Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical最新文献

{"title":"Programming activation of Cas12a via PAM remodeling for on-demand detection of DNA repair enzymes","authors":"Lu-yao Chen ,&nbsp;Qiuyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wen-jing Liu ,&nbsp;Chun-yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CRISPR/Cas12a system holds significant promise in molecular diagnostics and biosensing due to its high programmability and efficient <em>trans</em>-cleavage activity. Nevertheless, current methods for regulating the <em>trans</em>-cleavage activity of Cas12a typically involve either complex structural modifications of CRISPR RNA (crRNA) or costly chemical alterations, which restricts their broad applications. Herein, we present a robust and cost-effective strategy to program the activation of Cas12a through remodeling the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) within hairpin double-stranded DNA activator. We rationally design a hairpin probe with an incomplete PAM sequence that makes Cas12a inactive. The introduction of a specific DNA repair enzyme (e.g., uracil DNA glycosylase) excises the uracil (U) base in hairpin probe to initiate the polymerization reaction, remodeling the PAM domain into its functional form that can effectively reactivate Cas12a. This integrated strategy not only achieves precise temporal and hierarchical control over the <em>trans</em>-cleavage activity of Cas12a, but also facilitates the construction of a universal sensing platform (namely CRISPR switch) for on-demand detection of various repair enzymes. This assay is characterized by simple experimental procedure, short analysis time (30 min), high sensitivity, and excellent selectivity. Importantly, this CRISPR switch can be integrated with a lateral flow assay (LFA) for rapid and visual detection of repair enzymes, suitable for point-of-care molecular diagnostics in resource-limited scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent identification of Raman-inactive molecules on a plasmonic ZIF-derived SERS platform","authors":"Handong Zhao,&nbsp;Mengqi Li,&nbsp;Taiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Shi-Zhao Kang,&nbsp;Lixia Qin,&nbsp;Xiangqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The detection of Raman-inactive molecules remains a significant challenge due to the limitations of existing methods, such as low efficiency, stringent conditions, and high cost. Here, we report a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform fabricated through the calcination of a tailored zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) to form an Al/N-doped ZnS substrate (Al/N-ZnS), followed by the anchoring of dendritic Ag. The engineered N-ZnS teams up with multiple Ag-N/S electron transport channels to collectively lower the energy barrier, enabling highly efficient photo-induced charge separation and transfer. The promoted charge dynamics efficiently generates ·OH and ·O₂^- radicals on the Al/N-ZnS/Ag substrate under optimal irradiation, which in turn induce an oxidation-mediated structural rearrangement to rapidly convert target molecules from Raman-inactive to Raman-active states, enabling highly sensitive SERS detection. The substrate demonstrates exceptional sensitivity for detecting leuco-crystal violet (LCV)-a persistent and potentially hazardous derivative of crystal violet. It achieves a detection limit as low as 3.23 × 10⁻¹¹ mol·L⁻¹ and an enhancement factor of 1.28 × 10⁶, coupled with high selectivity and strong anti-interference capability. Furthermore, by integrating machine learning with statistical analysis, the platform successfully discriminates the structurally similar derivatives at ultra-low concentrations (1 × 10⁻⁸ mol⋅L⁻¹) in mixed samples. This novel photo-induced SERS strategy significantly improves detection efficiency and reduces costs, highlighting its great promise for applications in food and environmental analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stable dumbbell-shaped DNA nanostructure enabling primer-free amplification for sensitive and specific single-nucleotide variant detection","authors":"Lin Hua ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Wei ,&nbsp;Jianxin Wu ,&nbsp;Xiao Fang ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Mengqi Zhan ,&nbsp;Jinshen Chu ,&nbsp;Can Wang ,&nbsp;Qingxin Jiang ,&nbsp;Huo Xu ,&nbsp;Guohui Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are critical biomarkers for precision oncology, yet their reliable detection remains challenging due to low variant allele frequencies, extensive wild-type backgrounds, and the need for absolute single-base resolution. Current methods such as next-generation sequencing, digital PCR, isothermal amplification, and CRISPR-based assays offer important advances but remain constrained by cost, complexity, or limited robustness in clinical samples. Here we report a functionalized dumbbell-shaped DNA probe (DSP) that unifies nuclease resistance, low-background signaling, and primer-free amplification within a single nanoscale architecture. The DSP adopts a self-folding conformation that protects terminal ends against degradation, incorporates an intramolecular fluorophore–quencher hairpin for stable and sensitive fluorescence output, and leverages polymerase-assisted recycling to enable intrinsic amplification without external primers. Using KRAS G12D in colorectal cancer as a representative demonstration, the DSP achieved femtomolar sensitivity with a detection limit down to 10 fM, exhibited dual linear ranges spanning femtomolar to nanomolar concentrations, and provided precise single-nucleotide discrimination against wild-type and closely related variants. Importantly, the DSP maintained robust stability and sensitivity not only in buffer and serum but also in real clinical serum samples, where it accurately identified KRAS G12D mutations with results fully consistent with sequencing validation. By consolidating stability, specificity, and amplification in one compact DNA nanostructure, the DSP establishes a new design paradigm for probe-based mutation analysis. Beyond KRAS G12D, its modularity enables straightforward adaptation to other SNVs, offering a generalizable and translational platform for liquid biopsy, multiplex mutation profiling, and point-of-care diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating a droplet microfluidic system for measuring total alkalinity","authors":"Shahrooz Motahari ,&nbsp;Alireza Zabihihesari ,&nbsp;Vincent Sieben","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomous, high-resolution, and long-term monitoring in dynamic marine environments is advantageous to characterize the ocean carbon cycle. Here, we report an autonomous droplet Lab-on-Chip (LoC) sensor enabling high-resolution total alkalinity (TA) measurements with reduced reagent requirements validated in the laboratory. The droplet LoC sensor integrates on-chip droplet absorbance detection to perform multi-point spectrophotometric titrations, where each droplet in a set is an individual titration point. To facilitate droplet stability under varying pH titration conditions, a three-step silica nanoparticle coating method was adapted to render the PMMA channels superhydrophobic while maintaining compatibility with the titration chemistry. The droplet-based approach enables significant reductions in sample and reagent consumption, attaining 15 µL per titration point, which represents a ∼67-fold improvement compared to previous designs. Further measurement time was also decreased, with a complete TA measurement taking 190 s that is ∼6-fold faster than earlier stop-flow analyzers. Multiple certified reference material (CRM) measurements demonstrated a precision of 9.08 µmol kg⁻¹ , which is comparable to previous stop-flow microfluidic systems. Once calibrated against CRMs, the device showed a strong correlation between sensor measured TA values and prepared standards across a range of alkalinities from to 1500–2500 µmol kg⁻¹ , and an accuracy of –3.3 ± 22.9 µmol kg⁻¹ . Droplet-based microfluidics for carbonate measurements, such as TA, demonstrate the potential for long-term, and high spatiotemporal resolution observations in marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavity-boosted multi-component quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor","authors":"Chu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying He ,&nbsp;Shunda Qiao ,&nbsp;Yufei Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A cavity-boosted multi-component quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (CBMC-QEPAS) sensor based on a multi-resonator T-type photoacoustic cell (PAC) is proposed to simultaneously detect carbon dioxide (CO₂) and ammonia (NH₃). The PAC, designed with multiple fundamental frequencies, functions as both an acoustic micro-resonator and a gas chamber. The resonant frequencies of PAC multiple resonators were designed using the finite element analysis method to match those of two quartz tuning fork (QTF) detectors at 3 kHz and 9.5 kHz, thereby achieving resonance enhancement. Experimental results showed 18.76-fold and 24.31-fold enhancements in 2 <em>f</em> signals for CO₂ and NH₃, respectively, with the use of multi-resonator T-type PAC. The sensor's long-term stability was evaluated using Allan deviation analysis, achieving minimum detection limits (MDLs) of 30.58 ppm for CO₂ and 1.61 ppm for NH₃ when the average time was 1000 s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplexed immuno-acoustic separation of exosome and lipoprotein from platelet using acoustic radiation force","authors":"Jeongeun Park,&nbsp;Song Ha Lee,&nbsp;Beomseok Cha,&nbsp;Woohyuk Kim,&nbsp;Jinsoo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exosomes and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), important circulating bioparticles, are regarded as highly promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The similarity in size and density between exosomes and LDLs makes their selective isolation technically challenging using conventional size- or density-based separation methods. Previous microfluidic and acoustofluidic approaches still exhibit limited selectivity and often yield impure separated samples. Immunoaffinity-based methods can improve specificity through molecular recognition, but they have limited applicability to multiplexed separation. Here, we propose an immuno-acoustic platform enabling multiplexed separation of exosomes and LDLs from platelets (PLTs) using tilted-angle traveling surface acoustic wave (taTSAW)-induced acoustic radiation force (ARF). Two types of aptamers, functioning as chemical antibodies, were conjugated to polystyrene (PS) microparticles to selectively bind exosomes and LDLs, forming PS-aptamer-bioparticle complexes. The tilted-angle configuration eliminated the microchannel anechoic corner and enabled the use of both horizontal and vertical acoustic components. Incorporating a glass layer within the microchannel enhanced acoustic energy density via impedance mismatch. Together, these effects improved both throughput and separation performance. Using the proposed taTSAW-based immuno-acoustic platform, we demonstrated that exosomes and LDLs can be separated from PLTs due to the particle size-frequency specificity of the taTSAW-induced ARF in a label-free, biocompatible, and size-selective manner. Fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and hemocytometry confirmed successful multiplexed separation of target bioparticle complexes with a high purity exceeding 96 % and a recovery rate exceeding 99 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fe3O4@PDA-Ag enabled electrochemical/photothermal dual-functional immunoassay with signal cross-validation for accurate detection of alpha-fetoprotein","authors":"Hongyu Xue ,&nbsp;Shuyu Shi ,&nbsp;Mingzhe Jiang ,&nbsp;Tiantian Ji ,&nbsp;Yige Li ,&nbsp;Haoyi Ren ,&nbsp;Yu Qi ,&nbsp;Chenglin Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a common clinical tumor marker. Nevertheless, results from its single-mode detection are often falsely positive or negative, restricting detection accuracy. To solve this problem, an electrochemical immunoassay (EC)-photothermal immunoassays (PTIAs) dual-functional immunosensor was developed herein. Fe3O4@PDA-Ag served as the signal tag with dual functions: Ag generated a strong oxidation peak current for electrochemical testing, while Fe₃O₄@PDA-Ag acted as a photothermal material—when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) laser radiation, a portable thermal imaging device can record temperature changes. To expand the area of electrode effective, MXene-Au was employed as the sensing substrate. According to test findings, the EC and PTIAs sensors showed remarkable performance throughout a range of AFP concentrations of 0.0001–100 ng/mL and 0.001–100 ng/mL, with detection limit of 0.031 pg/mL and 3.0 pg/mL. Additionally, dual-functional cross -validation significantly reduced false positives from single-mode interference to improve accuracy, and the photothermal mode ensured portability and efficiency. It provides an effective reference for tumor marker detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-mode SERS and fluorescence biosensing of aflatoxin B1 with an alkaline phosphatase-encapsulated UiO-66 nanoprobe","authors":"Sidan Yang,&nbsp;Liting Yang,&nbsp;Cheng Yao,&nbsp;Xuan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potent group I carcinogen, demands ultrasensitive detection methods to safeguard food safety. Herein, a dual-mode aptasensor combining surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence (FL) was developed for AFB1 detection. This sensing platform utilized 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) modified Au nanoparticles on Fe₃O₄/reduced graphene oxide (4-MBA@Au/Fe₃O₄@rGO) as the SERS substrate, and employed amino-functionalized UIO-66 (UIO-66-NH₂) as both a fluorescent probe (λₑₓ/λₑₘ = 360/425 nm) and a nanocarrier for alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Owing to the high load capacity (530 ± 30 mg g⁻¹) and well-retained activity (74.23 %) of ALP on UIO-66-NH₂ (UIO-66-ALP), UIO-66-ALP efficiently catalyzed 2-phospho-<span>L</span>-ascorbic acid (AA2P) to generate ascorbic acid (AA), which reduced AgNO₃ to form Ag shells on 4-MBA@Au, amplifying SERS signals. The introduction of AFB1 caused the dissociation of the aptamer-complementary DNA (cDNA) duplex. This triggered the release of UIO-66-ALP-cDNA from the Apt-modified 4-MBA@Au/Fe₃O₄@RGO (4-MBA@Au/Fe₃O₄@rGO-Apt), resulting in a decrease of SERS and FL signals. The developed aptasensor showed low detection limits (12 fg mL⁻¹ for FL; 0.77 fg mL⁻¹ for SERS), and a broad linear range (100 fg mL⁻¹ - 1000 ng mL⁻¹ for FL; 1 fg mL⁻¹ - 1000 ng mL⁻¹ for SERS). In addition, it exhibited high specificity against interferents (aflatoxin B2, AFB2; ochratoxin A, OTA; patulin, PAT) and consistent reproducibility (relative standard deviations, RSD &lt; 6.35 %). Furthermore, the validation in real samples (moldy bread, corn oil, peanuts) yielded recoveries of 95.36–107.8 %, confirming the method’s practical applicability. This work established a benchmark for multiplexed mycotoxin detection, offering significant advancements in food safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A size-encoded beads-based array for multiplexed profiling of human serum extracellular vesicles to enable cancer classification","authors":"Jun-Jie Bai ,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ya-Nan Zhao ,&nbsp;Hai-Yan Li ,&nbsp;Xing Wei ,&nbsp;Ze-Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Jian-Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Ming-Li Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators involved in various pathophysiological/physiological processes. Multiplexed profiling of cancer-associated biomarkers of EVs facilitates the in-depth characterization of heterogeneous EVs subpopulations and supplies comprehensive insights into tumor evolution and progression. Herein, a size-encoded beads-based array chip (BA-chip) was developed for the multiple protein marker detection of human serum EVs and the accurate cancer classification. Aptamers for the four cancer-associated protein markers (EGFR, CEA, PTK7, EpCAM) are respectively conjugated on the surface of microbeads with different diameters (8 μm, 13 μm, 18 μm, 23 μm), providing identity-specific capture tags. The size-based sorting array zones of geometrically optimized hydrodynamic traps were fabricated to sequentially separate the four aptamer-functionalized microbeads at the single-particle level, which enables the on-chip capture and profiling of EVs with specific biomarkers. A FITC-conjugated aptamer (CD63) labeling strategy promotes the identification of captured EVs on individual microbeads. EVs from four different cancer type patients’ serum were successfully captured and classified with 100 % accuracy under the optimal biomarker combination. This BA-chip provides a novel strategy for multiplexed profiling of EVs, significantly simplifies the requirements for experimental instrumentation, and offers new avenues for studying tumor heterogeneity, cancer subtyping, and early detection of various cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high Q-factor QCM humidity sensor based on a synergistic nafion/Ti3C2TX composite film","authors":"Kun Tang ,&nbsp;Xing Ding ,&nbsp;Xinglin Yu ,&nbsp;Yanchang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of balancing resonant stability and sensitivity in quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensors, this study developed a high-performance sensor based on a Nafion/Ti₃C₂T_X composite film. The material achieves performance optimization through synergistic interaction between its two components: Ti₃C₂T_X nanosheets function as a structural reinforcement phase that suppresses humidity-induced film swelling and reduce the resultant energy dissipation caused by viscoelastic effects, while the Nafion polymer effectively mitigates nanosheet restacking and promotes water molecule transport and adsorption. The optimized sensor exhibits excellent resonant characteristics across the full humidity range of 2 %-97 % RH, maintaining a high quality factor (Q-factor) of 47142 even at 97 % RH, along with a significant frequency shift of −6387 Hz. Its comprehensive performance surpasses both single-component sensors and most reported devices. Furthermore, the sensor accurately responds to finger proximity signals, demonstrating potential applications in non-contact human-machine interaction systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}