Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial最新文献

{"title":"Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Praktik Jual Beli Hari Kerja oleh Buruh Pabrik","authors":"A. Alam, Kintan Indah Sriwahyuni","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8034","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study describes the review of Islamic law related to the sale and purchase of workdays conducted by factory workers Oil palm Fabrique in Simpang Nibung Rawas Village, South Sumatra Province. This paper is field research by interviewing 13 factory workers to get an overview of buying and selling working days. This study also uses a literature review from Islamic legal sources and MUI fatwas to explain the appropriateness of buying and selling working days with Islamic legal principles. In practice, buying and selling working days is not following the provisions of the MUI DSN Fatwa because the ujrah imposed on the seller is determined by one party, the buyer, and the amount of the ujrah is expressed in terms of percentage rather than in nominal form. Besides, there is a mechanism that causes the transaction to contain gharar elements such as the sale of working days that are not yet owned, and the presence of gharar elements creates a new element, namely usury. Sales of working days that are not yet owned by workers cause at the end of the agreement the seller is required to pay the principal receivables accompanied by profits determined by the buyer that can be equated with borrowing money with interest. This research suggests that factory workers borrow funds from Islamic financial institutions that are more in line with Islamic legal guidance This research suggests factory workers not to continue the practice of buying and selling weekdays because there are elements of gharar and usury in it and to consider Islamic financial institutions and zakat institutions as a solution for lending funds.AbstrakPenelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai kajian Hukum Islam terkait jual  beli hari kerja yang dilakukan oleh buruh pabrik CV. Sawit yang ada di DesaSimpang Nibung Rawas, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan mewancarai 13 buruh pabrik untuk mendapatkan gambaran praktik jual beli hari kerja. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan literature review dari sumber-sumber hukum Islam dan fatwa MUI dalam menjelaskan kesesuaian praktik jual beli hari kerja dengan prinsip hukum Islam. Dalam praktiknya jual beli hari kerja tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan Fatwa DSN MUI karena ujrah yang dikenakan kepada penjual ditentukan oleh satu pihak yaitu pembeli dan besarnya keuntungan dinyatakan dengan bentuk prosentase dan bukan dalam bentuk nominal. Selain itu, terdapat alur mekanisme yang menyebabkan bahwa transaksi tersebut mengandung unsur gharar seperti penjualan hari kerja yang belum dimiliki, serta adanya unsur gharar tersebut menimbulkan unsur baru yaitu riba. Penjualan hari kerja yang belum dimiliki oleh buruh menyebabkan saat akhir perjanjian penjual diharuskan membayar pokok piutang disertai keuntungan yang di tentukan oleh pembeli yang dapat disamakan dengan peminjaman uang dengan bunga. Penelitian ini menyarankan para buruh pabrik untuk tidak melanjutkan praktik jual beli hari kerja karena te","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127566286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legalitas Hukum Islam dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia","authors":"M. Habibi","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8050","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis article will explain the legality of Islamic law in the justice system in Indonesia. The importance of this topic to be discussed is because judicial institutions in Indonesia are formed as a result of their multiple historical developments. It was said that because until now in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, several legal systems had various features, structures, and characteristics, namely; the Islamic legal system, customary law system, and Western legal system. The problem that he explains is related to the legality of Islamic law in the judicial system in Indonesia. To answer the questions above, this article uses a qualitative research method with a library research model as a data collection method. The search results found that there are several regulations that have been legalized so that they become positive laws in Indonesia, namely: 1) the 1945 Constitution; 2) Law Number 17 of 1999 concerning the Implementation of Hajj; 3) Law Number 36 of 1999 concerning Management of Zakat; 4) Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf; 5) Law Number 44 of 1999 concerning the Implementation of the Specialties of the Aceh Region; 6) Law No. 3 of 2006 concerning Amendments to Law No. 7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts; 7) Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage.Abstrak: Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang legalitas hukum Islam dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Pentingnya topik ini untuk dibahas karena, lembaga peradilan di Indonesia terbentuk akibat dari perkembangan sejarahnya yang bersifat majemuk. Dikatakan demikian, karena sampai saat ini di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia berlaku beberapa sistem hukum yang memiliki corak, susunan dan karakteristik yang beragam, yaitu; sistem hukum Islam, sistem hukum Adat, dan sistem hukum Barat. Permasalahan yang jelaskan berkaitan dengan legalitas hukum Islam dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan di atas, artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan model library reseach sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Hasil penelusuran ditemukan bahwa ada beberapa aturan yang telah dilegalisir sehingga menjadi hukum positif di Indonesia, yaitu: 1) Undang-Undang Dasar tahun 1945; 2) Undang-Undang Nomor 17 tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji; 3) Undang-Undang Nomor 36 tahun 1999 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat; 4) Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf; 5) Undang-Undang Nomor 44 tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Keistimewaan Daerah Aceh; 6) Undang-Undang Nomor03 Tahun 2006 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 7 tahun 1989 tentang Peradilan Agama; 7) Undang-Undang Nomor 01 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115238962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspektif Hukum Islam terhadap Perlindungan Khusus bagi Pelapor dan Saksi Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang","authors":"Faisal Fauzan, Bismi Khalidin, Ira Maghfirah","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to determine how the perspective of Islamic law on special protection for whistleblowers and witnesses is regulated in existing law in Indonesia, especially in Government Regulation No.57 of 2003 concerning Special Protection Procedures for Reporters and Witnesses to the Crime of Money Laundering. As normative juridical law research and is analyzed using descriptive-analytical methods, namely by analyzing the data under study by describing these data, then the conclusion is drawn. Special protection is a form of protection provided by the state to guarantee a sense of security for Reporting Parties or Witnesses from possible threats that endanger themselves, their lives, and/or their assets including their families. Criminal provisions in positive law, namely those regulated in Legislation Number 31 of 1999, for perpetrators who threaten and intimidate witnesses and whistleblowers can be subject to imprisonment and fines. In Islam, giving testimony is ordered directly in the Koran so that maintaining the safety of witnesses is also very important. The perspective of Islamic law on the form of special protection for whistleblowers and witnesses in criminal acts, in particular, the Crime of Money Laundering in positive law in Indonesia has met the values in the objectives of Islamic law (maqashid al-shari'ah). This is regulated in the Positive Law in Indonesia which regulates sufficiently the rights of a witness and also a whistleblower of a crime. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perspektif hukum Islam terhadap perlindungan khusus bagi saksi dan pelapor yang diatur dalam hukum positif di Indonesia, khususnya Peraturan Pemerintah No.57 Tahun 2003 tentang Tatacara Perlindungan Khusus Bagi Pelapor dan Saksi Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian hukum yuridis normative dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik yaitu dengan cara menganalisa data yang diteliti dengan memaparkan data-data tersebut, kemudian diperoleh kesimpulan. Perlindungan khusus adalah suatu bentuk perlindungan yang diberikan oleh negara untuk memberikan jaminan rasa aman terhadap Pelapor atau Saksi dari kemungkinan ancaman yang membahayakan diri, jiwa dan/atau hartanya termasuk keluarganya. Ketentuan pidana secara eksplisit diatur dalam Undang-Undang No.31 Tahun 1999, bagi pelaku yang melakukan ancaman dan intimidasi terhadap saksi dan pelapor dapat dikenakan pidana penjara dan denda. Perspektif hukum Islam terhadap bentuk perlindungan khusus terhadap pelapor dan saksi dalam tindak pidana, khususnya Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dalam hukum positif di Indonesia telah memenuhi nilai-nilai dalam tujuan syariat Islam ( maqashid al-syari’ah ). Hal ini secara terang diatur dalam Hukum Positif di Indonesia yang mengatur secara cukup hak daripada seorang saksi dan juga pelapor tindak pidana.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115775633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qath'i dan Zhanni dalam Kewarisan Islam","authors":"Dena Kurniasari, Nabila Rahma Roihani, Shafriyana Mawarni Nurjannah","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.7851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.7851","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractQath'i and zhanni in Usul fiqh are useful to explain the source text of Islāmic law, both the Qur'an and the hadith in two ways, namely al-tsubut (existence) or al-wurud (coming of the truth of the source) and al-dalalah (interpretation). In the context of qath'i and zhanny al-wurud the scholars agree that al-Qur'an and muthatith hadith are qath’y.. But they differ in terms of qath'i and zhanni from al-dalalah's side. The ulama of ushul fiqh states that there are religious texts that only contain one clear meaning and cannot debate other interpretations, also contain certain numbers, so the text is considered as a qath'i al-dalalah text. While contemporary scholars argue that the concept of qath'i and zhanni While contemporary scholars argue that the concept of qath'i and zhanni al-dalalah both the Qur'an and Hadith cannot be seen from the meaning of lafaz alone but also on the desired essence of the lafaz. Thus, the result is that religious texts in the field of inheritance law are open to modern interpretations. Islāmic inheritance include in the Zhanni al-dalalah group because relates to human relations and socio-economic roles, also, historically the verses on inheritance contain the essential meaning of justice.AbstrakQath’i dan zhanni dalam Ushul fiqh digunakan untuk menjelaskan teks sumber hukum Islam, baik itu al-Qur’an maupun hadits dalam dua hal, yaitu al-tsubut (eksistensi) atau al-wurud (kedatangan kebenaran sumber) dan al-dalalah (interpretasi). Dalam konteks qath’i dan zhanny al-wurud para ulama sepakat bahwa al-Qur’an dan hadits mutawatir adalah qath’i Namun mereka berbeda pendapat dalam hal qath’i dan zhanny dari sisi al-dalalah. Ulama ushul fiqh menyatakan bahwa jika suatu teks keagamaan hanya mengandung satu makna yang jelas dan tidak bisa membuka kemungkinan interpretasi lain, serta menyebutkan bilangan tertentu, maka teks tersebut dianggap sebagai teks yang qath’i dari sisi al-dalalah. Sementara ulama kontemporer berpendapat bahwa konsep qath’i dan zhanni al-dalalah baik al-Qur’an maupun Hadits tidak bisa dilihat dari kejelasan makna lafaz saja tetapi juga pada esensi yang diinginkan dari lafaz tersebut. Dengan demikian konsekuensinya adalah teks-teks keagamaan di bidang hukum waris terbuka terhadap penafsiran modern. Kewarisan islam masuk dalam kategori zhanny al-dalalah karena kaitannya dengan  hubungan antar manusia dan peran sosial ekonomi, selain itu jika dilihat secara historisnya ayat-ayat mengenai kewarisan mengandung makna yang esensi yaitu keadilan.","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"26 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116460887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penutup Aurat bagi Perempuan Transgender dalam Hukum Islam","authors":"Rahayu Irhami, M. Syaifuddin, Inggit Ayuning Pandini, Shuhita Endah Palupi","doi":"10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22373/JMS.V22I2.8413","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study describes the review of Islamic law related to the sale and purchase of workdays conducted by factory workers Oil palm Fabrique in Simpang Nibung Rawas Village, South Sumatra Province. This paper is field research by interviewing 13 factory workers to get an overview of buying and selling working days. This study also uses a literature review from Islamic legal sources and MUI fatwas to explain the appropriateness of buying and selling working days with Islamic legal principles. In practice, buying and selling working days is not following the provisions of the MUI DSN Fatwa because the ujrah imposed on the seller is determined by one party, the buyer, and the amount of the ujrah is expressed in terms of percentage rather than in nominal form. Besides, there is a mechanism that causes the transaction to contain gharar elements such as the sale of working days that are not yet owned, and the presence of gharar elements creates a new element, namely usury. Sales of working days that are not yet owned by workers cause at the end of the agreement the seller is required to pay the principal receivables accompanied by profits determined by the buyer that can be equated with borrowing money with interest. This research suggests that factory workers borrow funds from Islamic financial institutions that are more in line with Islamic legal guidance This research suggests factory workers not to continue the practice of buying and selling weekdays because there are elements of gharar and usury in it and to consider Islamic financial institutions and zakat institutions as a solution for lending funds.AbstrakPenelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai kajian Hukum Islam terkait jual  beli hari kerja yang dilakukan oleh buruh pabrik CV. Sawit yang ada di DesaSimpang Nibung Rawas, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan mewancarai 13 buruh pabrik untuk mendapatkan gambaran praktik jual beli hari kerja. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan literature review dari sumber-sumber hukum Islam dan fatwa MUI dalam menjelaskan kesesuaian praktik jual beli hari kerja dengan prinsip hukum Islam. Dalam praktiknya jual beli hari kerja tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan Fatwa DSN MUI karena ujrah yang dikenakan kepada penjual ditentukan oleh satu pihak yaitu pembeli dan besarnya keuntungan dinyatakan dengan bentuk prosentase dan bukan dalam bentuk nominal. Selain itu, terdapat alur mekanisme yang menyebabkan bahwa transaksi tersebut mengandung unsur gharar seperti penjualan hari kerja yang belum dimiliki, serta adanya unsur gharar tersebut menimbulkan unsur baru yaitu riba. Penjualan hari kerja yang belum dimiliki oleh buruh menyebabkan saat akhir perjanjian penjual diharuskan membayar pokok piutang disertai keuntungan yang di tentukan oleh pembeli yang dapat disamakan dengan peminjaman uang dengan bunga. Penelitian ini menyarankan para buruh pabrik untuk tidak melanjutkan praktik jual beli hari kerja karena te","PeriodicalId":436246,"journal":{"name":"Media Syari'ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123435931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}