Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology最新文献_第5页

Apotropaea in the Equipment of Ancient Egyptian Infant Burials of the 1st Millennium BC from Eastern Giza: Archaeological Context, Typology, and Interpretation 吉萨东部公元前一千年古埃及婴儿墓葬的装备:考古背景、类型学和解释

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.55086/sp23281104

Maksim A. Lebedev, S. Malykh

{"title":"Apotropaea in the Equipment of Ancient Egyptian Infant Burials of the 1st Millennium BC from Eastern Giza: Archaeological Context, Typology, and Interpretation","authors":"Maksim A. Lebedev, S. Malykh","doi":"10.55086/sp23281104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp23281104","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the results of the work of the Russian Archaeological Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Giza in 2013, 2017, and 2019—2020. During these seasons, the team recorded a unique double infant burial in an amphora in rock-cut tomb GE 49 (the southern section of the Russian concession) and a cemetery to the west of the rock-cut tomb of Kakherptah (the north-western section of the Russian concession). The internments are dated to the first half of the 1st millennium B. C. The infant burial in an Egyptian amphora of Dynasty XXI (1070/1069—946/945 BC) has been preserved in fragments. However, part of the accompanying inventory has survived and is represented by a beaded bracelet and a scarab amulet. Of the 29 burials in the cemetery near the tomb of Kakherptah, 11 belonged to children. They are mostly well preserved, allowing us to study the features of burial rites, which included inhumation in an extended position on the back, head to the west with some shift to the south or north. The latter is probably related to burial at different months when orientation of internments followed the solar declination. Unlike the burials of adults, which remained without grave goods, the infant burials were equipped with a significant amount of jewelry and apotropaic amulets. Their shape is typical for Dynasties XXII—XXV (946/945—664 BC), which determines the dating of the cemetery near the tomb of Kakherptah. Despite the abundance of comparative material, primarily amulets, in Egyptological literature and museum collections, the discovery of these items in situ is extremely rare. The archaeological context allows us to consider the characteristics of their use in the ancient Egyptian burial rites of the Third Intermediate Period.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124156479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Composition of the Alloy of Metal Objects from the Excavations of the Late Bronze Age Settlement of Bagay 1 in the North-Western Crimea 克里米亚西北部巴加伊1号青铜时代晚期聚落出土金属器物的合金成分

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.55086/sp232319336

Andrei Goroshnikov, Zoya Goroshnikova, T. Smekalova, A. Antipenko

{"title":"The Composition of the Alloy of Metal Objects from the Excavations of the Late Bronze Age Settlement of Bagay 1 in the North-Western Crimea","authors":"Andrei Goroshnikov, Zoya Goroshnikova, T. Smekalova, A. Antipenko","doi":"10.55086/sp232319336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp232319336","url":null,"abstract":"The Late Bronze Age settlement Bagai 1 is located on the left bank of the Bagai ravine, which flows into one of the largest lakes in the Crimea, Sasyk-Sivash, near the city of Yevpatoria. In the northern part of the settlement, excavations were carried out by the expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in connection with the construction of the Yevpatoria branch of the Tavrida highway. The article examines the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the alloy composition of metal finds from the excavations. It turned out that all studied items of the Late Bronze Age were made of tin bronze, in which the corresponding ligature is from 2 to 20 %. The only exception is a miniature chisel, in which there is no tin, and in addition to copper, more than 8 % of iron was found. Other prescription components (arsenic, antimony, lead) are also found in several items, but in very small concentrations (up to 2 %). The use of tin bronze in items of the Late Bronze Age is a distinctive feature of the Central European tradition and allows us to attribute the alloys of the items studied to the Carpatho-Transylvanian metallurgical province.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132473789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Paleoenvironments, Human Settlement and Adaptations in the East Siberian Arctic 东西伯利亚北极地区晚更新世和早全新世古环境、人类定居和适应

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp231193228

V. Pitulko, Elena Pavlova

{"title":"Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Paleoenvironments, Human Settlement and Adaptations in the East Siberian Arctic","authors":"V. Pitulko, Elena Pavlova","doi":"10.55086/sp231193228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp231193228","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological record of the Stone Age in the East Siberian Arctic spans approximately 50,000 years. There are three main stages reflecting steps in human settlement of the Arctic Eurasia driven by various abiotic and biotic factors: early (~50 to ~29 ka, MIS 3); middle (~29 to ~ 11,7 ka, MIS 2) and late (from 11,7 to ~8 ka). Successful peopling of the Arctic was largely facilitated by adoption of critically important innovations such as sewing technology based on the use of eyed bone needle, and manufacture of long shafts and pointed implements made of mammoth tusks. Mammoth exploitation is seen in mass accumulations of mammoth formed by hunting. Obvious connection between archaeological materials and such accumulations is observed in the archaeological record. In lithic technology, the early stage is presented by archaic-looking flake industries, the middle stage witnesses the spread of the wedge-core based microblade technology known as Beringian microblade tradition, and the late stage is characterized by microprismatic blade technology. Long-distance transport of artifacts, knowledge and genes was facilitated by the introduction of land transportation system. The initial peopling of the region was associated with the carriers of the West Eurasian genome, who were subsequently gradually replaced by populations of the East Asian ancestry moving North under the pressure of environmental changes.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132426729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Examples of Apprentice Flint Knapping at the Zaraysk B Site 徒弟弗林特在Zaraysk B站点的敲打实例

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp2316581

D. Eskova, S. Lev

引用次数: 0

Finger Rings from the Double Burial of Teenagers at the Sungir Upper Paleolithic Site 旧石器时代sungil遗址青少年双葬的戒指

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp2314964

G. Khlopachev, L. Bazilevich

{"title":"Finger Rings from the Double Burial of Teenagers at the Sungir Upper Paleolithic Site","authors":"G. Khlopachev, L. Bazilevich","doi":"10.55086/sp2314964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp2314964","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a technical and morphological study of a series of ivory finger rings discovered in 1969 by O. N. Bader during his excavations of a unique double burial of teenagers at the Sungir Upper Palaeolithic site (35—29 thousand years ago), situated at the eastern suburb of the city Vladimir in Vladimir province of Russia. The objects under study are nine artifacts in the shape of small rings made of mammoth ivory, including six intact finger rings found on the fingers of two buried teenager boys. The newly obtained technological and use-wear evidence makes it possible to better understand how the rings were produced and used. In particular, it suggests that both closed and disconnected rings were carved from short and massive ivory chips. Special attention was given not to the aesthetic of the outer surface but rather to the morphometric properties of the inner surface. The character of pitting on the ring surfaces, peculiarities of their position on the fingers, and the character of the archaeological context of these finds point to the possibility that they were probably not only personal ornaments of ancient hunters, but had also some strictly utilitarian function associated with the use (throwing) of projectiles.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120944027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive Structures and Mechanisms of Form Making in the Analysis of Controlled Flaking Process 控制剥落过程分析中形态形成的认知结构与机制

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp231231248

E. Kaziev, Alexander Otcherednoy

引用次数: 0

Upper Palaeolithic Settlement Anetovka II: Some Issues in the Planigraphy of the Cultural Layer 旧石器时代晚期聚落阿内托夫卡II:文化层平面刻划中的若干问题

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp231155167

I. Pistruil

{"title":"Upper Palaeolithic Settlement Anetovka II: Some Issues in the Planigraphy of the Cultural Layer","authors":"I. Pistruil","doi":"10.55086/sp231155167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp231155167","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Palaeolithic settlement of Anetovka II was discovered in 1978. Since then, an area ca. 2000 square meters have been uncovered. The collection includes about 2 million flint items and 0.5 million fragments of animal bones. V. N. Stanko identified three structurally and functionally different complexes within the excavated area: a) a macrocluster of flint and fauna (up to 500 square meters) with buffalo skulls painted with ocher found in its southeastern part; b) a group of 40 individual microclusters, consisting of animal bones and flints interpreted as butchering areas; c) a complex of microclusters presumably associated with the manufacture of flint artifacts. According to V. N. Stanko, these complexes form either a single ritual center associated with ceremonial and theatrical festivities of buffalo hunters or a joint production and ritual center used by all hunting communities that co-inhabited the region. According to alternative views the settlement should be considered a sanctuary (T. I. Shcherbakova) or a waste dump (I. V. Sapozhnikov). In fact, the production area considered to have been associated with flint production only, includes two types of clusters of archaeological material: small ones, with flint inventory, stone anvils, hammersstones and retouchers, and larger ones, containing numerous animal bones. The available evidence allows reconstructing the process of the macrocluster formation and suggests that Anetovka II was a place for the production of flint items and utilization of hunting prey, which included a small cult center.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133421523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flake Cleavers (hachereaux sur éclats) in the Acheulean of the South Caucasus 南高加索阿舍利地区的切片机

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp2318597

A. Zeynalov, S. Kulakov

引用次数: 0

The Initial Stages of the Early Upper Palaeolithic in the Foothills of the Northern Tien Shan, Kazakhstan (Based on the Materials from the Multilayered Maibulak Site) 哈萨克斯坦天山北麓早期上旧石器时代的初始阶段(基于多层迈布拉克遗址的资料)

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp231129152

D. Ozherelyev, Olesia Uspenskaya, Z. Taimagambetov

{"title":"The Initial Stages of the Early Upper Palaeolithic in the Foothills of the Northern Tien Shan, Kazakhstan (Based on the Materials from the Multilayered Maibulak Site)","authors":"D. Ozherelyev, Olesia Uspenskaya, Z. Taimagambetov","doi":"10.55086/sp231129152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55086/sp231129152","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Palaeolithic of the western Central Asia remains poorly understood. On the vast plains and mountainous territories, few sites of this age are known. In this regard, new sites discovered in the contact zone of the steppe and mountain belts of the Northern Tien Shan (Kazakhstan) acquire particular significance. Favorable natural conditions contributed to the active settlement of this territory, and the features of loess sedimentation contributed to the preservation of cultural remains. The first site, discovered and studied in 2004—2006, was the multilayered Maibulak site. The site contains seven cultural layers dated to different stages of the Upper Palaeolithic. The most significant and unique lithic collections were found in cultural layers 3—6, which date back to the Early Upper Palaeolithic. Lithic inventory from layer 6 occupies a special place among them. Two radiocarbon dates were obtained on charcoal from this layer: 35 420 ± 450 14С BP and 34 970 ± 665 14С BP (median 40 557 cal BP and 40 152 cal BP). The lithic industry from layer 6 has certain similarities with the Early Baradostian, Early Ahmarian, Fumanian, Proto-Aurignacian and other synchronous materials from Western Eurasia characterised by the presence of bladelet production technology.","PeriodicalId":435723,"journal":{"name":"Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126856630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bone Artifacts from the Middle Palaeolithic Site of Rozhok I (Cultural Horizon VI) in the North-Eastern Azov Region 东北亚速地区Rozhok I(文化地平线VI)旧石器时代中期遗址的骨制品

Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.55086/sp231101125

A. Kolesnik, E. Girya, A. Danilchenko, V. Titov, Oksana Olikh, Alexander Otcherednoy

引用次数: 0