Vaccine: X最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to Association between vaccination and persistent COVID-19-related symptoms among patients with mild Omicron infection: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Marciane Maria Rover , Fernando Luis Scolari , Geraldine Trott , Mariana Motta Dias da Silva , Denise de Souza , Rosa Da Rosa Minho Dos Santos , Raíne Fogliati De Carli Schardosim , Emelyn de Souza Roldão , Gabriel Pozza Estivalete , Gabriela Soares Rech , Duane Mocellin , Jennifer Menna Barreto de Souza , Aline Paula Miozzo , Carolina Rothmann Itaqui , Gabrielle Nunes da Silva , Juliana de Mesquita Neto , Hellen Jordan Martins Freitas , Catherine Vitória Pereira Dos Santos , Alanys Santos da Silveira , Carla Moura D'Ávila , Regis Goulart Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A discrete choice experiment on Chinese parents' preferences of vaccine schedules against six childhood infectious diseases","authors":"Aodi Huang ,&nbsp;Lin Tang ,&nbsp;Lifang Huang ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiajie Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Bingling Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Xia Xu ,&nbsp;Zemei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wang ,&nbsp;Qianqian Liu ,&nbsp;Siyu Liu ,&nbsp;Zundong Yin ,&nbsp;Fuzhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>China's Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) provides vaccinations against 12 vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) at no cost to families. For some VPDs, parents may opt to substitute equivalent non-program vaccines, including combination vaccines, for EPI vaccines; substitute vaccines must be paid for by the family. Although parents have several choices for vaccinating their children, their preferences for vaccines and immunization schedules have not been systematically evaluated. We used a discrete choice experiment to evaluate four attributes of vaccines for routine immunization: number of injections, risk of mild side-effects, out-of-pocket cost, and location of manufacturer (domestic or imported).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a questionnaire-based survey conducted in vaccination clinics, guardians were asked to select their preferred vaccination schedule from five options in ten choice sets with the four attributes. We used a mixed logit model to determine parental preferences for vaccination schedules, relative importance of attributes, and predict the likelihood of successful vaccination under different scenarios.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 581 parents from seven provinces and cities in China participated in the survey, and 488 respondents had internally consistent responses and were included in the analysis. The number of injections in the schedule was the most important attribute for predicting uptake, followed by risk of mild side-effects. Preferences varied by region and parental role. Predicted uptake in the preferred vaccination scenario relative to base-case schedule uptake was a 99.55 % increase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Number of injections and risk of mild side-effects were the two most important attributes of the routine immunization schedule. Results from this study can help optimize the immunization schedule in China to improve coverage of childhood vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of educational interventions for community pharmacists on promoting human papillomavirus vaccination: A randomized double-blind parallel group comparison trial","authors":"Nobuyuki Wakui ,&nbsp;Mai Watanabe ,&nbsp;Aika Okami ,&nbsp;Hinako Kagi ,&nbsp;Shoko Kawakubo ,&nbsp;Yuna Hirota ,&nbsp;Yui Onoda ,&nbsp;Tomofumi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Shirozu ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Machida ,&nbsp;Mayumi Kikuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2025.100607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Owing to persistent concerns about side effects, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in Japan have remained low. Pharmacists are therefore encouraged to improve vaccination rates by providing accurate information. This study evaluated the impact of educational interventions on pharmacists' knowledge and willingness to recommend the HPV vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized double-blind trial assigned community pharmacists to an intervention or control group. The intervention group watched a video about the HPV vaccine and cervical cancer, whereas the control group watched a video about lung cancer. Assessments regarding knowledge and willingness to recommend the vaccine were conducted after obtaining consent (pre-test), immediately post-intervention (post-test 1), and 28 days post-intervention (post-test 2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study randomly assigned 124 participants. A significant difference in the change in motivation to recommend HPV vaccination at 28 days post-intervention (post-test 2) was observed between the two groups (<em>p</em> = 0.02). A significant difference in the change in motivation was also found between the two groups immediately post-intervention (post-test 1) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Knowledge about the HPV vaccine and confidence in explaining it showed significant differences at both post-test 1 and post-test 2 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 for both).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Educational intervention significantly improved knowledge and willingness to recommend the HPV vaccine. This finding suggests that enhancing knowledge also boosts the willingness to recommend the vaccine, highlighting the potential long-term effects of educational interventions. Furthermore, our results underscore the crucial role pharmacists play in providing accurate information to the community.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Utilizing pharmacists to disseminate vaccine information is effective given their familiarity with and accessibility to community residents. Policymakers should therefore leverage pharmacists to promote vaccine recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>UMIN Clinical Trials Registry Number: UMIN000050192. Registered Feb 23, 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of information awareness on attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination intentions in Japan","authors":"Takayuki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Kinoshita ,&nbsp;Daisuke Shigemi ,&nbsp;Yousuke Imanishi ,&nbsp;Masahiko Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Megumi Ichimiya ,&nbsp;Makiko Mitsunami ,&nbsp;Mihyon Song ,&nbsp;Kanako Inaba","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate among Japanese high school girls remains critically low, reflecting ongoing public apprehension and misinformation. This study explores the relationship between information presentation and attitudes toward HPV vaccination in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a web-based survey of female high school students aged 15 to 16 and mothers of daughters of similar age across Japan. The first screening questionnaire investigated the vaccine uptake among eligible students. The detailed questions assessing awareness of HPV vaccination information, including vaccine eligibility and its cost, effectiveness, lifetime prevalence of HPV infection, and vaccine safety, were asked to the respondents. After presenting each piece of information, we investigated how the information influenced the vaccination attitudes of unvaccinated students and mothers of unvaccinated girls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data collection occurred from August 20 to August 24, 2021. Of 473 students, 68 (14.4 %) had already been vaccinated before the study. Over half of the 245 participating students were aware of vaccine eligibility and cost (68.7 %) and effectiveness (63.6 %), but fewer understood lifetime prevalence (28.7 %) and safety (45.3 %). In contrast, awareness of the same questions in 245 mothers was higher than that in the students: 90.2 %, 92.5 %, 55.4 %, and 61.1 %, respectively. Among unvaccinated students and mothers of unvaccinated girls, the intention to get vaccinated increased the most after being informed about the lifetime risks of HPV infection; 50.5 % of students and 38.8 % of mothers showed a positive attitude toward the HPV vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bridging the awareness gap between students and mothers is crucial for improving HPV vaccination rates. The findings underscore the potential of specific, targeted information to influence vaccination intentions, particularly regarding the HPV infection rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociopolitical antecedents influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Pima County, Arizona","authors":"Sam Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Kailey Haider ,&nbsp;Famesh Patel ,&nbsp;Grace Thatigiri ,&nbsp;Benjamin Pope ,&nbsp;Jasen Albana ,&nbsp;Sohail R. Daulat ,&nbsp;Purnima Madhivanan ,&nbsp;Karl Krupp","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vaccine hesitancy among marginalized populations particularly in the Hispanic community over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic has presented as a public health issue. This study examined the relationship between political affiliation and vaccination decisions of Hispanic adults in Pima County, Arizona.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between January and October 2022, 623 participants completed surveys in English or Spanish after completing informed consent process. Information collected included sociodemographic, political affiliation and philosophy and COVID vaccination uptake. Participants were recruited at different community events in Southern Tucson, Pima County, Arizona. Participants received five dollars for completing the surveys. Data were analyzed with Stata version 16.1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants were 81.8 % Hispanic and 18.2 % non-Hispanic. On average, participants were 32.9 (SD ± 11.8) years of age with a median age of 31 (IQR: 23, 41). Participants who had a bachelor's degree or above had 2.9 times greater odds of being vaccinated compared to those who had less than a high school education (Adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.84; 95 % CI: 1.12, 7.22). Individuals identifying as politically liberal had 3.28 times higher odds of being vaccinated compared to those identifying as conservative (OR = 3.28; 95 % CI: 1.5, 7.16). Similarly, Democrats had 3.36 times higher odds of being vaccinated than Republicans (OR = 3.36; 95 % CI: 1.61, 7.01). People who were strongly religious had statistically significantly lower odds of recommending the vaccine to others as compared to those who self-reported as not being religious.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There was an association with Hispanic adults who aligned liberal or Democrat to express more favorable views toward vaccinations. Additionally, individuals who were more educated, less religious, and in better financial situations tended to be more favorable toward vaccinations in Arizona.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV vaccine hesitancy among parents and caregivers of adolescents in Northern Nigeria","authors":"Korede K. Yusuf ,&nbsp;Comfort Z. Olorunsaiye ,&nbsp;Muktar A. Gadanya ,&nbsp;Samira Ouedraogo ,&nbsp;Aisha A. Abdullahi ,&nbsp;Hamisu M. Salihu","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The recent introduction of the HPV vaccine into Nigeria's routine immunization schedule has brought parental vaccine hesitancy to the forefront. This cross-sectional study, conducted in Kano State, a region with historically low immunization rates, is crucial in assessing the level of parental hesitancy and uncovering its determinants, potentially informing future public health policies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The participants were a representative sample of parents or caregivers of children aged 9–14 years (<em>n</em> = 1071) in Kano State and were selected via a multi-stage sampling method. We administered structured questionnaires anchored in the Socio-ecological Model and the Precaution Adoption Process Model. We utilized validated measures to assess intent to vaccinate against HPV and potential key indicators of intent to vaccinate adolescent boys and girls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of parental HPV vaccine hesitancy.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>If the HPV vaccine were free or subsidized, about one-third [32.7 %] of parents would choose not to vaccinate their children against the virus. Only 4.2 % had ever heard of HPV, and a mere 5.1 % had heard of the cervical cancer vaccine or HPV vaccine. Compared to those who were aware of the virus, those who had never heard of HPV had higher adjusted odds of vaccine hesitancy [OR: 2.86, 95 %CI: 1.28–6.40]. Some of the top reasons for parental hesitancy were their concerns about the safety of the vaccine and the lack of doctors' recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study revealed that parental hesitancy is a significant barrier to HPV uptake in Kano State. There is an urgent need for a multi-faceted HPV knowledge enhancement approach focusing on elevating parental awareness about the HPV vaccine and, particularly, its relationship to cervical cancer prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental motivations and perceived barriers to participating in pediatric vaccine clinical trials: Findings from the OCV-S trial in Nepal","authors":"Ram Hari Chapagain ,&nbsp;Santosh Adhikari ,&nbsp;Kshitij Kunwar ,&nbsp;Prabhat Thapa ,&nbsp;Jessica Maharjan ,&nbsp;Bishnu Rath Giri ,&nbsp;Nisha Jyoti Shrestha ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar Shrestha ,&nbsp;Sanjeet Kumar Shrestha ,&nbsp;Suresh Man Tamang ,&nbsp;Deok Ryun Kim ,&nbsp;Tarun Saluja ,&nbsp;Anh Wartel ,&nbsp;Julia Lynch ,&nbsp;Katerina Rok Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100585","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Pediatric vaccine clinical trials are crucial for evaluating and ensuring the safety and efficacy of new vaccines for children. However, in low-resource settings like Nepal, where clinical trials are relatively new, recruitment and retention of participants are challenging particularly due to diverse parental backgrounds, motivations and concerns. As such, parental motivations, perceived barriers, and experiences of participating in pediatric vaccine trial in Nepal, which hasn’t previously been explored, needs to be understood.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We performed face-to-face exit interviews from April 6, 2022 to June 7, 2022, with parents whose children participated in the phase III clinical trial of the Oral Cholera Vaccine − Simplified (OCV-S) using a structured questionnaire on motivations for enrolling and barriers faced during the trial. Data were initially cleaned and encoded in Microsoft Excel before being analyzed with R version 4.3.1. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographic and other participants’ characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analyses, using odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals, applying a significance level of 0.05 was used to analyze relationship between participant characteristics and trial experiences. Additionally, thematic analysis was performed on responses to open-ended questions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 258 parents responded, out of which 252 (97.7 %) were first-time clinical trial participants with median age of 32 years. A majority, 196 (76.0 %), had a positive initial attitude towards the trial, and 204 (79.1 %) reported a positive overall experience. The primary motivations for participation included the potential health benefits for their children (56.2 %, n = 145). Despite 69 (26.7 %) participants receiving discouraging information from others, only 4 (5.8 %) were influenced by it. Most participants (n = 219, 84.9 %), felt that the trial had met their expectations. Challenges faced included loss of time (n = 30, 11.6 %) and missed school for children (n = 22, 8.5 %). Nonetheless, 179 participants (69.4 %) expressed a willingness to enroll their children in future trials. Participants who received specific details about the study before visiting the study site were significantly more likely to report positive experience, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.97 (95 % CI: 1.03 – 3.72).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Majority of parents were supportive of their children’s participation in the OCV-S trial, motivated largely by anticipated health benefits for their child. Key barriers identified included logistical issues, costs (both financial and opportunity costs), misinformation, and concerns about trial procedures and potential side effects. Focus on reducing logistical and participation-related burdens, catering of trial-specific information, enhancing the clarity of the informed consent process","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicities of vaccines including the immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus suis, rIdeSsuis, and protective efficacy against serotype 14 in piglets","authors":"L. Mayer ,&nbsp;C. Liedel ,&nbsp;K. Klose ,&nbsp;A. de Greeff ,&nbsp;K. Rieckmann ,&nbsp;C.G. Baums","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus suis</em> (<em>S. suis</em>) is a major porcine pathogen. Some strains have a substantial zoonotic potential such as serotype (<em>cps</em>) 14 as the second most important <em>cps</em> in human infections. To this date no licensed <em>S. suis</em> vaccine is available in Europe though subunit vaccines and bacterins have been examined by several scientific groups worldwide. Objectives of this study were to determine protective efficacy of rIde_{<em>Ssuis</em>} vaccination against intranasal <em>S. suis cps</em>14 challenge in conventional weaned piglets and to investigate additionally immunogenicity of rIde_{<em>Ssuis</em>} vaccination in cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived (CDCD) piglets. Immunization led to reduction of bacterial multiplicity in porcine blood and delayed onset of clinical signs of <em>cps</em>14 disease in conventional rIde_{<em>Ssuis</em>}-vaccinated piglets. However, significant differences were not recorded which might be related to comparable low anti-Ide_{<em>Ssuis</em>} antibody levels and insufficient neutralization of IgM protease activity in this animal experiment. In contrast, immunization of cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived piglets with rIde_{<em>Ssuis</em>} resulted in high α-rIde_{<em>Ssuis</em>} IgG antibody levels and a highly significant reduction of the survival factor of the <em>cps</em>14 challenge strain in porcine blood <em>in vitro</em>. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate bactericidal immunity against <em>S. suis cps</em>14 by Ide_{<em>Ssuis</em>} specific immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of quality of health campaign information for outcome evaluation. A case study from Guinea-Bissau and Bangladesh","authors":"Sebastian Nielsen ,&nbsp;Sören Möller ,&nbsp;Christine Stabell Benn ,&nbsp;Peter Aaby","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Numerous national health intervention campaigns, e.g. supplementary immunization campaigns/activities (SIAs), have been conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in the last decades. These campaigns are rarely evaluated for overall health outcomes. Information on campaigns is critical for evaluations. We investigated; 1) quality of campaign information sources and 2) implication of quality for outcome evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We focused on three campaign types: oral polio vaccine (OPV), vitamin A supplementation (VAS) and measles vaccine (MV) campaigns in two case countries, for which “gold standard” information on campaigns collected regularly at Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) sites: Guinea-Bissau and Bangladesh. We compared the campaign information from HDSS with information from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Rotary Foundation (Rotary, only OPV campaigns). First, campaigns were matched and compared based on intervention type, date of campaign and target age group. Second, we assessed the implications of using various sources of campaign information on the estimated effect of OPV campaigns on all-cause under-3-year mortality in Cox proportional hazards regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of matched OPV campaigns was highest between HDSS and Rotary. VAS campaigns (only information from HDSS and WHO) matched poorly. The estimated effect of OPV campaigns information on child mortality in Bangladesh went from being statistically significant (HR = 0.69 (0.52–0.90)) using HDSS campaign information to not being significant (HR = 0.93 (0.71–1.21) using WHO campaign information.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared with the HDSS, Rotary had the best campaign information on the conduct of OPV campaigns, whereas the WHO quality of campaign information was low for both OPV and VAS. A low quality of campaign information may alter conclusions of health outcome evaluations. Reliable and precise information on campaigns is essential to assess their effects. Public and private campaign stakeholders should track campaign information meticulously and support that publicly data is available for researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mumps outbreak in Zimbabwe: The case for universal MMR vaccination in Africa","authors":"Phanuel Tawanda Gwinji ,&nbsp;Grant Murewanhema ,&nbsp;Enos Moyo ,&nbsp;Tafadzwa Dzinamarira","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}