Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis antibodies in Libyan pregnant women at the time of delivery

IF 2.2 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100695

Suleiman Abusrewil , Mostafa Gawass , Inas Alhudiri , Marwan Sherif , Fawzi Ebrahim , Ali Amgadmi , Yosra Lamami , Salah Tabal , Musa O. Busarira , Hussain Asherkaci , Lubna Almaghur , Samira Al Dwigen , Mohamed Milad , Fatma Faraj Alhoty , Fatimah Abouthiheer , Zaynab Algharyani , Mirfat Albasheer , Hana Elghoul , Shaima Abuzaid , Khoulod Tawel , Adam Elzagheid

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Low levels of maternal antibodies make infants more susceptible to pertussis infection before they are eligible for vaccination at 2 months of age. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies against Bordetella pertussis in Libyan pregnant women at the time of delivery.

Methods

In this observational cross-sectional clinic-based study, 840 pregnant women were enrolled at five tertiary hospitals in three major cities in Libya from March 2023 to February 2024. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. At the time of delivery, venous blood was extracted from participants, and the samples were analyzed for serum levels of anti-B.pertussis toxin antibodies (IgG and IgA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were positive if the antibody level was ≥100 IU/mL for IgG or ≥ 12 IU/mL for IgA.

Results

Mean age of pregnant women was 31.1 ± 6.2 years old. All participants had received four doses of whole cell pertussis vaccine as part of the expanded Libyan national immunization program during their childhood. In this study, 827 (98.5 %) participants had IgG and IgA antibodies to B.pertussis toxin below the cut-off level of the assay. Only 13 (1.5 %) participants had recent infections (Two were positive for IgG, nine were positive for IgA antibodies and two were positive for both antibodies).

Conclusions

In this study, most pregnant women in Libya were seronegative for B. pertussis antibodies. This makes their young infants more vulnerable to pertussis infection at this critical age. These findings support the need to introduce maternal Tdap vaccination as an important preventive strategy to reduce the burden of neonatal and younger infants' pertussis infections in Libya. National immunization programs should prioritize maternal vaccination, booster doses, and enhanced surveillance to protect the most vulnerable groups.

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利比亚孕妇分娩时百日咳博德泰拉抗体的血清流行率

背景百日咳是一种高度传染性的呼吸道疾病。低水平的母体抗体使婴儿在2个月大时有资格接种疫苗之前更容易受到百日咳感染。本研究旨在调查利比亚孕妇在分娩时抗百日咳博德泰拉抗体的血清阳性率。方法在这项以临床为基础的观察性横断面研究中，从2023年3月至2024年2月，在利比亚三个主要城市的五家三级医院招募了840名孕妇。所有参与研究的受试者都获得了知情同意。在分娩时，从参与者身上提取静脉血，并分析样本的血清抗b水平。ELISA法检测百日咳毒素抗体（IgG和IgA）。IgG抗体≥100 IU/mL或IgA抗体≥12 IU/mL为阳性。结果孕妇平均年龄为31.1±6.2岁。作为扩大的利比亚国家免疫规划的一部分，所有参与者在童年时期都接种了四剂全细胞百日咳疫苗。在这项研究中，827名（98.5%）参与者的百日咳毒素IgG和IgA抗体低于检测的截止水平。只有13名（1.5%）参与者最近有感染（2名IgG抗体阳性，9名IgA抗体阳性，2名两种抗体均阳性）。结论在本研究中，利比亚大多数孕妇血清百日咳抗体阴性。这使得他们的婴儿在这个关键年龄更容易受到百日咳感染。这些发现支持有必要将产妇百日咳疫苗接种作为一项重要的预防战略，以减轻利比亚新生儿和年幼婴儿百日咳感染的负担。国家免疫规划应优先考虑孕产妇疫苗接种、加强剂量和加强监测，以保护最脆弱群体。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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