Vaccine: X最新文献

{"title":"Mumps outbreak in Zimbabwe: The case for universal MMR vaccination in Africa","authors":"Phanuel Tawanda Gwinji , Grant Murewanhema , Enos Moyo , Tafadzwa Dzinamarira","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical and economic value of enhanced influenza vaccines for the elderly in Argentina","authors":"Analía Urueña ,&nbsp;Paula Micone ,&nbsp;Joaquín Mould-Quevedo ,&nbsp;Carolina Saenz ,&nbsp;Micaela Delgado ,&nbsp;José Luis Montes ,&nbsp;Norberto Giglio","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Enhanced influenza vaccines are the best option for the elderly. In 2021, Argentina introduced the MF59-adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV) for individuals aged 65 years. and above, in the national immunization program. High dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV) is also currently registered. This study evaluates the clinical and economic outcomes of these noted enhanced influenza vaccines for the elderly in Argentina.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a static decision-tree model and adopting the payer's perspective during an average influenza season, the analysis incorporated influenza epidemiological data from pre-pandemic Argentinian seasons (2014–2019), strain distribution, vaccination uptake, influenza-related costs and Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALYs) gained. Results include two relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) scenarios from two published meta-analyses, due to reported rVE variability, although without statistical significance expected between enhanced vaccines. Vaccination acquisition costs were obtained from aIIV manufacturer, while HD-IIV costs were estimated using local (Argentinian private sector) and international public sector data (Europe). This assessment considered one GDP per-capita (US$13,696) as a cost-effectiveness threshold and included multiple sensitivity analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With an expected lower vaccine cost and non-significant higher rVE for aIIV vs HD-IIV (3.2 %), aIIV generated 41.4 QALYs gained and US$8.7 M savings to the Argentinean public health system. In this scenario aIIV resulted as a dominant strategy over HD-IIV. On a second scenario, where HD-IIV has a non-significant higher rVE compared to aIIV (15.9 % and 13.9 % for HD-IIV and aIIV, respectively, both vs standard-dose IIV), HD-IIV would only result cost-effective compared to aIIV if its public price is up to 25 % the incremental cost in relation to the standard-dose IIV acquisition price.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Argentina, the use of enhanced influenza vaccines in the elderly can increase vaccine effectiveness, reduce mortality and disease-related costs. Based on comparable effectiveness, the economic advantage of aIIV over HD-IIV confirms the current vaccination strategy employing aIIV in Argentina.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among elderly: A systematic review","authors":"M.C. Law ,&nbsp;P.K.F. Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Objectives</h3><div>Elderly infected with COVID-19 has high mortality risk, and the protection from COVID-19 vaccine is limited by vaccine hesitancy. The information of vaccine hesitancy in elderly is incomplete and fragmented. In this study, we attempt to examine the level of vaccine hesitancy in elderly and the related factors in global perspectives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted to include observational studies of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in elderly from January 2020 to September 2021. Search strategies covering COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine hesitancy and elderly in four databases of PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE LIBRARY were adopted. Studies reporting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy prevalence in elderly were included. A meta-analysis of the vaccine hesitancy prevalence was performed. The primary outcome is the vaccine hesitancy prevalence in elderly population globally. The secondary outcomes are the factors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among elderly.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initial 479 articles were included for screening, with 54 studies included for meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in elderly and 6 studies included for qualitative analysis of factors for vaccine hesitancy. The overall prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 27.7 % (95 % C.I: 23.8–31.6 %). The prevalence was significantly higher in Asia than in Europe (35.3 % VS 17.9 %, p &lt; 0.05). The vaccine hesitancy was significantly higher before the launch of the vaccine than after (30.3 % VS 18.7 %, p &lt; 0.05). Important factors of vaccine hesitancy in elderly identified were low income, low education, perception of COVID-19 being more contagious, more vaccine side effects and lower vaccine efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is an important problem in elderly, with geographical variation. Tailored policy and strategies targeting the hesitancy factors were required to promote COVID-19 vaccine to elderly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost of the typhoid conjugate vaccine introduction through an integrated campaign and follow-on routine immunization in Malawi","authors":"Frédéric Debellut ,&nbsp;George Bello ,&nbsp;Mike Chisema ,&nbsp;Rouden Mkisi ,&nbsp;Moses Kamzati ,&nbsp;Clint Pecenka ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Mugisha","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malawi introduced typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in 2023 through an integrated campaign delivering TCV alongside other vaccines and interventions (measles rubella vaccine (MRV), bivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV), and vitamin A Supplementation). The campaign sought to reach all children 9 months to younger than 14 years, representing more than 9 million individuals, and about half the country’s population. Following the campaign, TCV was incorporated into the routine immunization program for 9-month-old infants. We conducted a micro-costing study at 50 randomly selected health facilities, 10 districts, and at national level to retrospectively assess the financial and economic cost of the integrated campaign, as well as prospectively estimate the cost of delivering TCV in the routine immunization system. The financial and economic costs per dose for all interventions delivered in the campaign were $0.49 ($0.42;$0.57) and $0.84 ($0.67;$1.02), respectively. The main activities and cost types varied; human resources represented the main resource at health facility level, and per diem at district and national levels. The financial and economic cost to routinely deliver a dose of TCV were $0.44 ($0.17;$0.87), and $2.37 ($1.39;$3.53), respectively, with human resources as the main resource used by the routine program at all levels.</div><div>The cost per dose delivered in the integrated campaign in Malawi was comparable with other integrated campaigns and was lower than the reported cost to deliver TCV in single antigen campaigns in India and Zimbabwe. Integrated campaigns may represent an opportunity to introduce new vaccines such as TCV to lower the cost per dose delivered. Attention should be given to challenges coming with integration, such as the burden for healthcare workers.</div><div>Evidence produced by this study can be used in Malawi to inform financial sustainability of the TCV program and should inform decisions and strategies for implementation by other countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination program among age-groups children, adults, and elderly in Europe: A systematic review","authors":"T. Untung,&nbsp;R. Pandey,&nbsp;P. Johansson","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To prepare for future epidemics, the experiences from the vaccination programs in the COVID-19 pandemic need to be collated. This systematic review synthesizes health economic evidence of COVID-19 vaccination programs in European countries comparing the target groups children, adults, and elderly, to study whether the Swedish vaccination strategy was justified on cost-effectiveness grounds.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A literature search using the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes, Study design) convention was conducted in the databases Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Tuft CEA Registry, Cochrane and INAHTA in February 2023. The inclusion criteria were economic evaluations (S) comparing COVID-19 vaccination (I) in age-groups children, adult, and elderly European residents (P) with non-vaccinated European residents (C) in terms of cost per QALY, cost differences, and net monetary benefit (O). Hand-search was done on selected websites and in reference lists of included reports. Title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and quality assessment with the Swedish HTA agency checklist were performed by two researchers. The reporting follows the PRISMA 2020 recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The database search resulted in 5,720 reports, title/abstract screening yielded 162 reports and after full-text screening, four reports remained. Two studies comparing vaccination of adults and elderly with high and moderate study quality were included. No study was found on the children population. The economic evidence indicated that COVID-19 vaccination of the elderly is cost-effective when compared with vaccination of the adult group, but the transferability to Swedish circumstances was inconclusive due to differences in outcome and cost data between Sweden and the included studies’ settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The common European COVID-19 vaccination policy that prioritized the elderly population was the cost-effective option in the reviewed studies. The lack of transferability to Sweden precludes a clear conclusion on the Swedish vaccination policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 vaccine or booster uptake and hesitancy for children aged 6 months–5 years in the United States: A national descriptive study using the household pulse survey between March and May 2023","authors":"Chulwoo Park,&nbsp;Pyramida Vagoyan Zabala","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that children aged 6 months–5 years (children under 5) receive multiple doses of COVID-19 vaccine, including updated (bivalent) COVID-19 vaccine. However, since the updated vaccines became available for children under 5, there has been limited knowledge regarding hesitancy toward the original vaccine or boosters in vaccinating children. To address this gap, this study utilized data from the Household Pulse Survey conducted from March 1, 2023 to May 8, 2023 (Phase 3.8). The purpose of the study was to examine the proportion of children under 5 who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine and to assess the likelihood of vaccination, categorized as willingness to vaccinate, moderate hesitancy, and strong hesitancy. Additionally, we identified sociodemographic factors that may influence the level of vaccine hesitancy for children. Overall, 24.5 % (95 % CI: 22.2–26.8) of children under 5 had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, with the highest percentage among non-Hispanic Asians (42.1 %, 95 % CI: 36.4–47.8). Respondents who had not received the vaccine showed a statistically significant decrease in their inclination to vaccinate children. There was a higher level of vaccine hesitancy among females compared to males regarding vaccinating children under 5. As household income and educational attainment decreased, there was an observed increase in the proportion of individuals showing strong vaccine hesitancy. Households without health insurance had significantly lower vaccine uptake and higher rates of strong vaccine hesitancy compared to those with health insurance. Parents, guardians, and healthcare providers play essential roles in vaccinating children under 5. Targeted interventions are needed to address vaccine hesitancy and promote the importance of booster doses in the vaccination of children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events following immunization with DTaP-IPV (Tetraxim) in school-aged children in Taiwan, 2017–2020","authors":"Yen-Hsin Kung ,&nbsp;Nan-Chang Chiu ,&nbsp;Hsin Chi ,&nbsp;Juan Camilo Vargas-Zambrano ,&nbsp;Fu-Yuan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccination has been an effective method to prevent and control diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio diseases in infancy and adults for years. To maintain the protective effect, a DTaP-IPV vaccine, Tetraxim, was introduced into Taiwan’s national immunization program for children at 5 years of age after primary series vaccination in infancy in October 2017 replacing a Tdap-IPV. To survey the safety of this vaccine, data between 01 October 2017 and 31 December 2020 from two surveillance systems, the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) and Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), were reviewed. We analysed patient’s demographics, symptoms, time of onset, and outcome. A total of 667,497 doses of DTaP-IPV vaccine were administered during the study period. We combined data from VAERS and VICP and deleted duplicate subjects and reports. There was a total of 59 subjects with AEs and the reporting rate of AEs was 8.8 subjects per 100,000 doses. The most common AEs were injection site erythema and swelling. AEs occurred with a median 1 day after vaccination (range 0–3 days). Among the 59 subjects, eight (13.6 %) with serious AEs were hospitalized. These serious AEs included injection site erythema, swelling or extensive limb swelling after vaccination and hospitalization might have been due to ELS that was misdiagnosed as cellulitis. The national passive surveillance data support the safety profile of Tetraxim as a school-entry booster in children at 5 years old in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between vaccination and persistent COVID-19-related symptoms among patients with mild Omicron infection: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Marciane Maria Rover ,&nbsp;Fernando Luis Scolari ,&nbsp;Geraldine Trott ,&nbsp;Mariana Motta Dias da Silva ,&nbsp;Denise de Souza ,&nbsp;Rosa da Rosa Minho dos Santos ,&nbsp;Raíne Fogliati De Carli Schardosim ,&nbsp;Emelyn de Souza Roldão ,&nbsp;Gabriel Pozza Estivalete ,&nbsp;Gabriela Soares Rech ,&nbsp;Duane Mocellin ,&nbsp;Jennifer Menna Barreto de Souza ,&nbsp;Aline Paula Miozzo ,&nbsp;Carolina Rothmann Itaqui ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Nunes da Silva ,&nbsp;Juliana de Mesquita Neto ,&nbsp;Hellen Jordan Martins Freitas ,&nbsp;Catherine Vitória Pereira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Alanys Santos da Silveira ,&nbsp;Carla Moura D’Ávila ,&nbsp;Regis Goulart Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While COVID-19 vaccination has been shown to reduce the risk of severe illness, its impact on the occurrence of persistent symptoms in patients with mild Omicron infection remains uncertain. Our objective was to investigate whether COVID-19 vaccination reduces the occurrence of persistent COVID-19-related symptoms 3 months after mild Omicron infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted in Brazil between January 2022 and June 2023 when Omicron was predominant. Participants ≥ 18 years seeking outpatient care for symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Complete vaccination included individuals who received the full primary series and any booster dose, while incomplete vaccination included those with incomplete primary series or no vaccination. The primary outcome was any persistent symptoms at 3 months. Secondary outcomes were organ system-specific persistent symptoms and the EQ-5D-3L utility score. All outcomes were assessed by means of structured telephone interviews 3 months after enrollment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1,067 patients were enrolled (median age, 39 years), of which 914 (871 completely vaccinated and 43 unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated). Among the vaccinated participants the median time since the last vaccine dose was 145 (interquartile range, 106–251) days. A total of 388/1067 (36.9 %) had a prior infection at the time of study entry<em>.</em> The occurrence of overall persistent COVID-19-related symptoms at 3 months was 41.6 % (n = 362) among completely vaccinated and 44.2 % (n = 19) among unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated patients (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.87; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.61–1.23; <em>p</em> = 0.43). Complete vaccination was associated with lower occurrence of mental health symptoms (aRR, 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.24–0.81; <em>p</em> = 0.01). No differences were found in the occurrence of persistent symptoms in other specific domains, nor in EQ-5D-3L utility scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study was not able to identify a statistically significant protection of complete COVID-19 vaccination against any overall persistent symptoms at 3 months. Nevertheless, complete vaccination was associated with a lower occurrence of persistent mental health symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lot quality assurance sampling for coverage evaluation of a new vaccine: A pilot study","authors":"Rhythm Hora ,&nbsp;Arindam Ray ,&nbsp;Imkongtemsu Longchar ,&nbsp;G.R. Rio ,&nbsp;Rashmi Mehra ,&nbsp;Seema Singh Koshal ,&nbsp;Amrita Kumari ,&nbsp;Syed F. Quadri ,&nbsp;Amanjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Arup Deb Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Worldwide, vaccine-preventable diseases have been a significant cause of mortality in the under-5 age group. To reduce the disease burden, new vaccines are being introduced in every country’s immunization programmes. For this to happen, high vaccination coverage is necessary. However, rapidly identifying the areas that fail to reach the expected coverage becomes cumbersome. During recent years, lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) has been widely used in evaluating immunization coverage across the globe. The present study aims to pilot this approach for field monitoring of a new vaccine against routine concurrent field monitoring in one of the North-Eastern states of India.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>For LQAS, a community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 55 children aged 0–23 months in all 5 Primary health centres (lots) of Medziphema block, Dimapur, Nagaland. The total sample size for LQAS was calculated based on α = 5, β = 90 using Lemeshow and Taber-LQAS table with a target level of immunization defined as 90 % and the lower limit set to 55 %. For the concurrent field monitoring, a sample of 30 children in the same age group was selected through random sampling. Pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire for the caregivers, scripted on a digital tool was employed with verification of immunization card and caregiver’s recall. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found a slight difference in the percentage of children age-appropriately vaccinated for PCV (as per the schedule) in concurrent field monitoring (93.3 %) and LQAS (90.9 %). However, no statistically significant difference was found in comparing the immunization coverage using both methodologies (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study findings encourage that LQAS can be considered for monitoring the immunization coverage of a newly introduced vaccine. It offers the added advantage of identifying poor/low-performing pockets that require focused attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust in the science behind COVID-19 vaccines as a driver of vaccine acceptance in the United States, 2021–2023","authors":"Trenton M. White ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Wyka ,&nbsp;Kenneth Rabin ,&nbsp;Ayman El-Mohandes","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate changes in public trust in the science behind COVID-19 vaccines in the United States (US) from 2021 to 2023, and to assess how loss of a family member or close friend to COVID-19, influences this trust and vaccine acceptance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using stratified random sampling for key demographic variables, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, region, and education level, the study analyzes data from a series of cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2021, 2022 and 2023. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their levels of trust in science and vaccine acceptance. Weighted logistic regression models were applied to assess the relationships between trust in science, vaccine acceptance, and socio-demographic factors. These models controlled for potential confounding variables and allowed for the estimation of adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), highlighting the key predictors of vaccine acceptance and willingness to receive future recommended boosters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicate that trust in science remained relatively stable over the study period and continued to be a strong predictor of vaccine acceptance, which was higher among male respondents, those with university degrees, and those with higher than median income. Notably, the experience of personal loss was significantly related to an individual’s trust in science and vaccine acceptance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Trust in the science behind COVID-19 vaccines appears to have been a crucial factor in US vaccine acceptance, with respondents who expressed higher trust being significantly more likely to accept the vaccine and express willingness to take future boosters. To maintain and enhance public trust in vaccination programs, trust in health communication from public sources, particularly the CDC, must be strengthened, as trust in the CDC was also found to be significantly correlated with both vaccine acceptance and future booster uptake. Personal experiences of loss due to COVID-19 were important predictors of trust in science and vaccine acceptance, highlighting the need for public health communications to be sensitive to the emotional impact of loss and grief along with the diverse socio-economic and educational backgrounds of the US population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}