: 313/Pdt.P/2019/MS.Lsk. For this reason, this paper wants to answer the question of how the judges of the Lhoksukon Syar'iyah Court considered the reasons for the isbat of unregistered marriages, and what was the legal status of the judge's determination of the isbat of marriages for unregistered married couples. The method used is descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. The research approach is juridical normative and juridical sociological, using the theory of legal protection. Then use the theory of maqāṣid syarī'ah to realize goodness while avoiding evil, or take advantage and reject harm. The results of the study stated that the consideration of the judges of the Lhoksukon Syar'iyah Court in the case of isbat marriage for unregistered married couples was in accordance with the laws and regulations, the judge was also not rigid in ijtihad but considered sociological and problematic aspects.Hukum positif hanya membatasi isbat nikah pada perkawinan yang terjadi sebelum UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 karena belum ada aturan mewajibkan pencatatan. Sedangkan nikah siri yang terjadi setelah aturan itu tidak dapat melakukan isbat nikah, karena Undang-Undang hanya membatasi sebelum berlakunya UU No. 1 Tahun 1974. Namun Kompilasi Hukum Islam memberi ruang sebagaimana Pasal 7 ayat (3) huruf e yang berbunyi perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh mereka yang tidak mempunyai halangan perkawinan menurut UU No. 1 Tahun 1974. Pasal 7 ini telah memberikan kompetensi absolut yang sangat luas tentang isbat nikah, padahal KHI tidak termasuk dalam hierarki Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Hakim diberikan keluasan untuk berijtihad demi kemaslahatan semua pihak. Pasal inilah menjadi dasar pertimbangan Majelis hakim Mahkamah Syar’iyah Lhoksukon dalam  mengabulkan permohonan isbat nikah bagi pasangan nikah siri, yaitu nomor: 131/Pdt.P/2019/MS.Lsk. nomor: 313/Pdt.P/2019/MS.Lsk. Untuk itu tulisan ini ingin menjawab  pertanyaan bagaimana pertimbangan Hakim Mahkamah Syar’iyah Lhoksukon terhadap alasan isbat nikah siri, dan bagaima","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128429779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hukum Vaksin MR: Teori Istihalah dan Istihlak versus Fatwa MUI","authors":"Alyasa' Abubakar, A. Abubakar","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.8485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.8485","url":null,"abstract":"Measles and rubella are infectious diseases that cause very dangerous diseases throughout the world. Both diseases are incurable; can only be prevented by administering the MR (Measles Rubella) vaccine. However, in Indonesia, the implementation of vaccination for these two diseases did not run smoothly due to the circulation of information that the basic ingredients or the process of making vaccines involved elements of pigs. On that basis, the Indonesian Ulema Council issued Fatwa Number 33 of 2018 concerning the Use of Mr (Measles Rubella) Vaccine Products from SII (Serum Institute Of India) for Immunization which stipulates that \"the use of vaccines that utilize pig elements and their derivatives is unlawful\". The MUI equates the involvement of pork as the main ingredient and as a medium for making vaccines. This paper relates the fatwa to the prohibition of certain objects in the Qur'an, hadith, and interpretations made by scholars, especially related to the theory of istihālah (perfect change) and istihlāk (mixing). Both of these theories are used in the thought of the scholars of schools and at the present time, especially in objects that are changed through fermentation and synthetic processes, which can be called chemical engineering. Campak dan rubella merupakan penyakit infeksi yang mengakibatkan pernyakit sangat berbahaya  di seluruh dunia. Kedua penyakit tidak dapat diobati; hanya dapat dicegah dengan pemberian vaksin MR (Measles Rubella). Namun demikian, di Indonesia, pelaksanaan vaksinasi untuk kedua penyakit ini tidak berjalan lancar karena beredarnya informasi bahwa bahan dasar atau proses pembuatan vaksin terlibat unsur babi. Atas dasar itu,   Majelis Ulama Indonesia menerbitkan Fatwa Nomor  33 Tahun 2018 tentang Penggunaan Vaksin Mr (Measles Rubella) Produk dari SII (Serum Intitute Of India) untuk Imunisasi yang menentukan bahwa  “penggunaan vaksin yang memanfaatkan unsur babi dan turunannya hukumnya haram”.  MUI menyamakan keterlibatan unsur babi sebagai bahan utama dan sebagai media pembuatan vaksin. Tulisan ini mengubungkan fatwa tersebut dengan keharaman benda tertentu dalam al-Qur'an,  hadis,  dan penafsiran yang dilakukan para ulama, terutama terkait dengan teori istihālah (perubahan sempurna) dan istihlāk (percampuran). Kedua teori ini digunakan dalam pemikiran para ulama mazhab dan pada masa sekarang, terutama sekali pada benda-benda yang berubah melalui proses fermentasi dan sintetis, yang dapat disebut sebagai rekayasa kimiawi.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116287297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pendidikan Antikorupsi sebagai Kebijakan Non-Penal dalam Upaya Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Korupsi","authors":"Adlia Nur Zhafarina, D. J. Bantam","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.9497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9497","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to improve the implementation of Anti-Corruption Education in the curriculum of the Indonesian tertiary education. The study is a normative-empirical legal research, which was carried out by examining both secondary and primary data. The secondary data consists of both primary and secondary legal materials obtained by library research. Furthermore, the primary data is in the form of interview & survey results obtained by interviewing informants using interview guidelines and survey results on respondents retrieved by measuring instruments which have been declared reliable and valid to measure the perception of anti-corruption education by an academic community. The results of the study in 2020 perceive that the implementation of Anti-Corruption Education in universities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta by the academic community is higher than the data from the monitoring and evaluation of Anti-Corruption Education in 2019 which was initiated by the Corruption Eradication Commission based on the experience of the study program as a respondent. This is also backed by a description of the implementation of Anti-Corruption Education in several universities, in the form of both independent and insertion courses.Penelitian yang berjudul Pendidikan Antikorupsi Sebagai Kebijakan Non-Penal Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Korupsi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan implementasi Pendidikan Antikorupsi dalam kurikulum perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif-empiris, yang mana dilakukan dengan cara meneliti data sekunder dan data primer. Data sekunder sebagaimana dimaksud terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dengan cara penelitian kepustakaan. Selanjutnya, untuk data primer sebagaimana dimaksud berupa hasil wawancara dan hasil survey yang diperoleh dengan cara wawancara kepada narasumber dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan survei kepada responden dengan mengunakan alat ukur yang telah dinyatakan reliable dan valid untuk mengukur persepsi pendidikan antikorupsi oleh sivitas akademika. Hasil penelitian pada tahun 2020 ini mempersepsikan bahwa implementasi Pendidikan Antikorupsi pada perguruan tinggi di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta oleh sivitas akademika lebih tinggi dari data hasil monitoring dan evaluasi Pendidikan Antikorupsi tahun 2019 yang diinisiasi oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi berdasarkan pengalaman program studi sebagai responden. Hal ini juga didukung dengan gambaran telah terimplementasinya Pendidikan Antikorupsi di beberapa perguruan tinggi baik berupa mata kuliah mandiri maupun mata kuliah insersi.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"38 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120823303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematika Regulasi Pengelolaan Dana Abadi Umat: Disharmonisasi Kelembagaan dan Legal Standing","authors":"Muhammad Aziz Zakiruddin","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.9494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9494","url":null,"abstract":"Law Number 8 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Hajj and Umrah Worship, discusses the polemic and disharmony of Law Number 34 of 2014 concerning Hajj Financial Management. The elimination and transfer of the functions and duties of the Badan Pengelola Dana Abadi Umat (BP-DAU) to the Ministry of Religion resulted in disharmony. Not only in the regulatory aspect but in institutions. Some questions or problem formulations that arise in this paper are, what are the dynamics in the management of the Umat Endowment Fund? Second, what are the factors of institutional disharmony and legal aspects in the management of the Dana Abadi Umat? How is the impact of this disharmony on the management of the Dana Abadi Umat? In answering these questions the authors use the Library research method with a statutory approach (Statue approach), which is built on legal theories, tiered legal theory \"The Hierarchy Of law\", then the principles of legal preference, as well as Synchronization and Harmonization of laws. invite. This dualism is caused by disharmony between the PKH law and the PIHU law, disharmony in the PIHU Law is built on various factors and aspects, so that the PIHU Law is deemed not to apply the principle of legacy and the principle of forming good legislation. This dualism in the management of the DAU can affect the existence of BPKH and open up conflicts and problems in the future. Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaran Ibadah Haji dan Umrah, menyisakan polemik dan disharmonsasi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 34 tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Haji. Penghapusan dan pengalihan fungsi dan tugas Badan Pengelola Dana Abadi Umat (BP-DAU) kepada Kementerian Agama, menyebabkan disharmonisasi. Tidak hanya dalam aspek regulasi namun dalam kelembagaan. Beberapa pertanyaan atau rumusan masalah yang muncul dalam tulisan ini yaitu, bagaimana dinamika yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan Dana Abadi Umat? Kedua, apa yang menjadi faktor disharmonisasi kelembagaan dan legal aspek dalam pengelolaan Dana Abadi Umat? Bagaimana dampak disharmonisasi tersebut pada pengelolaan Dana Abadi Umat? Dalam menjawab pertanyaan tersebut penulis menggunakan metode Library research dengan pendekatan perundang -undangan ( Statue approach ), yang dibangun atas teori-teori hukum, Teori hukum berjenjang “ The Hierarchy Of law” , kemudian asas-asas preferensi hukum, serta Sinkronisai dan Harmonisai undang-undang. Dualisme ini disebabkan disharmonisasi diantara undang-undang PKH dan undang-undang PIHU, disharmonisai dalam UU PIHU dibangun atas berbagai faktor dan aspek, sehingga UU PIHU dinilai kurang menerapkan principle of legacy serta asas pembentukan perundangan yang baik. Dualisme dalam pengelolaan DAU ini dapat mempengaruhi eksistensi BPKH dan membuka konflik dan problem di masa yang mendatang.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125836347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rekonstruksi Subjek dan Peristiwa Hukum Akad Pembiayaan Murabahah pada Perbankan Syariah","authors":"Muhammad Dayyan","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.9315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9315","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that the murabahah contract implemented by Islamic banking with reference to the DSN-MUI fatwa and the Murabahah SOP formulated by the OJK is still ambiguous in terms of the pillars of both legal actions (legal events) and subjects (actors) of a series of legal events. Whereas financing with murabahah is very dominantly practiced by banks in channeling their funds to the public. This has spawned a number of studies that see many sides of weakness and even conflict with sharia principles. By using the ushul fiqh approach and using primary and secondary legal materials, the authors conduct a content analysis offering reconstruction of murabahah financing contracts in Islamic banking. The results of this study found that the murabahah financing contract was eleven legal events and four subjects were perpetrators of legal acts. These eleven legal events must be included as a new pillar of the murabahah financing agreement as an instrument for realizing maslahah and economic distributive justice. Artikel ini beragumen bahwa akad murabahah yang diterapkan oleh perbankan syariah dengan mengacu pada fatwa DSN-MUI dan SOP Murabahah yang dirumuskan oleh OJK masih ambingu dari segi rukun baik perbuatan hukum (peristiwa hukum) maupun subjek (pelaku) dari serangkaian peristiwa hukum. Padahal pembiayaan dengan murabahah sangat dominan dipraktekkan oleh perbankan dalam menyalurkan dananya kepada masyarakat. Hal ini telah melahirkan sejumlah penelitian yang melihat banyak sisi kelemahan bahkan bertentangan dengan prinsip syariah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan ushul fiqh dan menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, penulis melakukan content analysis menawarkan rekonstruksi akad pembiayaan murabahahpada perbankan syariah. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan akad pembiayaan murabahah sebelas peristiwa hukum dan empat subjek pelaku perbuatan hukum. Kesebelas peristiwa hukum ini harus dimasukkan sebagai rukun baru dari akad pembiayaan murabahah sebagai instrument untuk  merelaisasikan maslahah dan keadilan distributif ekonomi.  ","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"74 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131922028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syariat Islam dan Budaya Hukum Masyarakat di Aceh","authors":"Hasnul Arifin Melayu, Rusjdi Ali Muhammad, Zawawi Abu Bakar, Ihdi Karim Makinara, A. Salam","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.9073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.9073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the influence of the implementation of Islamic law on the legal culture of society in Aceh. This question arises because in the last few years after the enactment of the Qanun Hukum Jinayat (QHJ) in 2015 the number of cases of sharia violations in several districts /cities in Aceh shows a fluctuating trend and tends to increase. The implementation of QHJ, with the increasing number of lashes, should be able to reduce the occurrence of violations. Why hasn't QHJ been able to reduce the number of violations? This study uses a political science approach to law with data collection techniques through observation, interviews with open-ended questionare and review of documentation. The results showed that the QHJ was not optimal in creating the legal culture of the Acehnese people. This is because (1) the legal politics of the Aceh Government are not serious in implementing QHJ, (2) there are still many Acehnese people who do not fully understand the contents of the QHJ. It can be concluded that in general the QHJ has not been maximally implemented by the Government of Aceh, especially Aceh Tamiang District and Sabang City due to several constraints including budget, human resource management and policy dissemination. This paper has implications for the change in the orientation of the Aceh Government's political and legal policies to be more comprehensive in implementing Islamic law in the future.Tulisan ini mendiskusikan pengaruh pelaksanaan syariat Islam terhadap budaya hukum masyarakat di Aceh. Pertanyaan ini muncul karena dalam beberapa tahun terakhir setelah diberlakukannya Qanun Hukum Jinayat (QHJ) tahun 2015 angka kasus-kasus pelanggaran syariat di beberapa Kabupaten/Kota di Aceh menunjukkan tren yang fluktuatif dan cenderung meningkat. Pemberlakuan QHJ, dengan semakin bertambahnya jumlah cambuk, seharusnya mampu menekan terjadinya pelanggaran. Mengapa QHJ belum mampu menekan angka pelanggaran tersebut? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ilmu politik hukum dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dengan open-ended questionare dan telaah dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa QHJ tidak maksimal dalam menciptakan budaya hukum masyarakat Aceh. Hal ini karena (1) politik hukum Pemerintah Aceh tidak serius dalam menjalankan QHJ, (2) masih banyak masyarakat Aceh yang tidak memahami secara menyeluruh isi QHJ tersebut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum QHJ belum secara maksimal diimplementasikan oleh Pemerintah Aceh khususnya Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dan Kota Sabang karena beberapa kendala baik anggaran, manajemen SDM dan sosialisasi kebijakan. Tulisan ini berimplikasi terhadap perubahan orientasi kebijakan politik hukum Pemerintah Aceh untuk lebih komprehensif dalam pelaksanaan syariat Islam ke depan.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120979354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardisasi Nafkah Istri: Studi Perbandingan Mazhab Maliki dan Mazhab Syafi’i","authors":"Karimuddin Karimuddin, Syahrizal Abbas, A. Sarong, Afrizal Afrizal","doi":"10.22373/jms.v23i1.8655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i1.8655","url":null,"abstract":"The standard of living for the wife that is obliged to be provided by the husband is not clearly defined in the Koran and the hadiths, thus requiring the scholars to perform ijtihad in determining the size of the wife's income. The results of the ulama's ijtihad regarding the size of the wife's income will differ along with the different methods of ijtihad and the argument used, so that it becomes ambiguous (obscure) for the community to understand the actual size of the living according to the opinion of certain schools of thought. Based on the description of the problem, it is necessary to have an in-depth study of the standardization of the wife's income, which the author limits according to the Maliki and Shafi'i school. In this study the authors used a qualitative research method with a normative approach. The results of the research of the Maliki school of wife's income were not determined by a certain size, but the wife's obligation to support her was according to the husband's income level and the level of the wife's needs, so the Maliki school did not see the wife's obligation to support the husband's rich or poor. While the Shafi'i school determines the level of the wife's income with two classifications, food and clothing are determined according to the husband's class of income, while the residence or house is determined according to the wife's family stratum and the wife's eligibility to live in. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the standardization of the wife's income is determined according to the ijtihad of different scholars according to the ijtihad method used. Standar nafkah istri yang wajib diberikan suami tidak ditentukan secara jelas dalam Alquran dan hadis, sehingga mengharuskan para ulama untuk berijtihad dalam menentukan ukuran nafkah istri tersebut. Hasil ijtihad para ulama tentang ukuran nafkah istri akan berbeda seiring dengan berbedanya metode ijtihad dan dalil yang digunakan, sehingga menjadi ambigu (kekaburan) bagi masyarakat untuk memahami ukuran nafkah yang sebenarnya menurut pendapat mazhab tertentu. Berdasarkan deskripsi permasalahan tersebut perlu ada sebuah kajian yang mendalam tentang standardisasi nafkah istri yang penulis batasi menurut mazhab Maliki dan Syafi’i. Dalam kajian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan hukum (comparative approach). Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa dalam mazhab Maliki nafkah istri tidak ditentukan ukuran tertentu namun kewajiban nafkah istri tersebut menurut kadar penghasilan suami dan kadar kebutuhan istri, jadi mazhab Maliki tidak melihat kewajiban nafkah istri tersebut kepada kaya atau miskinnya suami. Sementara mazhab Syafi‘i menentukan kadar nafkah istri dengan dua klasifikasi, untuk makanan dan pakaian ditentukan menurut kelas perhasilan suami, sementara untuk tempat tinggal atau rumah ditentukan sesuai dengan strata keluarga istri dan kelayakan istri untuk menetap di dalamnya. Berdasarkan hasil peneli","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130565597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analisis Shariah Compliance Praktik Murabahah Lil Aamir Bisy-Syiraa' pada Bank Syariah di Indonesia","authors":"Azwar Iskandar, Hendra Wijaya, Khaerul Aqbar","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This research aims to analyze the extent of the practice of murabahah in sharia banking Indonesia according to the concepts and rules of sharia, jurisprudence, and fatwa (shariah compliance). The study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with a critical study method and library research. The results showed that the practice of murabahah in sharia banking has not fully fulfilled the rules in shariah compliance. Among the irregularities that have occurred to shariah compliance: (i) the murabahah agreement is directly agreed between the sharia bank and the customer, while the goods have not belonged to the bank and have not been accepted (al-qabd) with the result that the contract becomes void; (ii) the designation of the deputy by sharia bank in the murabahah lil aamir bisy-syiraa' is feared falling on the riba, namely as ‘hilah’ for debt with interest; (iii) the practice of the murabahah agreement may fall on the type of double contract (al-'uquud al-murakkabah) which is prohibited if the agreement between the customer and the bank is binding and there is no right to vote between the parties (khiyar); (iv) in its practice, sharia banks do not take profit based on the ra’sulmāl, but from the money incurred by the bank; and (v) in the event of a guarantee position, the sharia bank lays it as a necessity. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana praktik murabahah di perbankan syariah Indonesia telah berjalan sesuai konsep dan aturan syariat Islam, baik berdasarkan nas-nas syariat, batasan-batasan fikih, maupun fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI (shariah compliance). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan metode studi kritis dan riset kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik murabahah pada perbankan syariah belum sepenuhnya memenuhi aturan dalam syariat (shariah compliance). Di antara penyimpangan yang terjadi terhadap kepatuhan syariah (shariah compliance): (i) akad jual-beli murabahah langsung disepakati antara pihak bank syariah dan nasabah, sementara barang belum menjadi milik bank dan belum diterima (al-qabd) sehingga akad tersebut menjadi fasid (batal); (ii) penunjukan wakil oleh bank syariah dalam akad murabahah lil aamir bisy-syiraa’ dikhawatirkan terjatuh pada syubhat riba, yaitu sebagai hilah (rekayasa) atas hutang dengan bunga; (iii) praktik jual-beli dengan akad murabahah dapat terjatuh pada jenis akad berganda (al-‘uquud al-murakkabah) yang terlarang jika perjanjian antara nasabah dan bank bersifat mengikat dan tidak ada hak khiyaar (memilih) antara kedua belah pihak; (iv) dalam praktiknya, bank syariah tidak mengambil keuntungan berdasarkan besaran dari ra’sulmāl, namun dari besaran uang yang dikeluarkan oleh bank; dan (v) dalam hal kedudukan jaminan, bank syariah menetapkannya sebagai suatu keharusan. ","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122033385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}