Sensors and Actuators Reports最新文献

{"title":"A novel in-house built printed circuit board-ceria based electrochemical device for rapid detection of Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), a hypertension biomarker","authors":"Riyanto Setiyono ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ihda H.L. Zein ,&nbsp;Pamungkas Daud ,&nbsp;Anni Anggraeni ,&nbsp;Yeni Wahyuni Hartati ,&nbsp;Husein Hernandi Bahti","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) is a protein that plays a role in the cellular intake of salt and is known as one of the biomarkers for hypertension in the human body. Higher concentrations of sodium lead to increased activity of the ENaC protein in sodium absorption. In this study, a self-made immunosensor was developed using a homemade Printed Circuit Board-Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (PCB-SPCE) modified with cerium oxide. Anti-ENaC was immobilized on the surface of PCB-SPCE/ceria at pH 7.4, relying on the interaction between carboxyl groups of anti-ENaC and cerium oxide to detect the ENaC protein. Additionally, a portable in-house potentiostat named “UnpadStat” was developed for integration with the immunosensor. UnpadStat features a 5-in. touch screen display to showcase measurement data. Cyclic voltammetry measurements using the redox system of K₃[Fe(CN)₆] were applied to bare PCB-SPCE, PCB-SPCE/Ceria, PCB-SPCE/Ceria/Anti-ENaC, and PCB-SPCE/Ceria/Anti-ENaC/ENaC. Measurement results indicated an increase in current after modification with cerium, reaching 73.805 µA compared to unmodified (63.256 µA). After anti-ENaC immobilization, there was a decrease in current to 64.456 µA, and upon binding with the ENaC protein, a further decrease in current occurred, corresponding to the concentration of the ENaC protein. The detection limit obtained in this study was 0.133 ng/mL, and the quantification limit was 0.444 ng/mL for the concentration range of ENaC protein from 0.375 ng/mL to 6.0 ng/mL. The integration of the PCB-based immunosensor and UnpadStat can be utilized to determine the levels of ENaC protein in non-hypertensive urine samples and hypertensive patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266605392400016X/pdfft?md5=9430a59bf2ed910565099fc08e430d04&pid=1-s2.0-S266605392400016X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of surface acoustic wave-based hydrogen sensor","authors":"Baile Cui ,&nbsp;Zixuan Ren ,&nbsp;Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Lina Cheng ,&nbsp;Xu Gao ,&nbsp;Lintaihui Huang ,&nbsp;Anyu Hu ,&nbsp;Fanbing Hu ,&nbsp;Jing Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen (H₂) sensors with excellent performance play an important role in the safety application of H₂ energy. Among current H₂ detection technologies, surface acoustic wave (SAW) based H₂ sensors attract more attention due to their features of high sensitivity, fast response, mico-nano scale and excellent stability, which was composed of a SAW sensing chip and sensing materials depositing along the acoustic wave propagation path, and utilizing the coupling mechanism of force-acoustic-electric multiple physical fields. Here we review the SAW H₂ sensor, focusing on the H₂ sensing materials, SAW sensing mechanisms, sensing devices, sensing circuits, and development status. And prospects were made for its development trends and challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000134/pdfft?md5=45792f0c59ade34fa6dd61cdf35f8dd0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000134-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rigid microfluidic chip for high-throughput fluorescence-activated cell sorting","authors":"Zhen Cheng,&nbsp;Xiao Zhou,&nbsp;Miao Gu,&nbsp;Juntao Deng,&nbsp;Mingyu Dong,&nbsp;Min Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) holds great promise for the separation of single cells or cell populations according to specific light scattering and fluorescent characteristics. Here, we present a new perspective on microfluidic FACS (μFACS) with predictable geometry, which meets the requirements of high-throughput analysis and sorting. Instead of the widely applied elastic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a rigid epoxy resin chip was rapidly fabricated and irreversibly encapsulated to eliminate channel deformation (tenfold reduction) and enhance performance while meeting high pressure (&gt;600 kPa) and high flow rate application scenarios. Fluorescence discrimination and particle differentiation were additionally validated in a self-contained μFACS system using calibration microspheres and mammalian cells. The μFACS chip and system were integrally optimized to achieve a minimum interval (0.58 ms) with a mean flow rate of 1.5 m/s. Ultimately, event recording and automated sorting were accomplished in real time while achieving a sorting efficiency of 87% at cell throughput of 8,000 events/s. This rigid chip for high-throughput μFACS, which is independent of the physical properties of cells could pave the way for cell screening in plasma samples for personalized medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000122/pdfft?md5=5fc8dec82dd580ca0c44bf1be27e0848&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000122-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a labeled-free and labeled electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of cancer antigen 125 by using magnetic g-C3N4/MoS2 nanocomposite","authors":"Amin Foroozandeh ,&nbsp;Hossein SalarAmoli ,&nbsp;Majid Abdouss ,&nbsp;Mehrab Pourmadadi","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efficient and timely detection of cancer biomarkers is pivotal for enhancing treatment outcomes and mitigating patient mortality. This study addresses the pressing need for a swift, accurate, and non-invasive method to identify cancer antigen 125 (CA125), a vital biomarker in ovarian cancer. Leveraging the growing prominence of nano-biosensors for their high selectivity and sensitivity, we present the development and characterization of an innovative electrochemical nano-biosensor. The sensor, featuring aptamer strands immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphitic carbon nitrides, molybdenum disulfide, and magnetic nanoparticles (g-C₃N₄/MoS₂/Fe₃O₄), demonstrates superior sensitivity and accuracy in CA125 detection. Utilizing methylene blue for electrochemical detection of labeled CA125 and ferrocyanide for label-free detection, our aptasensor achieves a low limit of detection (LOD) at 0.202 U.mL⁻¹ and 0.215 U.mL⁻¹, respectively, with a broad detection range from 2 to 10 U.mL⁻¹. The modified electrode exhibits a pronounced affinity for CA125, demonstrating enhanced stability compared to other biomolecules. Crucially, the evaluation of both patient and normal serum samples underscores the aptasensor's remarkable performance. These findings not only establish a robust foundation for future research in ovarian cancer diagnosis but also highlight the potential clinical impact of our electrochemical nano-biosensor in advancing early cancer detection methodologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000110/pdfft?md5=b1da31e2a8cde13578c19ba409f06df7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000110-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric-assisted eMIP-modified screen-printed sensor for robust herbicide MCPA determination","authors":"Camilla Zanoni ,&nbsp;Raffaela Biesuz ,&nbsp;Lisa Rita Magnaghi ,&nbsp;Giancarla Alberti","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper describes the development and application of a screen-printed electrode cell with a graphite-ink working electrode modified by a molecularly imprinted electropolymerized polypyrrole for the voltammetric determination of the herbicide 4‑chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). The method exploits the direct measurement of the analyte by applying the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique, taking advantage of the irreversible oxidation peak at about +1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl pseudo reference electrode. The presence of the molecularly imprinted polypyrrole enhances the sensor's selectivity and sensitivity. A chemometric approach has been crucial for quantitative analysis because of the peak's broad and not well-defined shape. Firstly, a proper pretreatment of the voltammetric signals is identified, proving the most effective is the first-derivative function transformation of the signal. The Partial Least Square regression (PLS) is the tool applied for MCPA quantification. A preliminary PLS model has been developed and validated in dihydrogen phosphate solution at pH 5.5, aiming to optimize the data treatment approach. Then, the same approach is used to develop a PLS model analyzing tap water samples fortified with MCPA and other pesticides as possible interferents to simulate contaminated natural waters. The model correctly predicted the analyte concentration in the range of 2.5–75 μM, assuring the reliability and robustness of the sensor for the possible quantification of MCPA in wastewater samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000092/pdfft?md5=35136a51a40adac0d1a82c65914aa0d6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000092-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing room-temperature gas sensing performance of metal oxide semiconductor chemiresistors through 400 nm UV photoexcitation","authors":"Suporna Paul ,&nbsp;Emily Resendiz Mendoza ,&nbsp;Dung Thi Hanh To ,&nbsp;Thomas F. Stahovich ,&nbsp;Jennifer Schaefer ,&nbsp;Nosang V. Myung","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the most significant drawbacks of metal oxide (MOS) based chemiresistive gas sensors is the requirement of high operating temperature (250–450 °C), which results in significant power consumption and shorter lifetime. To develop room temperature (21±2 °C) MOS chemiresistive gas sensors, the sensing performance of different MOS nanostructures (i.e.<em>,</em> tin (IV) oxide (SnO₂) nanoparticles (NPs), indium (III) oxide (In₂O₃) NPs, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs, tungsten trioxide (WO₃) NPs, copper oxide (CuO) nanotubes (NTs), and indium tin oxide (In₉₀Sn₁₀O₃ (ITO)) NPs) were systematically investigated toward different toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) (i.e.<em>,</em> nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (i.e.<em>,</em> acetone (C₃H₆O), toluene (C₆H₅CH₃), ethylbenzene (C₆H₅CH₂CH₃), and p-xylene (C₆H₄(CH₃)₂)) in the presence and absence of 400 nm UV light illumination.</p><p>Sensing performance enhancement through photoexcitation is strongly dependent on the target analytes. Under 400 nm UV photoexcitation at 76.0 mW/cm² intensity, room temperature (21±2 °C) NO₂ sensing was readily achieved where SnO₂ NPs exhibited the highest sensor response (<em>S</em> = 474.4 toward 10 ppm_m (parts per million by mass)) with good recovery followed by ZnO NPs &gt; In₂O₃ NPs &gt; ITO NPs. Meanwhile, indirect bandgap n-type WO₃ NPs showed limited NO₂ sensing performance under illumination, whereas p-type CuO NTs showed relatively good sensing response. The most significant improvements in SnO₂ compared to other MOS nanoparticles might be attributed to the highest number of photogeneration electrons, which rapidly reacted with adsorbed <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> species to enhance the reaction kinetics. WO₃ NPs showed a unique sensing response toward aromatic compounds (e.g., ethylbenzene and p-xylene) under UV illumination, where maximum sensitivity was achieved under 36 mW/cm² irradiation. Changing light intensity from 0.0 to 36.4 mW/cm², WO₃ showed 15.4-fold and 6.3-fold enhancement in sensing response toward 25 ppm_m ethylbenzene and 100 ppm_m p-xylene, respectively. 400 nm optical excitation has a limited effect on the sensing performance toward CO, SO_2, toluene, and acetone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000109/pdfft?md5=0eeb26cc61976edbc08e73fef27a62af&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000109-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoplasmonic sensing for studies on liposomes and extracellular vesicles","authors":"Shishir Jaikishan,&nbsp;Marine Lavainne,&nbsp;Susanne K. Wiedmer","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoplasmonic sensing (NPS) is a comparatively new and powerful technique, which is yet to achieve its full potential across various fields of sciences. The principle behind NPS is localized surface plasmon resonance. NPS has several advantages over traditional sensing techniques when it comes to selectivity, sensitivity, concentration of analyte required, and prohibitive costs involved. The phenomenon exhibits at the resolution depth between two and a few tens of nm, which is difficult in practice or expensive to attain with various modern microscopes. Additionally, NPS is a label free technique which can measure fast and real-time interactions at the solid-liquid interface. This review highlights the applications of NPS in lipid research and the emerging field of extracellular vesicles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000080/pdfft?md5=8df1e520ffdfe3c1645a0a4d4ed04a52&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140350780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced ozone gas detection with Sb doped ZnO nanorods synthesized on MEMS microheater","authors":"Yempati Nagarjuna ,&nbsp;Yu-Jen Hsiao ,&nbsp;Wen-Tse Hsiao ,&nbsp;Zheng-Xi Li ,&nbsp;Meichun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal oxide semiconductors infused with noble metals or metalloids are studied and employed in semiconductor sensors applications to a greater extent. In this study, antimony (Sb) is doped with ZnO in 4 different concentrations to compare the optimal parameters in gas sensing properties. Sb/ZnO nanostructure is synthesized by hydrothermal process and deposited on MEMS (Micro electro mechanical system) microheater device. The morphology of the nanostructure is analyzed for planar structure, oxidation states and the presence of Sb/ZnO is successfully verified. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing gas which is a health hazard in public places, so low concentrations of ozone is tested with Sb/ZnO sensor at various parameters. Since Sb acts as catalyst to promote the gas sensing properties, the sensor responses have been enhanced compared to pure ZnO sensor. Sensor performed its best at 200 °C and has the lowest detection gas concentration of 10 ppb. Sb/ZnO showed good selectivity over ozone gas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000079/pdfft?md5=6c7d67d9e78aaef90afb98364f8dd800&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost high-resolution distributed optical fiber system for spectrophotometric analysis of liquid samples: Application to detection of azo dyes","authors":"Genni Testa,&nbsp;Gianluca Persichetti,&nbsp;Romeo Bernini","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snr.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A distributed optical fiber system for spectrophotometric analysis of liquid samples based on light diffusing fiber (LDF) is presented. The sensor is based on a high-density white light emitting diode (LED) strip, which is side coupled to a glass based light-diffusing fiber (LDF) that acts as distributed optical receiver. The light emitted from a single LED propagates through the sample medium, is collected by the LDF and is then detected at the end of the fiber by a mini spectrometer. By sequentially turning on one LED at a time, the system permits the spectrophotometric analysis of the sample medium along the entire fiber length. This approach is capable of a continuous monitoring of absorbance spatial profile of liquid sample in the whole visible spectrum with a single low-cost spectrometer. The experimental results confirm the possibility of distributed measurements with a spatial resolution of about 12 mm over 1 m of measurement range. The approach has been successfully employed to the distributed detection and localization of azo dyes in water with a limit of detection lower than 1 ppm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000067/pdfft?md5=8fa9515691ea2ca0e20085774cb67d4f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) sensing: A critical mini-review","authors":"Dorian Thompson ,&nbsp;Niloofar Zolfigol ,&nbsp;Zehui Xia ,&nbsp;Yu Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of fluorinated pollutants found widely in numerous industrial and consumer products. Their excellent heat, oil, and water resistance and slow degradation rate in nature lead to their persistent environmental accumulation with potential adverse impacts on various organisms, including humans. Although the current EPA-approved PFAS detection method is elegant and ultrasensitive, its broader application is greatly limited due to the associated high costs, lengthy detection times, and skilled personnel requirements. Hence, there is a strong demand for rapid, robust, low-cost, and accessible PFAS detection methods to expedite the treatment of contaminated media and control exposure to these emerging substances. Since the publication of our first PFAS sensing review in 2021, numerous new PFAS sensors have been developed and reported. Consequently, this critical review primarily focuses on recent advancements in PFAS sensing platforms, encompassing optical-based, electrochemical-based, and other novel sensing principle-based systems, as well as those that complement liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, the gold standard for PFAS detection. The underlying detection mechanisms, sensing performances, and potential areas for improvement are thoroughly discussed. We hope that this article offers readers a review of alternative PFAS detection systems developed in recent years and inspires future innovations in field-deployable PFAS sensing technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":426,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666053924000055/pdfft?md5=fe77429733566de3e62932f7d29854cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666053924000055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140074552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}