International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The value of exercise therapy to asthmatic patients as an adjunct treatment","authors":"Bernelee Denize Doherty, Y. Paul, T. Ellapen, M. Barnard","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2020.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2020.1414","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that adversely influences the quality of life of many South Africans. The medical management of asthma includes identification, education, medical and pharmaceutical treatment. Literature has inequitably demonstrated that habitual structured exercise therapy can be a beneficial adjunct to general medical and pharmaceutical management strategies. This clinical commentary aims to increase awareness regarding the salutogenic effect of structured exercise on asthma. There is need for asthmatic management strategies that are not influenced by financial cost, and which, consequently, have the ability to reach more patients. This study recommends the adoption of regular structured exercise rehabilitation as an adjunct to popular asthmatic treatment protocols. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Asthma, benefits, exercise, risks","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127473009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information and communication technologies and patient empowerment: A complex skein","authors":"Alberto Ardissone","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2020.1412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2020.1412","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore the relationship between patient empowerment and information and communication technologies (ICTs). Indeed, ICTs are considered important for increasing access to medical information and for patients’ other experiences, thereby nourishing the empowering rhetoric. The paper presents a research study conducted in Italy that focuses on the self-assessments made by online health communities (OHCs) users, subdivided in three categories, according to their level of online activity: Lurkers, occasionally active users and frequently active users. The concept of empowerment was operationalised in five issues: autonomy from doctors, involvement in medical decision-making, competence, self-management and acceptance. The results support the relationship between perceptions of empowerment and the higher level of activity played on OHCs, contributing instead to reject the idea of a generalised benefit. Moreover, the paper aims to enrich the theory of patient empowerment by adding a socio-material perspective. This helps broaden the understanding of the relationship between empowerment and ICTs by highlighting its underlying complex skein. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Empowerment, self-management, information and communication technologies, online health communities, socio-material perspective, chronic disease.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115797088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cause specific and trends of mortality in Nigeria: A six-year study of a tertiary hospital","authors":"C. Obiorah","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2019.1409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2019.1409","url":null,"abstract":"Mortality data necessary for proper healthcare planning, policy formulation, and implementation is hampered by a decline in hospital autopsy practice. Therefore, non-autopsy based death profile reviews provide a framework for the presentation and discussion of reliable mortality data. This study aims to present the general mortality profile of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria. This was a retrospective review of deaths recorded among patients admitted into various wards and emergency units of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between 1st January, 2012 and 31st December, 2017. Decedent causes of death were eluted from case notes and death certificates, and were systemically classified using the ICD10 disease coding scheme. SPSS version 23 and Minitab version 16 were used for data and trend analysis respectively. A total of 1902 mortalities were recorded in the following order: Diseases of the cardiovascular system - 566 (29.8%), infectious diseases - 360 (18.9%), external causes of morbidity and mortality - 271 (14.2%), malignant neoplasms - 221 (11.6%) and diseases of the endocrine system - 112 deaths (5.9%). Males constituted 989 (52.1%) while females constituted 913 (47.9%). The overall mean age was 46.64± 0.42, range was 1 month to 98 years. Children and adolescents aged 0-19 years recorded 123 (6.5%) deaths while adults aged 20-59 years recorded 1245 (65.5%) and the elderly, aged 60 years and above constituted 556 (28.1%). With due consideration to the possible forces of general population evolution, it was observed that although the trend was undulating, there was an overall increase in mortality over the years, with an upward skew. The study thus showed that diseases of the cardiovascular system have overtaken infectious diseases as the commonest causes of deaths in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, hence the channeling of appropriate health resources towards combating this epidemiological shift is advocated. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Mortality, cardiovascular, diseases, infectious, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125491646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arousal perception/misperception and total sleep time misperception in subjects with sleep disorders","authors":"Z. Khan, M. Bachan, Pahnwat Taweesdt, Manaswenne Rath, Dinesh Kumar, R. Siegel, S. Lund, J. Freeman","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1392","url":null,"abstract":"Limited studies have examined arousal perception in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or other sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors that affect patients’ arousal and total sleep time perception. This is a retrospective study of 210 subjects divided into 5 groups: Primary insomnia; upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS)/primary snoring; mild, moderate and severe OSA. Perceived arousals were compared to objectively defined arousals. The subjects’ age, body mass index (BMI), total sleep time (TST), perceived TST, sleep efficiency, stage shifts, rapid eye movement (REM) and delta time were compared. UARS/primary snoring group had significantly higher perceived arousal relative to arousal events and shorter total arousal duration than in primary insomnia and all OSA groups. There was a significant linear increase in total arousals and respiratory arousal as OSA severity increased. The number of perceived arousal events was negatively correlated with perception of TST. There was a trend for the insomnia group to have more perceived non-respiratory arousals compared with all OSA groups. Although subjects with UARS/primary snoring had the lowest total arousals, they perceived the highest arousals. The non-respiratory related arousals are probably perceived differently from respiratory arousal related perception. For the insomnia group to have more arousals not driven by respiratory events suggests that insomnia may be better defined as a disorder by being driven to arousals rather than apneas, who are aroused despite being driven towards sleep. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Arousal perception, arousal misperception, insomnia, primary snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome, sleep","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128837331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common ultramarathon trail running injuries and illnesses: A review (2007-2016)","authors":"Istvan Albertus Oosthuizen, Y. Paul, T. Ellapen, M. Barnard, Timothy Bongani Qumbu, Henriëtte Valery Hammill, G. Strydom","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1386","url":null,"abstract":"Regardless of the significant growth of ultra-marathon trail-running races over the last 40 years, epidemiological research is lacking. Presently, no review paper exists that integrates the empirical surveillances of ultra-marathon trail runners’ injuries and illnesses. The purpose of this work is to integrate the empirical findings of injuries and illness among trail runners during the period 2007-2016. An electronic database search was conducted using Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Ebscohost, Biomed, CINAHL, Embase and Sabinet according to PRIMSA guidelines. The search identified a high injury and illness prevalence among ultra-marathon trail runners. Unfortunately, the injury and illness definition adopted by the studies was heterogeneous, which makes quantifying literature challenging. It is recommended that a homogenous definition of ultra-marathon trail-running injury and illness be drafted. The most prevalent injuries were dermatological (foot blisters, subungual hematoma, chafing and lacerations) followed by musculoskeletal (plantar fascia, ankle, Achilles tendon, knee, lower back and thigh). Common medical illnesses include muscle damage, fatigue, cramps, and cardiorespiratory dysfunction. South Africa hosts a very busy trail-running calendar, but one epidemiological investigation has been conducted among its runners and none in its neighbouring African countries. It is recommended that more quantitative and qualitative investigations be undertaken. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Ultramarathon trail, musculoskeletal injury and illnesses, dermatological injuries of ultramarathon trail runners.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116977937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the trend and risk factors of under-five diarrhea morbidity and mortality in two selected communities in the West-Mamprusi District","authors":"Bashiru Mahama","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1388","url":null,"abstract":"Diarrhea episodes among children under five years with its devastating consequences have been a concern to stakeholders in child survival strategy programs. Mothers are key in the prevention of diarrhea among children since they are the care givers. The main aim of this paper is to assess the trend and risk factors of under-five diarrheal disease in the study areas. Descriptive research design was employed for the study. A snowball sampling method was used to select 60 respondents for these study (this include 30 respondents each from a study area) and 19 health professionals were also contacted for the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel and presented descriptively. The findings showed the causes of diarrhea as; contaminated food and poor food hygiene practices (96.7%), lack of personal hygiene (93.3%), poor sanitation (91.7%), and lack of maternal care (86.3%). Findings from expert’s survey showed that; lack of personal hygiene practices, poor food hygiene practices, contaminated food, and poor sanitation with each representing 100% respectively were some of the common determinants for the diarrheal morbidity and mortality. It is recommended that, the District Health Administration initiate health promotion and education programs to sensitize mothers’ on food hygiene practices. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Diarrhea episode, children under-five morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125701815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates and self-management strategies of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) among nursing students in a Nigerian teaching hospital","authors":"A. Bakare, A. Panti, M. Yunusa, A. Obembe","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2017.1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2017.1313","url":null,"abstract":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe premenstrual disorder characterized by distressing symptoms and significant impairments in personal, social and professional functioning. The study aimed to determine the magnitude of Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and PMDD among nursing students of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 135 consenting female nursing students (basic and post basic) at UDUTH, Sokoto State Nigeria was conducted. Participants were interviewed using Socio-demographic and reproductive questionnaire, and Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Questionnaire (PMSSQ). Diagnosis of PMS and PMDD were made using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 4th revised edition (DSM IV). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20th. Premenstrual syndrome affected 76.3% of the participants while 42.2% had PMDD. Among the participants, 9.6% suggested appropriate self-management strategy. The frequently reported symptoms of PMDD among the participants were reduced interest in school activities (54.9%), difficulty in concentration (57.0%), excessive sleep (47.8%), breast tenderness (54.5%) and interference with daily activities (41.5%). PMS and PMDD was prevalent among the nursing students. Majority lack appropriate self-treatment strategy. This strongly suggest the need to further educate the students on the implication of the disorder and the need to seek for expert management in severe cases. Self-management of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s) should be discouraged. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, nursing students.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124000638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of preoperative hypertension and its intraoperative anesthetic management among patients undergoing elective surgery at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Kurabachew Mengistu, Dereje Geleta Negera","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1390","url":null,"abstract":"Overall, twenty of the world’s adult populations live with hypertension. Blood pressure determination forms an integral part of anesthesiologist’s evaluation of the patient prior to and during surgery. 25% of surgical patients have hypertension preoperatively. There are several risks related to untreated preoperative hypertension in perioperative and postoperative phase. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of preoperative hypertension and its intraoperative anaesthesia management among patients undergoing elective surgery at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from March 20 to May 30, 2018. Institutional based cross-sectional study was employed. 423 patients that came for elective surgery at Hawassa University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital from March 20 to May 30, 2018 were included in the study. The findings of this study showed that out of 423 patients studied, 232 (54.8%) and 191 (45.2%) were males and females, respectively, with the highest percentage (36.6) in age group 20 to 29 years, 6.9% were hypertensive, 11 (37.9%) of the hypertensive patients had abdominal procedures, 6 (20.6%) orthopedic procedures, 5 (17.3%) gynecological procedures, 5 (17.3%) undergone other type of surgical procedures (like neurological, plastic) and 2 (6.9%) thyroidectomy and ENT procedures. Beta Blockers were the most commonly used type of preoperative premedication for hypertensive patients. Majority of patients have had their procedure with general anaesthesia. Half was induced by thiopental and followed by propofol. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Pre-operative, hypertension, anesthetic management, elective surgery.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127199798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of acute backache after spinal anesthesia in surgical procedures at Asella Teaching and Referal Hospital, Asella, Ethiopia","authors":"Ashebir Nigussie Yirgu, Ayele Bekele Weyessa","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2018.1381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2018.1381","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal anesthesia is one of the routinely anesthetic procedures done in practice. Post spinal backache is one of the complications causing discomfort in patients, leading to rejection of its use for next operations. The aim of this work is to assess the prevalence and factors associated with backache after spinal anesthesia from October to January at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Ethiopia, 2016. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. All patients who underwent spinal anesthesia at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital were included. They were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by two BSC anesthetists and supervised by one MSC anesthetist. Data were entered into SPSS version 20 program for analysis. Odd ratio and 95% confidence interval were computed. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify factors associated with post spinal backache. A total of 318 participants were included in our study. Findings from post-operative 1st, 2nd, 3rd days and 4th week showed 38.0, 29.9, 16.0 and 31.6% of the patients suffered backache respectively. Common factors associated with post spinal backache from multivariate logistic regression at postoperative 1st, 2nd, 3rd days and 4th week were history of previous backache and spinal anesthesia. Factors associated with post spinal backache from multivariate logistic regression at postoperative 4th week were needle size, 18 and 21 gauge needle size (AOR = 3.686, 95% CI: 0.398, 34.183 and AOR = 2.410, 95% CI: 0.430, 13.503). Our study confirmed that prevalence of post spinal backache at post-operative 1st , 2nd, 3rd days and 4th week data showed 38.0 ,29.9,16.0 and 31.6% of the patients respectively. We recommend use of lesser and less traumatic spinal needles, infiltration of injection site with local anesthetic and firm postoperative pain management. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Spinal anesthesia, postspinal back pain, risk factors.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115611502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystatin C protection of human umbilical vein endothelial cell against oxidative stress injury through activating autophagy","authors":"Fan Wenjing, Deng Wenyi, Tang Tingting, Zhu Yuning, Z. Chi, Jiang Zhisheng, Qu Shun-lin","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2018.1373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2018.1373","url":null,"abstract":"Cystatin C (CysC)-induced autophagy may play a beneficial role in preventing subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced cerebral vasospasm. The role of CysC in endothelial cells (ECs) autophagy is unknown. This study explores the role of CysC during the process of oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) was used to stimulate HUVECs in vitro study. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assayed. Western blot is used to detect the expression levels of LC3 and P62. The present study demonstrated that LDH release and MDA levels increased after oxLDL exposure, however, CysC and NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine) decreased LDH release and MDA levels induced by oxLDL. The difference was a statistically significant amount (P<0.05). Additionally, compared with oxLDL group, CysC increased LC3II expression and alleviated P62 expression in CysC+oxLDL group (P<0.05). The results of the present study suggested that CysC protects against oxidative stress injury through activating autophagy in HUVECs. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: oxLDL, oxidative stress, CysC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), autophagy.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"132 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121341253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}