International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Updating traumatic optic neuropathy","authors":"Hodelin Fuentes Damaris, Fuentes Pelier Damaris","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2018.1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2018.1378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116878122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collodiaphyseal angle in the diagnosis of coxa vara and coxa valga in adult Nigerans","authors":"A. A. Abiodun, I. Ikem, D. Adeyemi, D. Ofusori, O. Komolafe","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1157","url":null,"abstract":"Collodiaphyseal angle (CDA) is the angle formed between the femoral neck axis and the diaphysis axis. The aims of this study were to determine the normal range of collodiaphyseal angle in adults and to determine any difference in the collodiaphyseal angle between right and left femur and also between sexes. 340 subjects consisting of 170 (50%) males and 170 (50%) females were included in this study. Plain radiographs were taken with the patients lying supine and the medial malleoli touching each other to prevent the hips being laterally rotated. Films were shot at a film focal distance (FFD) of 90 cm to minimize magnification. Measurements were taken with calibrated ruler and the collodiaphyseal angle was measured using goniometer. Results showed a normal range of CDA among Nigerian males as mean ± SD of (133.2° ± 7.6) for the right and mean ± SD of (131.1° ± 7.3) for the left. In females, it was (125.1° ± 6.9) on the right and (123.0° ± 6.9) on the left. Based on the study, coxa vara and coxa valga could be diagnosed on the normal range of collodiaphyseal angle in Ile-Ife (118° -145° in males and 110° -138° females). There is also sex variation and difference in CDA between right and left femur. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Collodiaphyseal angle, coxa vara, coxa valga.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133475230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound scans for the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease keeping laboratory high vaginal swab/urine microscopy culture as gold standard in Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Eze, C. Ohagwu, D. Ugwuanyi, Chiegwu Hu, E. Onyeugbo","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2016.1239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2016.1239","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound scanning (USS) and high vaginal swab culture and urine microscopy culture and sensitivity (m/c/s) tests are the most common investigations used for the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in our locality. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of PID keeping laboratory high vaginal swab/urine microscopy, culture as gold standard. The USS, high vaginal swab and urine m/c/s reports of patients referred with PID conditions between January 2010 to April 2013 were obtained from the medical records departments of Nnamdi Azikiwe University teaching hospital, Nnewi, Anambra state.  The diagnostic accuracy was determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value using performance characteristics test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were also used. Spearman rho’s non parametric analysis and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 was equally used. The total number of subjects that were scanned for PID was 120. The highest number of subjects 80 (66.6%) was seen in 21 to 30 years age group. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of ultrasound in PID diagnosis was found to be 100, 65.3, 89.2, 100 and 86.3%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between USS diagnosis of PID and HVS/urine culture findings (p > 0.01). Ultrasound is valuable as the first line of investigation (screening tool) in the diagnosis of PID and should be used in conjunction with other medical investigations to facilitate accurate diagnosis of PID. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Ultrasound, pelvic inflammatory disease, urine culture, high vaginal swab culture, diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125590928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: Impact of obesity and aging on the profile of gonadotrophin and \u0000adrenal hormones","authors":"K. A. L. Dere, K. Koffi, A. G. Niamke, D. Bita, K. E. Manhan, G. Tiahou","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1348","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have been conducted to understand thoroughly the mechanism of polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS), but very few of them came from Africa. The aim of this study, was firstly to make a diagnostic of this syndrome, according to Rotterdam criteria, and secondly to assess the correlation of obesity and age on this pathology. The study was conducted at Bouake, within the medical School and Hospital, during the period, September 2014 to January 2016. All participants have been diagnosed with PCOS on the basis of the Rotterdam criteria. The mean age was 25.37 ± 5.47 and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.82 ± 8.51 kg/m2. There were either significant or no significant statistical differences about parameters value concerning age or BMI into the population. There was no significant statistical difference between age and BMI. Otherwise the overweight and obese patients were both present in the group under 25 years old and in the group having above 25 years old. The differences related to the mean value of hormonal parameters were observed in the two populations according to the BMI range. The mean value of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) has increased according to the augmentation of BMI and age. Contrary to this trend, the mean value of estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) has decreased in the same conditions. The data suggest that in everyday practice, the collaboration between clinician and biologist must be built up in order to make early the diagnosis of PCOS among infertile women. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Polycystic ovaries syndrome, obesity, age, gonadotrophin, adrenal hormones.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130413911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients at southern Ethiopia","authors":"T. Agete, Nigussie Geleta Eshetu","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2018.1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2018.1357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124404466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students towards complementary and alternate medicine","authors":"F. Imtiaz, A. Junaid, Sarmad Pirzada, Arham younus, Rafay Amir","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1349","url":null,"abstract":"Complementary and alternative medicine has been an important part of Pakistani culture for a long time. Whilst it is widely practiced amongst the general population, this study aims to determine attitude and practices of medical students towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and their willingness to learn about them and give advice to their patients about it in future. Cross sectional study was conducted using a self administered questionnaire on the medical students of a public and private sector medical college in Karachi. Students from all years of bachelor of medicine and bachelor of dental surgery (BDS) program were included and were approached using convenience sampling. The data was collected and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPPS) version 21. The study included 246 students and showed they had a positive attitude regarding CAM. Only 18.3% respondents appeared not to be using any of the CAM modalities mentioned in the questionnaire. Participants were more inclined to opt for CAM for common ailments like headache flu rather than medical emergencies in which allopathic medicine was the first choice of treatment. Results showed willingness of 56.4% respondents to advice their patients about CAM in future .Regarding barriers pertaining to usage of CAM, the most important was the belief in the ineffectiveness of CAM (39.5%). Respondents in general believed in the effectiveness of CAM and showed willingness to be trained in various CAM modalities. Considering the widespread popularity of CAM methods amongst medical students, incorporating this in their curriculum could prove really helpful and may aid in better health care for patients in the future.  \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Complementary and alternative medicine, medical students.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging trends in the profession of Biokinetics: A 10 year perspective (2007-2017)","authors":"T. Ellapen, M. Barnard, M. Swanepoel, H. Hammill, Y. Paul, G. Strydom","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1364","url":null,"abstract":"The consistent review of developing patterns in any healthcare profession is important, as this allows the determination of whether the current practitioner registry meets the healthcare demands, or whether the patient market has become oversaturated with practitioners. The South African Biokinetics profession has been established for 35 years, but as never undergone an examination of its developing trends. The aim was to determine the emerging trends of the HPCSA registered students-in-training, intern-biokineticists, and practitioners. Additionally to ascertain whether the practicing biokinetic registry is equitable to the potential South African private healthcare demand.  The HPCSA Annual Reports of 2012/2013 and 2016/2017 identified the number of students-in-training, intern-biokineticists and biokineticists. CMS reports of 2013-2015 identified the South African NCDs and HIV/AIDS prevalence. Annual students-in-training, intern-biokineticists, and practitioner registrations are growing at average of 4.6%, 43.5% and 6.5% per year. However, the conversion of intern-biokineticists to practitioners is progressively dwindling, nevertheless, this attrition of intern-biokineticists is not significant (p>0.05). Positive growth in students-in-training, intern-biokineticists and practitioners HPCSA registrations were identified. The number of practicing biokineticists in the South African private healthcare sector is reaching saturation point relating to the rehabilitation of NCDs and HIV/AIDS patients. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Intern-biokineticist, attrition and growth.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"146 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of thyroid cancer among thyroid swelling in Jimma University Medical Center, South West Ethiopia: A five-year retrospective study","authors":"Dandena Abdi, Sinaga Teshome Melese, B. Mesele","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1361","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancies. It is postulated that goiter is a precursor lesion to the development of thyroid cancer. The worldwide prevalence of goiter in the general population is estimated at 4 to 7%. The objective of the study was to assess the burden of thyroid cancer among patients who visited Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) with thyroid swelling over the past 5 years. The record of patients who had undergone Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) over the past five years from September 2012 to July 2017 was taken as the source population and the patients who underwent FNAC for a thyroid swelling were taken as the study population. The information was collected by the principal investigator and a trained data collector using a structured data collecting guide. Data was compiled and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22 software and presented using tables, graphs and figures. A total of 2008 thyroid cases which underwent FNAC from September 2012 to July 2017 were collected. Of these, 378 (18.9%) were male and 1626 (81.1%) female. It was observed that the highest prevalence of thyroid swelling cases occurred in the age group 20 to 30 years with 577 (29.2%) of the participants. The most common thyroid lesion that was found was goiter accounting for 85.4% (1715/2008) of all thyroid swellings in patients that underwent FNAC during the study period. And the most common malignancy that was found was papillary carcinoma (PTC) accounting for 49.3% of malignant lesions. As known, the highest prevalence of carcinoma was found in 2016/17, with 25 (5.8%) and lowest in 2012/2013 with 8 (3.7%). Based on this study, although thyroid swelling is quite a common problem in and around Jimma, the prevalence of thyroid cancer is quite low. And the leading type of malignancy is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Age was found to have a statistically significant association with thyroid malignancy. And there is an increasing incidence of thyroid malignancy over the past 5 years.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"98 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132831163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotics prescribing patterns and incidence of respiratory tract infection in children under five years: A study in two hospitals in Accra, Ghana","authors":"J. Apenteng, B. Addy, E. O. Onwukwe, Gloria Brookman-Amissah","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1356","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory tract infections are known to have the highest incidence and mortality rates especially among children in developing countries. Antibiotic use is common in respiratory tract infections (RTI); however, increased rates of antibiotic resistance development have prompted studies on prescribing patterns and recommendations for appropriate antibiotic use. This study aims at monitoring prescription patterns of antibiotics for respiratory tract infection in children and establishing a relationship between child ageing and respiratory disease occurrence at Ridge Hospital and Adabraka Polyclinic in Accra, Ghana. The study involved patients age five years and below with RTI cases presented at the two health facilities from January, 2014 to February, 2016. Data was obtained from patient medical folders. Antibiotic treatment for every respiratory diagnosis was compared to recommendations for each diagnosis. Appropriateness of antibiotic prescription was also assessed using a standard criterion. To identify the relationship between ageing in children and respiratory disease incidences, cases were grouped by their ages and the number of cases presented for each age group was counted. Results revealed that, 70.37% of cases from the childrens’ ward of Ridge Hospital with specific diagnoses had antibiotics prescribed appropriately, whilst 29.63% of cases had antibiotics prescribed inappropriately. Also, 34.62% of cases with specific diagnoses from the out-patient department (OPD) of Adabraka Polyclinic resulted in appropriate antibiotic prescription whilst 65.38% had antibiotics prescribed inappropriately. The results obtained indicated an overall decrease in the incidence of RTIs as children aged. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Prescribing patterns, antibiotic resistance, respiratory tract infections, antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126847972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of influence of student perception, knowledge, and area of specilization on ICT utilization for academic purposes in College of Health Technology, Calabar","authors":"Akedor Ibor Usang, Daniel Orok Archibong, Eze Aji, Cynthia Eyong, E. EdadiUkam, O. A. Bassey","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2015.1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2015.1197","url":null,"abstract":"Information Communication Technology (ICT) application in academics and research has come to stay. While the developed world has not only embraced ICT in academics, they have gone ahead to make teaching and learning far more simpler, on the other hand most of the developed world is still grappling with the provision of basic amenities to its citizens that the idea of ICT appears farfetched and elitist. This study was carried out to assess how student perception, knowledge and area of specialization influenced ICT utilization for academic purposes in College of Health Technology, Calabar. To achieve the objective of the study, three hypotheses were raised and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Structured questionnaires were administered randomly to a sample of 390 students drawn from all the Departments of the College. The findings of the study revealed among other things that; from hypothesis one, there was no significant influence of student perception on the use of ICT for academic purposes (P > 0.05); from hypothesis two; student knowledge of ICT did not significantly influence the utilization of ICT for academic purposes (P > 0.05) and hypothesis three revealed that area of specialization significantly influenced utilization of ICT for academic purposes (P > 0.05). Therefore, the use of ICT for teaching and learning and the greater awareness of benefits of ICT use in academics is recommended. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Assessment, student perception, knowledge, area of specialization, ICT utilization in College of Health Technology.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126521106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}