Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical最新文献

{"title":"Rapid detection of monoamine neurotransmitters by carboxyl ionic organic crystal-functionalized paper spray mass spectrometry","authors":"Zhao Wang ,&nbsp;Jing He ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Mingxia Sun ,&nbsp;Hongdeng Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of a mass spectrometry-based workflows for monoamine neurotransmitters (NTs) detection in biological samples is crucial for the accurate diagnosis of adrenal tumor. In this study, a carboxyl ionic organic crystal (CIOC) was synthesized via ion self-assembly of cationic and anionic monomers, featuring abundant carboxyl active sites for selective monoamine NTs capture. The CIOC-functionalized paper strips significantly enhance the sensitivity of direct capillary spray miniature mass spectrometry (DCS-mini MS) for monoamine NTs analysis. For biofluid analysis, the CIOC-functionalized paper strips were immersed in samples, washed with ACN to remove interferents, and analyzed by DCS-mini MS. Compared to unmodified paper strips, the CIOC-functionalized paper strips exhibited significantly enhanced sensitivity, with signal amplification factors of 7.6-fold for dopamine, 3.4-fold for norepinephrine, 4.6-fold for 5-hydroxytryptamine, and 5.6-fold for epinephrine in plasma, and corresponding increases of 10.9-fold, 4.0-fold, 6.3-fold, and 7.5-fold in urine. This is attributed to the synergistic effects of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding between CIOC materials and the monoamine NTs. The method showed excellent linearity (R² &gt; 0.9981), with LOD ranging from 0.51 to 2.11 ng mL⁻¹ in urine and 1.53–4.51 ng mL⁻¹ in plasma, and LOQ ranging from 1.7 to 7.01 ng mL⁻¹ in urine and 5.1–15.03 ng mL⁻¹ in plasma. The robustness of the method was confirmed through validation of precision (&lt;10 % RSD) and recoveries (80.1–97.3 %). The CIOC@DCS-mini MS platform enables rapid (3 min), label-free clinical monoamine NTs monitoring, offering a precise solution for diagnosing monoamine NTs-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of molecularly imprinted silica-wrapped ionic liquid-regulated carbon quantum dots and its application in the electroluminescence and fluorescence dual-mode detection of ochratoxin A","authors":"Yifei He,&nbsp;Lei Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoshuo Zhang,&nbsp;Faqiong Zhao,&nbsp;Baizhao Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a highly harmful substance, and its sensitive and accurate detection in foods is quite important. Herein, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL)/fluorescence dual-mode sensor based on surface molecular imprinting on silica-wrapped ionic liquid-modified carbon dots (IL-CDs) is fabricated for OTA detection. In this case, the molecularly imprinted layer is prepared by chemical polymerization, and it not only acts as an identification unit but also protects the CDs. The ionic liquid 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide is introduced in the synthesis of CDs as a surface modifier, which significantly enhances the density of secondary amine on the surface of CDs and the ECL intensity. The obtained nanoparticles show very low cytotoxicity and can produce strong ECL signal in the presence of coreactant tripropylamine and fluorescence signal under 360 nm light excitation. When the system is used for the detection of OTA, it displays high sensitivity, reproducibility and stability. Through dual-mode correction, the relative standard deviation decreases obviously and the recoveries become more satisfactory as 97.9∼102 % in detecting OTA in white wine, beer and peanut oil samples. Accordingly, this work provides a promising option for the accurate and rapid detection of OTA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferrocene-functionalized ZIF-8@Pt nanoparticles-engineered dual-mode aptasensor: Ratiometric electrochemical/impedimetric detection of chlorpyrifos with high reliability","authors":"Hao Tan ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Song ,&nbsp;Langhui Tao ,&nbsp;Jinxiu Wei ,&nbsp;Yuye Li ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liu ,&nbsp;Chengxi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid and reliable detection of pesticide residues play a pivotal role in safeguarding food safety. By integrating ratiometric electrochemical (EC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) strategies, this work develops an all-in-one dual-mode aptasensor based on ferrocene-functionalized zeolitic imidazolate framework decorated with platinum nanoparticles (ZIF-8@Fc@PtNPs) for reliable detection of chlorpyrifos (CPS). ZIF-8@Fc@PtNPs were synthesized via a facile self-assembly approach, functioning as a dual-functional substrate to yield a reference signal (I_Fc) and amplify response signals. Complementary DNA (cDNA) was then immobilized via Pt-N bond, providing specific binding sites for assembling methylene blue-labelled CPS aptamer@Au nanoparticles (MB-CPS Apt@AuNPs). In the presence of CPS, specific bindings triggered the detachment of MB-CPS Apt@AuNPs, leading to measurable changes in the I_Fc/I_MB and electron transfer resistance (R_et). This dual-mode platform, by integrating ratiometric EC (based on I_Fc/I_MB) and EIS (based on R_et) strategies, allows for reciprocal validation of results derived from both modes, ensuring enhanced accuracy and reliability. The approach achieved high detection sensitivity for CPS within 30 pg mL⁻¹-30 ng mL⁻¹ (ratiometric EC mode) and 10 pg mL⁻¹-30 ng mL⁻¹ (EIS mode), coupled with good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Successful application in vegetable samples demonstrates its great potential for practical pesticide residue monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe for selective and portable detection of Hg2 + in environmental and food samples","authors":"Yanli Li ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Ruihong Yao ,&nbsp;Bin Yang ,&nbsp;Jiao Lu ,&nbsp;Zhou Wu ,&nbsp;Yong Li ,&nbsp;Zhihao Lu ,&nbsp;Jiajia Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhirong Geng ,&nbsp;Zhilin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a heavy metal ion, Hg²⁺ represents a serious environmental and health threat due to its neurotoxicity and bioaccumulation potential, highlighting the urgent need for effective detection techniques. Traditional detection methods, though accurate, are often impractical for on-site applications. To address this challenge, we designed and synthesized a novel fluorescent probe, NX601, based on a 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore modified with branched-chain carboxyl hydrophilic groups and an N₄O recognition moiety. NX601 exhibits a selective \"turn-on\" fluorescence response to Hg²⁺ via suppression of the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process, enabling rapid and sensitive detection in aqueous media. With a low limit of detection of 18.95 nM and a rapid response of less than 5 s, the probe demonstrated exceptional selectivity and reliability, even in the presence of interfering metal ions. Furthermore, portable detection tools, including test paper, cotton swabs, spray bottle and a smartphone-integrated platform, were developed for real-time, on-site Hg²⁺ detection. The smartphone-based approach demonstrated excellent agreement with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, highlighting its potential for environmental monitoring and food safety applications. This study not only presents a highly effective fluorescent probe for Hg²⁺ detection but also bridges the gap between laboratory research and real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mitochondria-targeted NIR fluorescent probe with pH-switchable viscosity response and photodynamic therapy via an O2‑independent photocatalyst","authors":"Long Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanbin Wu ,&nbsp;Zena Chen ,&nbsp;Xiang Che ,&nbsp;Linjie Ju ,&nbsp;Zhongxi Huang ,&nbsp;Qian Shen ,&nbsp;Jiarui Shi ,&nbsp;Changmin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tumor microenvironment in solid tumor is usually featured by low pH, high viscosity, and hypoxia etc. Real-time monitoring and efficient suppression of tumor tissues based on the characteristic parameters of the tumor site holds significant importance. Herein, we design a mitochondria-targeted NIR fluorescent probe named <strong>HX</strong> by incorporating naphthalene moiety with hemicyanine dyes. Under acidic conditions in tumor site, the neutral probe <strong>HX</strong> can be protonated with the pyranoid ring opening, thereby activating the donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) framework and enhancing its sensitivity to changes in viscosity. In addition, the positive charge of the hemicyanine structure promotes the probe to enter into the mitochondria. Thus, <strong>HX</strong> has the ability of pH-switch to target mitochondria and detect the viscosity of the tumor acidic microenvironment. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that it can be served as photosensitizer with Type Ⅰ reaction for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in mitochondria. By using simulated tumor mice, we finally demonstrate that <strong>HX</strong> can distinguish tumor tissues from normal tissues in intraoperative navigation and monitor wound infection, as well as enhanced tumor inhibition with low concentration O₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a hydrogen peroxide-responsive near-infrared fluorescent probe and the biological application in tracking inhalation lung injury","authors":"Zangfei Xie ,&nbsp;Jia Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Dan Cheng ,&nbsp;Jia Zhou ,&nbsp;Longwei He","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inhalation lung injury (ILI) is an inflammation-driven disease primarily mediated by oxidative stress. Accordingly identifying oxidative stress-related factors is crucial for early diagnosis and timely intervention of ILI. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), one of the important reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been shown to be a key regulator in the onset and progression of ILI, with its levels dynamically reflecting the extent of oxidative stress. The selective detection of H₂O₂ using fluorescence imaging technology is a promising method for ILI detection. Herein, the fluorescent probe <strong>SRHFP</strong> based on a H₂O₂-triggered structural self-rebuilding procedure including successive three-step oxidation, self-immolation and covalent bond assembly has been developed for real-time H₂O₂ monitoring. <strong>SRHFP</strong> performs the advantageous optical properties, such as low detection limit of 0.1 μM under physiological conditions, NIR emission band centered at 660 nm to avoid tissue autofluorescence, large Stokes shift of 230 nm to minimize fluorescence self-quenching, and remarkable stability. Probe <strong>SRHFP</strong> has capability of sensitively monitoring both endogenous and exogenous H₂O₂ in A549 cells and accurately detecting various toxic chemical gases-induced lung injury model cells. What’s more, <strong>SRHFP</strong> possesses the characteristic of priority lung accumulation and was successfully applied to monitor the H₂O₂ elevation in the lungs of ILI model mice induced by inhalation of toxic gas and the decrease of H₂O₂ concentration in dexamethasone-treated mice, confirming the strong correlation between H₂O₂ levels and ILI pathological process. This probe enables dynamic visualization of ILI progression and holds significant potential as a diagnostic tool for inflammation-related lung diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-powered nanozyme-imprinted fluorescence μPAD sensor for on-site simultaneous visual detection of carbendazim and thiabendazole","authors":"Xuyun Liu ,&nbsp;Jianmei Wu ,&nbsp;Xianglan Li ,&nbsp;Wenqian Ouyang ,&nbsp;Qin Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangni Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Yang ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbendazim (CBZ) and thiabendazole (TBZ), belonging to benzimidazole fungicides, are widely applied in fruit disease control. However, their excessive use is severely threatening toward the ecological environment and human health. Developing a portable and rapid on-site detection method is required. In this study, a dual-mode nanozyme-imprinted fluorescence paper-based microfluidic sensor was developed for the simultaneous detection of CBZ and TBZ. Molecularly imprinted polymers based on the surface of peroxidase-like zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (RHB@ZIF-67@MIP and r-CDs@ZIF-67@MIP) were respectively constructed by sol-gel method for highly selective recognition of target analytes. These two imprinted nanozymes were respectively assembled onto the paper-based microfluidic (μPAD) sensing platform to form a dual-channel imprinted fluorescence μPAD sensor. A dual-ratiometric fluorescence detection system was constructed by incorporating two distinct chemical reactions, namely the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)/terephthalic acid system and the H₂O₂/o-phenylenediamine system. Integrating with a smartphone and an AI image processing program, fluorescence detection, image acquisition, and real-time analysis toward CBZ and TBZ were completed within 10 min. The RHB@ZIF-67@MIP μPAD sensing zone showed a linear response toward CBZ across 0.001–100 μM. While the r-CDs@ZIF-67@MIP μPAD sensing zone demonstrated effective TBZ detection across 0.005–300 μM. AI-powered rapid processing fluorescence signals enhanced analysis efficiency. The nanozyme-imprinted fluorescence μPAD sensor exhibits high sensitivity, rapid detection, and portability, providing a novel method for rapid on-site detection of benzimidazole pesticide residues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a self-powered and polarity switched photoelectrochemical biosensor based on In2S3/WS2 for the detection of tobramycin","authors":"Lu-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ping Wei ,&nbsp;Jing-Shuai Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Zhu ,&nbsp;Xing-Pei Liu ,&nbsp;Chang-Jie Mao ,&nbsp;Bao-Kang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a self-powered ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor for the detection of tobramycin (TOB), establishing a highly selective detection platform through photocurrent polarity switching. Utilizing the principle of electrostatic adsorption, WS₂ is uniformly loaded onto the loose and porous surface of In₂S₃. The synthesized composite (In₂S₃/WS₂) features a large specific surface area, enhancing light absorption and increasing solid-liquid interfacial contact, thereby promoting the separation of photogenerated carriers and interfacial reactions. Due to the energy level alignment between In₂S₃ and WS₂, the In₂S₃/WS₂ composite can generate photocurrent signals of up to 130 μA at 0 V under visible light irradiation. Cu₂O is synthesised on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes lidded with the In₂S₃/WS₂ composite via Cu-S bonding, serving as a signaling label for the polarity reversal mechanism of the PEC biosensor. Thanks to the remarkable photovoltaic performance of In₂S₃/WS₂ and the reliability of Cu₂O photocurrent polarity switching, the designed TOB biosensor exhibits a detection range from 1.0 pg/mL to 10 µg/mL with a limit of detection of 0.33 pg/mL (S/N = 3). By substituting the aptamer, the PEC biosensors developed in this study also have potential for widespread application in detecting other analytes, playing a vital role in bioanalysis and food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in situ quenching photoelectrochemical biosensor sensitized with dual-amplification DNA circuit for telomerase activity detection in HeLa cells","authors":"Hui Xu, Ning Chen, Shengkun Zhang, Shaolan Zeng, Yao Song, Po Wang, Yujuan Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138813","url":null,"abstract":"Abnormal expression of telomerase activity is intimately associated with unrestricted multiplication of tumor cells. As a promising biomarker, precise quantification of telomerase activity provides valuable information for early cancer diagnosis. Here, a novel in situ quenching photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor was constructed for the assessment of telomerase activity extracted from HeLa cells. To improve the analytical performance of sensing system, zinc-based metal-organic frameworks (Zn-MOFs) were used as photoelectric active substances and MnO₂ nanoflowers (NFs) served as corresponding quenchers which could catalyze ascorbic acid (AA) to form AA⁺. In situ consumption of electron donor led to the decrease of PEC response. Furthermore, through telomerase activity-dependent intermediate DNA strands triggered entropy-driven catalysis (EDC), the free single-strand DNA fragment was generated on the electrode surface which triggered the subsequent hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and produced the long linear DNA duplexes for loading MnO₂ NFs. Notably, this dual-amplification DNA circuit generated tremendously amplified signals. Thus, the method realized telomerase activity assay with a low detection limit of 18 cells/mL HeLa cells and a dynamic range of 50–1×10⁶ cells/mL. Moreover, the biosensor also demonstrated good selectivity and practical utility for detecting telomerase activity in various cell lines. Thus, the strategy held a promising application in telomerase-related field.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced triethylamine sensing performance of Fe-doped Co-MOF","authors":"Meng Tian,&nbsp;Baijing Li,&nbsp;Jianbo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triethylamine (TEA) finds extensive and critical applications across diverse domains including industrial manufacturing, pharmaceutical research and development, and agricultural cultivation. However, owing to its hazardous attributes such as toxicity and flammability, the detection of TEA has emerged as a pivotal step in safeguarding personal safety, mitigating environmental pollution, and elevating food safety standards. In the present study, Fe-doped cobalt-based metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived nanomaterials were successfully synthesized via a facile and efficient hydrothermal approach. Gas-sensing measurements reveal that the 5 at% Fe-doped Co₃O₄ exhibits optimal performance, featuring an optimal operating temperature of 220°C and a response value sixfold that of the pure Co₃O₄ sensor (21). Notably, the 5 at% Fe-doped Co₃O₄ demonstrates rapid response and recovery time (32 s/34 s). Utilizing characterization techniques such as XPS and Fe-doped infrared spectroscopy for intermediate analysis, this work investigates the mechanism by which doping-induced charge transfer effects modulate the gas-sensing properties of the materials. Fe doping significantly enhances the gas-sensing activity, selectivity, and stability of cobalt-based MOF-derived materials by tailoring their local electronic structures. This discovery provides valuable theoretical underpinnings and experimental insights for the design of high-performance TEA gas sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"447 ","pages":"Article 138811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}