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Determinants of Life Expectancy over a Century in a Developing Country: The Case of Chile, 1900–2010 发展中国家百年预期寿命的决定因素:1900-2010年智利的案例
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-04-15 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0005
Luis Garrido-Vergara, Ignacio Sepúlveda-Rodríguez
{"title":"Determinants of Life Expectancy over a Century in a Developing Country: The Case of Chile, 1900–2010","authors":"Luis Garrido-Vergara, Ignacio Sepúlveda-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Although life expectancy is a key metric for assessing a population’s health and well-being, there is a lack of both data and studies on this phenomenon over long periods of time in developing countries. Using original datasets for 1900–2010, this paper empirically measures the effect of certain determinants of life expectancy in Chile. The data considered includes sociodemographic information, measures of income distribution, and other indicators related to economic growth and the political system. The results show that, during the twentieth century, aspects related to certain sociodemographic variables, social inequality, and economic growth had a strong impact on the evolution of life expectancy in this country.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79378008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Result without a Cause: The Unique Fertility Pattern of the Israeli-Druze 无因的结果:以色列-德鲁兹人独特的生育模式
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0004
O. Winckler
{"title":"A Result without a Cause: The Unique Fertility Pattern of the Israeli-Druze","authors":"O. Winckler","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The academic and non-academic literature on the Druze emphasize their uniqueness. This rests on many components, the main one being the fact that they continue to live in closed communities; they maintain the confidentiality of their religion; the religion is closed to outsiders; and marriage outside the community is almost non-existent. None of the research on the Israeli-Druze, however, deals with their fertility patterns. The aim of this research is two-fold: first, to sketch the major trends of fertility patterns of the Israeli-Druze since the establishment of the state of Israel. The second aim is to explore the causes for the uniqueness of the Israeli-Druze fertility decline which occurred despite the absence of the major pre-conditions for sub replacement-level fertility rate in line with the Second Demographic Transition theory.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85627291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occupational Gender Segregation in the Rural and Urban Labor Market of Pakistan 巴基斯坦城乡劳动力市场的职业性别隔离
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0003
Muhammad Zaheer-ud-Din Khan, R. Said, N. Mazlan, N. Nor
{"title":"Occupational Gender Segregation in the Rural and Urban Labor Market of Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Zaheer-ud-Din Khan, R. Said, N. Mazlan, N. Nor","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study provides detailed insight into the extent and pattern of occupational segregation by gender in a multi-group context in Pakistan. Microdata obtained from the labor force survey of Pakistan for years 2013-2018 are pooled to obtain more reliable estimates over time. The local segregation measures are used to study occupational segregation by gender and for several subgroups based on individual and labor market characteristics. The analysis is performed separately for rural and urban areas. Results show significantly high occupational gender segregation in the labor market overall. Females suffer greater occupational segregation than males in all subgroups across regions. It is also found that human capital characteristics such as higher education do not contribute to controlling the occupational segregation in the labor market. The study concludes that the occupational gender segregation in Pakistan can be explained by the devaluation hypothesis and compensating differentials theory.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89402816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Child's Gender in Fertility and Family Structure: Evidence across Countries and Centuries 儿童性别在生育和家庭结构中的作用:跨国家和世纪的证据
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0001
H. Noghanibehambari
{"title":"The Role of Child's Gender in Fertility and Family Structure: Evidence across Countries and Centuries","authors":"H. Noghanibehambari","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Previous studies have documented that a child's gender affects future fertility and family structure across several parts of the world. This paper use a comprehensive sets of data sources to examine its heterogeneity across countries and cohorts. Using individual-level data of 516 sample-years from 98 countries that span more than 300 years, I find that, on average, families increase their number of children if their first-born child is a girl. However, this average effect contains substantial heterogeneity. A cohort analysis using data of more developed countries suggests that these effects are concentrated in periods of fertility declines, specifically late 19th century. The effects are also primarily confined to Asia, specifically southeast Asia and Middle-East. Moreover, the fertility effects are significantly stronger among low educated mothers and those residing in countries with lower gender equal norms. Some policy implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86369021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Couple Asymmetries and Modern Contraceptive Use among Young Married Women in Nigeria 夫妇不对称和尼日利亚年轻已婚妇女现代避孕药具的使用
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0002
Olaide O. Ojoniyi, S. Frade
{"title":"Couple Asymmetries and Modern Contraceptive Use among Young Married Women in Nigeria","authors":"Olaide O. Ojoniyi, S. Frade","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Nigeria is faced with high fertility, maternal and child mortality, and a rapid population growth rate. The uptake of modern methods of contraception is crucial to reduce the high fertility rate, halt population growth, lessen child mortality, and enhance maternal health. This study assessed partners' socio-economic and demographic asymmetries as barriers to modern contraceptive use among young married women in Nigeria. This study used data for 5,772 young married women aged 15-34 years from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey 2018. Frequency distributions and binomial logistic regression were carried out using STATA v12. Findings show that 20.4% of young married women use modern contraceptives. Respondents whose partners desire more children were less likely to use modern contraceptives (AOR= 0.712, CI 0.603-0.840). Also, contraceptive use is less likely when the respondent's partner is more educated than the respondent compared to if both have the same level of education (AOR= 0.721, CI 0.607-0.857). Differences in partners' fertility desires and educational status are associated with the use of modern contraceptives among married women aged 15-34 years in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88430765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-employment as an Alternative to Labor Market Bifurcation: The Role of Human and Ethnic Social Capital 自雇作为劳动力市场分化的一种选择:人力和民族社会资本的作用
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.0000
A. Portes, Ryan Bagwell, H. Noghanibehambari, Olaide Ojoniyi, S. Frade, Muhammad Zaheer-ud-Din Khan, R. Said, N. Mazlan, N. Nor, O. Winckler
{"title":"Self-employment as an Alternative to Labor Market Bifurcation: The Role of Human and Ethnic Social Capital","authors":"A. Portes, Ryan Bagwell, H. Noghanibehambari, Olaide Ojoniyi, S. Frade, Muhammad Zaheer-ud-Din Khan, R. Said, N. Mazlan, N. Nor, O. Winckler","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The article examines the role of self-employment in a post-industrial labor market bifurcated between high paying-jobs in the profession and low-paying jobs in the services and construction. In the context, self-employment emerges as an alternative to pour wages and unemployment among both native and immigrant workers. The analysis shows that self-employment is not homogenous between “survival” enterprises yielding minimal income and incorporated firms whose owners earn incomes significantly above their wage-earning counterparts. We examine these differences among whites, blacks, native born and major immigrant nationalities. We examine determinants of earnings and self-employment and find that both are significantly influenced by human capital factors but that, controlling for them, significant differences exist among ethnic groups. These are attributed to differences in social capital linked to ethnic networks. The paper illustrates these differences with examples from the immigrant economic literature and discusses the implications for individual and collective economic achievement.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86613593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter? 巴基斯坦的职业隔离与性别工资差距:职业分类重要吗?
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.a909144
Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Norashidah Mohamed Nor
{"title":"Occupational Segregation and Gender Wage Gap in Pakistan: Do Occupational Classifications Matter?","authors":"Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rusmawati Said, Nur Syazwani Mazlan, Norashidah Mohamed Nor","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.a909144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.a909144","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper aims to quantify the relationship between occupational gender segregation and gender wage disparities in Pakistan. Non-parametric matching-based decomposition method and a detailed set of individual and labor market characteristics, especially the detailed occupations at a 3-digit level, are used to determine the gender wage gap for males and females in and out of the common support. The results show that even though the inclusion of a detailed set of human capital, labor market characteristics, and occupational segregation by gender helps in explaining most of the gender wage gap, a large proportion of the gender wage gap remained unexplained and can be attributed to gender discrimination. A comparison of rural and urban labor markets shows a high rate of the gender wage gap in rural areas compared to urban areas of the country.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136302707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teleworking: An approach to its measurement using official labor surveys in Latin America 远程办公:拉丁美洲官方劳工调查的测量方法
Population Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2023.a906619
Yanira Marcela Oviedo Gil, Favio Ernesto Cala Vitery
{"title":"Teleworking: An approach to its measurement using official labor surveys in Latin America","authors":"Yanira Marcela Oviedo Gil, Favio Ernesto Cala Vitery","doi":"10.1353/prv.2023.a906619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2023.a906619","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this paper we propose a comparable measure of approximate teleworkers in Latin American countries using official labor surveys. To do this, we start from a review of the context and concept of teleworking that allows a better understanding of the matter. Then, we study the literature and propose a standard methodology, understanding teleworkers as homeworkers with occupations supported by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Finally, we apply our methodological proposal in Colombia, Brazil, and Argentina, finding that the conditions imposed by the pandemic seem to have increased levels of effective use of telework. However, the use of telework has not been \"massive\", even in the face of the severity of the pandemic. We close the paper by exploring the characteristics of the approximate teleworkers, obtaining that they tend to be more female, have university education, and work in small firms; they also are slightly older than other workers.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Determinants of Early Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia 印度尼西亚早期新生儿死亡的决定因素
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2022.0009
Irdam Ahmad, Nadia Qothrunnada, Yulintin Riana Dewi
{"title":"Determinants of Early Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia","authors":"Irdam Ahmad, Nadia Qothrunnada, Yulintin Riana Dewi","doi":"10.1353/prv.2022.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2022.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study aimed to analyze the factors that contributed to early neonatal mortality in Indonesia using the raw data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey. The analytical method used was the Rare Event Logistic Regression Model. The results showed that infants who were more likely to die at early neonatal or seven days of life were born to working mothers, mothers with aged <20 years old and > 35 years old, infants born with low birth weight (<2500 grams), male infants, and parturition who were not health officers. About 65.3% of early neonatal deaths were born to working women, 40% were born to women <20 years and > 35 years of age, 44% were low birth weight, 69.3% were male and 56% were born by pregnant women whose parturition are not assisted by health officers.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76036346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Access to Housing of Migrant Populations in Montevideo 蒙得维的亚移民人口获得住房的机会
IF 0.7
Population Review Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1353/prv.2022.0010
Julieta Bengochea, Victoria Prieto Rosas, Camila Montiel
{"title":"Access to Housing of Migrant Populations in Montevideo","authors":"Julieta Bengochea, Victoria Prieto Rosas, Camila Montiel","doi":"10.1353/prv.2022.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/prv.2022.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Collective dwellings are highly prevalent among migrants in south-south migration destination countries, typically associated with poor building quality, overcrowding, and unsafe rental arrangements for their occupants. Using longitudinal data from the Recent Immigration Ethnosurvey (ENIR) conducted in Montevideo from July 2018 to March 2019, this article examines the housing conditions among migrants from Cuban, Dominican, Peruvian, and Venezuelan origins. Using multivariate analysis, we discuss whether and how the community of origin, the socio-demographic characteristics of migrants, the nature of their migratory plans, the existence of support networks, and the configuration of the family unit are associated with the probability of living in collective dwellings upon arrival. This paper contributes to the growing literature on the social inclusion of migrant and refugee populations in Latin America with a topic of the utmost importance in a region with structural issues guaranteeing housing rights for its population.","PeriodicalId":43131,"journal":{"name":"Population Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84553930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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