International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences最新文献

Accessibility to and utilization of maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services by rural women: A case study of health centres in Mutare district based on the 3 delays model 农村妇女获得和利用孕产妇、新生儿和儿童保健服务:基于3个延迟模型的穆塔雷县保健中心案例研究

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.5897/ijmms2020.1440

P. N. Netsai, A. M. Greanious, M. Obadiah, F. Chikuse, Thabisisani Ndhlovu, Joy Mavondo, B. N. Mkhwanazi, C. Musarurwa, N. Cynthia

{"title":"Accessibility to and utilization of maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services by rural women: A case study of health centres in Mutare district based on the 3 delays model","authors":"P. N. Netsai, A. M. Greanious, M. Obadiah, F. Chikuse, Thabisisani Ndhlovu, Joy Mavondo, B. N. Mkhwanazi, C. Musarurwa, N. Cynthia","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2020.1440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2020.1440","url":null,"abstract":"(MNCH) services. Rural areas in Zimbabwe have had high prevalence of home deliveries and pregnancy related complications associated with lack of access to and utilization of MNCH services, resulting in high maternal, stillbirths, new-born, neonatal and infant mortality rates. Access to and utilisation of MNCH services and facilities by rural based pregnant women has been limited by several issues that have been explored and assessed in the Primary Health Care clinics. However, the 3 delays (seek, access and receive health service) effects on the factors affecting health care and outcomes remain largely unclear in rural settings. Qualitative and quantitative methods research was conducted in Mutare district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. Data collection tools including interviews questionnaires and focus group discussion guides were used to show how the three delays affected health service access in the district. GraphPad InStat Software and Statistical Package for Social Science were used for data analysis. Religious and cultural beliefs contributed to patient delays in seeking healthcare. With long distances and lack of transport attributed to Delays 1 and 2 with, drug unavailability, up-to date equipment and delay causing Delay 3. The patient, the provider and health systems were critical in accessibility, utilization and linkages of MNCH with other health services being crucial for achieving 4th and 5th Millennium Development Goals the targets.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125663097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacterial load reduction efficacy, acceptability and cost benefit of a locally produced Hand sanitizer in a tertiary Hospital in Uyo, Nigeria 尼日利亚尤约一家三级医院当地生产的洗手液减少细菌负荷的功效、可接受性和成本效益

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.5897/ijmms2021.1465

A. Ekuma, I. Oloyede, O. J. Akinjogunla, R. Akpan

{"title":"Bacterial load reduction efficacy, acceptability and cost benefit of a locally produced Hand sanitizer in a tertiary Hospital in Uyo, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ekuma, I. Oloyede, O. J. Akinjogunla, R. Akpan","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2021.1465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2021.1465","url":null,"abstract":"Local production of hand hygiene products result in increased availability and compliance with hand hygiene in healthcare settings and significant cost saving to hospitals if effective and acceptable. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness, acceptability, and cost benefit of a locally produced hand sanitizer to commercial hand sanitizer products. This was a comparative cross sectional study carried out among students of the Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo in July 2019. Three hand sanitizer products, one locally produced and two commercial hand sanitizer products were compared. Bacterial growth from swabs from the hands of sixty students collected before and after use of one of the three hand sanitizer products were compared to determine bacterial reduction. Participants also assessed the products by scoring the product on a questionnaire using a five-point scale. The cost per litre of hand sanitizer products was calculated and compared. The mean percentage reduction of bacterial colony-forming units (CFU) was highest for the locally produced hand sanitizer product. There was no significant difference between acceptability of products for the criteria assessed except colour for which the local product had higher acceptability score than other products. The locally produced hand sanitizer was much cheaper than the commercially products. The in-house produced hand sanitizer product provides higher bacterial reduction than commercial products, has good acceptability among users and provides significant cost savings to the hospital.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133132538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-vitro antioxidant potential of conventional herbal decoction aiding diabetes metabolomics 中药汤剂辅助糖尿病代谢组学的体外抗氧化潜力

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.5897/ijmms2021.1450

Ahmad Saara, Rafiq Hamna, Khan Asra, Merani Inara

{"title":"In-vitro antioxidant potential of conventional herbal decoction aiding diabetes metabolomics","authors":"Ahmad Saara, Rafiq Hamna, Khan Asra, Merani Inara","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2021.1450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2021.1450","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor of oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS triggers cell damage which enhances the risk of several diabetes associated disorders such as neuropathy. There are many treatment options but no cure, and the quest for the natural, cost-effective treatment regimen is ongoing. Therefore, the present study was conducted to observe the in-vitro antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities of the indigenous natural herbs Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Cinnamomum verum (daarcheeni), Piper nigrum (Black pepper), and Syzygium aromaticum (clove). Herbal decoctions were prepared and in-vitro biochemical analysis were done of the antioxidant potential of herbs by inhibition of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes with lowering of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Moreover, spectrophotometric percentage inhibition of acetylcholine-esterase (AChE) and butyrylcholine-esterase (BChE) enzymes by the herbs was also measured. It was observed that herbal decoctions possess strong antioxidant activities especially Z. officinale decoction with significant percentage inhibition of enzymes with lowering of DPPH and MDA levels. Hence, herbal decoctions with potential antioxidant scavenging activities can be used to ameliorate progression of DM and associated psychoneurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124414946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of recurrently diagnosed diseases dynamism at Korhogo General Hospital in Northern Cte dIvoire from 2014 to 2018. 2014年至2018年科特迪瓦北部科尔霍戈总医院反复诊断疾病动态评估

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5897/ijmms2021.1469

Dougba Noel Dago, Oléfongo Dagnogo, L. Tehoua, Wagniman Sekongo, N’Guessan Benedicte Sonia Koffi, Kouassi Joel Kouadio, Adjiman Florent Kimou, Ago Eliane Rebecca Eboule, Zagocky Euloge Guehi, K. H. Yangni-Angate

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕一家三级转诊医院的金黄色葡萄球菌抗微生物药敏模式

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS2021.1453

Christina Okello, L. Ombajo, E. Omonge, F. Otieno, Davies Otieno, C. Mwachari

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"Christina Okello, L. Ombajo, E. Omonge, F. Otieno, Davies Otieno, C. Mwachari","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2021.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2021.1453","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital and community acquired infections globally. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) prevalence has been reported to be high in various settings and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and risk of nosocomial outbreaks. Surveillance of prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns is important to ensure appropriate antibiotic prescription. The objective of our study was to establish the prevalence of S. aureus, to identify patterns of susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics and quantify contemporary penicillin resistance among S. aureus. A retrospective study was conducted at the Mater Hospital, Nairobi. The study involved a review of non-duplicate records of specimens analyzed between January 2014 and December 2018. An isolate was categorized as Penicillin susceptible (PSSA) if it was susceptible to Penicillin and Oxacillin, Methicillin susceptible (MSSA) if resistant to Penicillin but susceptible to Oxacillin and Methicillin resistant (MRSA) if resistant to Oxacillin and Penicillin. We present proportions of S. aureus that was PSSA, MSSA and MRSA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between the presence of S. aureus isolates and the source of the clinical specimen (inpatient vs. outpatient), age and gender. A total of 659 isolates of S. aureus were analyzed in 5-year period. PSSA was the most prevalent organism seen (60.85%) while MRSA was the least prevalent (0.61%). Most S. aureus were isolated in pus from wound swabs-644 (73. 3%). A significant increase in susceptibility of S. aureus to Penicillin and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was observed during the study period. This study demonstrated a high prevalence of Penicillin Sensitive S. aureus and a low prevalence of MRSA. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, antimicrobial, penicillin.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132300143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The chlorine dioxide controversy: A deadly poison or a cure for COVID-19? 二氧化氯之争:是致命的毒药还是治疗COVID-19的良药?

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS2021.1461

M. B. Liester

{"title":"The chlorine dioxide controversy: A deadly poison or a cure for COVID-19?","authors":"M. B. Liester","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2021.1461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2021.1461","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorine dioxide has been condemned as a dangerous poison and has been touted as a cure for COVID-19. This narrative review examines the controversy surrounding the use of aqueous chlorine dioxide by investigating evidence-based research articles, government documents, press reports, and the results of the first clinical trial utilizing chlorine dioxide as a treatment for COVID-19. Chlorine dioxide was found to be employed by numerous industries for antimicrobial and other uses. Aqueous chlorine dioxide was found to be safe when ingested in low doses, but when ingested in high doses, it can cause adverse hematologic and renal effects. Additionally, chlorine dioxide was found to be a strong and rapidly acting virucide with activity against a wide range of viruses. Results of the first clinical trial utilizing chlorine dioxide to treat COVID-19 are reviewed and this molecule is found to be a safe and effective treatment. A dispassionate review of the evidence-based research literature finds preliminary evidence supporting the opinion that aqueous chlorine dioxide may be a safe and effective treatment of COVID-19, and likely for other viral illnesses as well. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to explore potential uses of chlorine dioxide. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: SARS-CoV-2, virucide, biocide, antimicrobial, oxidant, disinfectant, bleach, food additive, sterilant.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127194677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Center: A cross-sectional and analytic study 加蓬国家输血中心献血者乙型肝炎病毒感染流行及危险因素:一项横断面分析研究

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS2021.1455

D. Maulot-Bangola, T. Nkoa, P. O. Rebienot, Christian Mangala, M. Moundanga, O. Boussougou, F. V. Codjo, J. Fokam

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Center: A cross-sectional and analytic study","authors":"D. Maulot-Bangola, T. Nkoa, P. O. Rebienot, Christian Mangala, M. Moundanga, O. Boussougou, F. V. Codjo, J. Fokam","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2021.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2021.1455","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent in Gabon and poses a potential risk of transmission by blood transfusion. However, few studies have examined epidemiological data regarding HBV infection of Gabonese blood donors. This article reports on research conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of HBV and associated risk factors in the urban population of Gabon. A cross-sectional and analytic study survey of blood donors attending at the Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Center, was carried out between June and August 2020. The ELISA technique (Evolis®, BioRad) and the chemiluminescence technique (Cobas® e601, Roche) had been used for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigens in the plasma of donors. Repeatedly reactive hepatitis B surface antigen levels among first-time and repeat donors were used to assess prevalence and risk factors using multivariable logistic regression. Results revealed that a total of 3665 donations were collected at the Gabonese National Blood Transfusion Center, of which 100 were con?rmed HBV positive. The seroprevalence of HBsAg among total blood donors was 5.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.4 - 6.7) indicating a moderate burden. In our multivariate analysis controlling for age, HBsAg positivity was associated with first-time donor status (aOR = 6.5) and residence outside of Libreville (aOR = 1). The prevalence of HBsAg among Gabonese blood donors is at a moderate-level endemicity among first-time donors, indicating the need to further limit the burden. In this Gabonese context, status of first-time blood donor and living in rural settings are primary risk factors of HBV-infection, and henceforth considered as exclusionary criteria for blood donation in Gabon. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Hepatitis B, prevalence, risk factors, blood donor","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114876396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Day case tonsillectomy: A 9 year experience in Delta State Nigeria 日例扁桃体切除术:尼日利亚三角洲州9年的经验

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS2020.1425

O. N. Emmanuel, Jasper O. Abiodun

{"title":"Day case tonsillectomy: A 9 year experience in Delta State Nigeria","authors":"O. N. Emmanuel, Jasper O. Abiodun","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2020.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2020.1425","url":null,"abstract":"Tonsillectomy has generally been regarded as an in-patient procedure. Presently though, due to rising costs and space constraints, it has increasingly became popular as a day case procedure world-wide. However, careful selection of patients is advised so as to avoid undue risks and possible resulting mortalities. To find out the suitability or otherwise of day case tonsillectomies in a resource poor country, taking note of possible complications arising from the surgeries and also pre-operative management modalities adopted to prevent these. Case notes of 52 Patients who underwent day case tonsillectomies and Adenotonsillectomies over a nine year period were reviewed. Indication for Surgery was recurrent tonsillitis for 11 (25.6) children and Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy for 32 (74.4%) children. The indication for surgery of all the adults was recurrent tonsillitis. Data extracted included age, sex, indication for surgery, procedure used for both Anesthesia and Surgery and complications arising from Surgery. 52 Patients met the criteria for day case surgeries. 43 (82.7) were Children and 9 (17.3%) were Adults. 49 patients (94.3) recovered well except 3 (5.7%) patients who had had complications and had to be admitted overnight afterwards. 1(1.9%) patient represented in the Hospital following earlier discharge for overnight admission. Day case Tonsillectomies/Adenotonsillectomies are relatively safe procedures especially when patients are carefully selected and pre-operative measures to encourage heamostasis instituted. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Day case, costs, tonsillectomies, complications, haemostasis.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115318449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of renal function tests, serum total protein, and lipid profile concentrations among pregnancy-induced hypertension attending women in Asrade Zewudie Memorable Hospital (ASZMPH), Gojjam, Ethiopia: Case-control study 埃塞俄比亚Gojjam Asrade Zewudie纪念医院(ASZMPH)妊娠高血压就诊妇女的肾功能检查、血清总蛋白和血脂浓度评估:病例对照研究

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ijmms2020.1431

H. Tewabe, Abebe Edoa, Mistire Wolde

{"title":"Assessment of renal function tests, serum total protein, and lipid profile concentrations among pregnancy-induced hypertension attending women in Asrade Zewudie Memorable Hospital (ASZMPH), Gojjam, Ethiopia: Case-control study","authors":"H. Tewabe, Abebe Edoa, Mistire Wolde","doi":"10.5897/ijmms2020.1431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijmms2020.1431","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy-induced hypertension has remained a significant cause of prenatal morbidity and mortality of mothers. So this study aims to assess renal function test, serum total protein, and lipid profile concentrations among pregnancy-induced hypertension women in Asrade Zewudie Memorable hospital (ASZMPH), Gojjam, Ethiopia. A case-control study was done on 200 pregnant women: 100 with pregnancy-induced hypertension (case group) and 100 normotensives (control group) at Asrade Zewudie Memorable Primary hospital Gojjam, Ethiopia from January 24, 2020 to April 30, 2020. 5 ml of venous blood was collected on the SST test tube and analyzed for serum lipid profile, renal function test, and serum total protein. The analysis was done by using SPPS software (version 20.0). The level significance was set at a 95% confidence interval (P-value less than 0.05 was considered clinically significant). In the present study, there was a significant increase in the serum TC, TGs, blood urea, serum creatinine, and LDL (p 0.05). The outcome of the final multiple logistic regression model indicate that factors like BMI, habits of doing scheduled exercise, habit of drinking alcohol, habit of fruit consumption, trimester and gravidity had significant association with lipid profile tests of the study participants. In the present study, the degree of association between different risk factors selected in multiple logistic regression and lipid profile tests was more significant in case group relative with control group. According to the result of this study, early detection of altered lipid profile and renal function test in preeclamptics showed the incidence of complications can be decreased, which in turn reduces the materno-fetal morbidity and mortality. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Lipid profile, serum total protein, renal function test, PIH, and Ethiopia","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133858344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demographic and clinical determinants of multi drug resistant tuberculosis among HIV infected patients in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚艾滋病毒感染者中多重耐药结核病的人口统计学和临床决定因素

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS2020.1415

J. Mgogwe, H. Semvua, Oliva S. Massay, B. Nyombi, J. Chilongola

{"title":"Demographic and clinical determinants of multi drug resistant tuberculosis among HIV infected patients in Tanzania","authors":"J. Mgogwe, H. Semvua, Oliva S. Massay, B. Nyombi, J. Chilongola","doi":"10.5897/IJMMS2020.1415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJMMS2020.1415","url":null,"abstract":"Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a public health challenge, which itself remains a global public health problem. Its impact is worsened by co-infection with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In order to institute successful TB control strategies, factors for development of MDR-TB must be understood. This study aimed to identify and describe clinical and demographic determinants for development of MDR-TB among TB patients. This was a cross sectional, hospital-based study conducted between April 2017 and December 2019 involving 428 presumptive MDR-TB patients. Specimens were subjected to GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, microscopy and Line probe assay for diagnosis of MDR-TB. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information from patients. The odds of having MDR-TB among patients who were cigarette smokers were four-times compared to non-smoking patients (aOR=3.94; 95%CI: 1.845-8.428, p<0.001). Alcohol abuse increased the chances of having MDR-TB by ten times (aOR=9.98: 95%CI; 2.414-41.267, p=0.001). Being HIV positive strongly increased the likelihood of having MDR-TB (aOR=2266.0: 95% CI; 407.5-2599.8, p<0.001). Compared to treatment failure, relapse and non-adherence were found to be strong predictors for MDR-TB (aOR=64.22: (95% CI; 12.786-322.507) p=0.001), and (aOR=37.44: (95% CI; 3.895-359.836, p=0.002), respectively. HIV infection, TB relapse, history of irregular treatment, cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, and treatment failure (return) is factors development of MDR-TB. Integrated TB/HIV control programs that will include the establishment of strong diagnostic and drug delivery systems, patient management, and TB resistance surveillance systems are recommended. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Tuberculosis, multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), HIV, M. tuberculosis, adherence; relapse.","PeriodicalId":430999,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131385995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2