JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY最新文献

{"title":"Silence, Friendship, and Cunning","authors":"Morris Beja","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This essay aims to complicate and question the pervasive image of James Joyce, and his own self-image, as \"[u]nfellowed, friendless and alone,\" by looking at the role of friends and friendship in Joyce's life and in the lives of his major self-portraits, Stephen Dedalus and Leopold Bloom. I examine Joyce's relationship with his most important friends, such as Vincent Cosgrave, J. F. Byrne, Oliver St. John Gogarty, Frank Budgen, Samuel Beckett, Paul Léon, and others—notably a number of women, including Sylvia Beach, Maria Jolas, and Harriet Shaw Weaver. Those relationships were complex, as are the friendships in Joyce's fiction. In <i>A Portrait</i>, Davin, for example, says that Stephen is \"[a]lways alone,\" yet in Lynch and Cranly he has close friends. In <i>Ulysses</i>, the friendships with Mulligan and Lynch are notably strained. But while Stephen is cynical about friends and, by extension, friendship, it is Bloom who is, in fact, apparently without any close friends: he seems to have only acquaintances (like Molly as well, for that matter). Yet Bloom and Stephen form a bond that, although it is hard to define and almost certainly temporary, seems to bring a measure of comfort to both of them.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calling Forth the Future: Joyce and the Messianism of Absence","authors":"Jack Rodgers","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ulysses</i> is so saturated with ruined futurities, false prophets, and parodic messiahs that we might be tempted to conclude that there is no place at all for an ethical or unironic future. However, this essay argues that Joyce is, in fact, invested in a kind of messianic futurity which emerges out of, rather than in opposition to, catastrophe and negativity. Beginning with an examination of the various political and religious broken promises that permeate the novel, I argue that the real temporal commitments in <i>Ulysses</i> are rooted not in what is said but what is unsaid and unsayable—the moments of blindness and absence that emerge in pivotal moments throughout the text. Ultimately, it is through Joyce's use of the figures of both Moses and the prophet Elijah that a radical temporality is best developed, culminating in Molly Bloom's comments on \"omission\" in \"Penelope\" and the articulation of an affirmative negation which confronts us with an ethical command to participate in calling forth the future.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cold Case of Irish Facts: Re(:)visiting John Stanislaus Joyce","authors":"Thomas O'Grady","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Will the case that argues for Brian O'Nolan's authorship of \"Interview with Mr. John Stanislas [<i>sic</i>] Joyce (1849-1931),\" published in <i>A James Joyce Yearbook</i> in 1941, ever be fully dismissed? This essay revisits the evidence supporting the claims of O'Nolan's authorship—evidence promulgated and perpetuated by such reputable scholars as John V. Kelleher and Hugh Kenner—as well as the testimony, constituting the counter-argument, from O'Nolan's friend and biographer Anthony Cronin and his friend Niall Sheridan in an attempt to cast reasonable—if not irrefutable—doubt on O'Nolan as the perpetrator of a fraud of significant literary consequence.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing Robert Berry's \"Aeolus\"","authors":"Paul K. Saint-Amour","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927917","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Introducing Robert Berry's \"Aeolus\" <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Paul K. Saint-Amour (bio) </li> </ul> <p>A diurnal city epic written in multiple styles and assembled by many hands: the daily newspaper is one of <em>Ulysses</em>'s great sponsors, as important to the form of Joyce's book as the <em>Odyssey</em> is to its narrative architecture. In both its form and its setting, \"Aeolus\" is where <em>Ulysses</em> most openly acknowledges its debt to the daily news. Yet for all the episode's variety—its headings and set pieces in different idioms, its encyclopedic range of rhetorical devices—\"Aeolus\" can't compete with the sheer number of forms and microgenres found in your typical early-twentieth-century metropolitan paper. Leopold Bloom half acknowledges this fact when he thinks, under the heading \"HOW A GREAT DAILY ORGAN IS TURNED OUT,\" \"It's the ads and side features sell a weekly, not the stale news in the official gazette\"; he goes on to supply a mental list of the kinds of side features that are mostly missing from \"Aeolus\": \"Nature notes. Cartoons. Phil Blake's weekly Pat and Bull story\" (<em>U</em> 7.84, 89-90, 94).</p> <p>Like a lot of kids, I started reading the newspaper at the comics page and rarely got much farther. Faced with \"Aeolus,\" my child self would have wondered what good a newspaper was without cartoons. As an adult reader of <em>Ulysses</em>, though, I find it hard to imagine the text of Joyce's episode suddenly making way for Phil Blake's art nouveau political cartoons as they appeared in the <em>Weekly Freeman</em> from 1898 to 1905. \"Aeolus\" is a hat-tip to the newspaper, not a scrapbook of it.</p> <p>But now my friend and fellow Joyce instructor, Rob Berry, the artist behind <em>ULYSSES \"seen,\"</em> is offering readers of this journal something better than \"Aeolus\" with comics. It's \"Aeolus\" <em>as</em> comic, starting with a set of six black-and-white strips (corresponding to Monday thru Saturday) and culminating in a full-color Sunday funnies page. In the sets of \"Aeolus\" comics that begin with the present issue, you'll find Berry's drawings beautifully echoing the wood-engraved technique used in late-nineteenth-century cartoons. The strip uses familiar comics conventions—speech balloons, thought bubbles, and rectangular narratorial captions—that developed in the early twentieth century. As \"Aeolus\" progresses, you'll notice Berry stretching and tweaking these conventions to accommodate the ambiguous zones of discourse in the text. You'll notice, too, how his style changes for the Sunday strip, swapping out the wood-engraving look for the raised-metal style that prevailed in comic strips after 1910. Berry's project, like Joyce's, is alive to how subtle anachronisms invite us to re-engage with history, whether it be the history of a medium or of the community whose life it documents. <strong>[End P","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Joyce Met St. John Greer Ervine","authors":"Emily Bell","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927920","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> When Joyce Met St. John Greer Ervine <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Emily Bell (bio) </li> </ul> <p>The meeting between James Joyce and St. John Greer Ervine has gone unnoticed. Ervine wrote of his chance encounter with this author of so-called \"[r]ough [s]tuff\" in 1947 in a short column for the <em>Belfast Telegraph</em>.¹ The scene of his recollection is a dental surgery waiting room at 62 Harley Street, London, and the probable date is 31 August 1922. A woeful and terror-stricken Joyce seeks comfort among the Marylebone dental patients as he contemplates with dread his approaching blindness. Reckoning with this fate, he had come to London to meet a recommended dentist—a Mr. Henry—who might be able to intercept the suggested link between his rotting teeth and fading sight. In the waiting room was another Irish writer. Before Ervine could offer empty words of consolation—for \"what comfort can one offer a man who is threatened with darkness for the rest of his life?\"—Joyce was called to the chair (4). Despite his promise to return to the clinic, he went back to Paris—supposedly the following day—to meet with his oculist, Dr. Borsch. Nevertheless, the meeting made an impression on Ervine. Joyce exposed his terror at losing his senses and revealed a candor in speaking about his situation. Ervine describes for us Joyce's natural dandyism, his \"air of gentleness,\" and <strong>[End Page 130]</strong> the stark and unexpected contrast the author presented compared with the \"frowsty garrulous drunkards\" which, for Ervine, typified the atmosphere of <em>Ulysses</em> (4); this last observation is provided on Ervine's authority as a subscriber to the first edition of <em>Ulysses</em>, though he had read only \"about fifty pages\" (4). Joyce eventually lost his sight, Ervine tells us, and \"took the loss much better than anyone expected\"; by Ervine's reasoning, an author who so habitually turned inward for his writing could hardly have been too disconcerted by having to \"occupy his thoughts with James Joyce\" (4).</p> <p>Ervine was born in Belfast in 1883. Like Joyce, he began to see some literary recognition in the 1910s, writing plays as well as journalistic pieces. His success was facilitated by a move to London at the turn of the twentieth century, where he met and became the mentee of George Bernard Shaw. Despite living in London, his plays were first produced at the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, and for a few years he was a regular name on the playbill after a string of successes in the 1910s. Between 1915 and 1916, he was briefly the director of the Abbey Theatre, significantly during the Easter Rising. Like other Abbey managers of the 1910s, his tenure was short lived: though he restored the theater to comparative financial stability within a few months, his personality was difficult and led to a mutiny of the company. Still, ","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepping Through Origins: Nature, Home, & Landscape in Irish Literature by Jefferson Holdridge (review)","authors":"Marjorie Howes","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927926","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Stepping Through Origins: Nature, Home, &amp; Landscape in Irish Literature</em> by Jefferson Holdridge <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Marjorie Howes (bio) </li> </ul> <em>STEPPING THROUGH ORIGINS: NATURE, HOME, &amp; LANDSCAPE IN IRISH LITERATURE</em>, by Jefferson Holdridge. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2022. x + 286 pp. $80.00 cloth, $39.95 paper. <p>The subtitle of this ambitious and original book indicates the particular terms that are most important to its central arguments. \"Nature,\" as Jefferson Holdridge defines it, encompasses a vast array of forces, both internal and external, that humans struggle to <strong>[End Page 158]</strong> control. Nature is above all a principle of disruption; \"eruptions of nature,\" Holdridge says, are \"Oedipal, animal, erotic, ecological, or varying combinations of these categories\" (2). Nature can also erupt variously in the realms of politics, religion, or violence. \"Landscape,\" for Holdridge, is \"a humanized version of nature\" (2) that has been shaped and controlled by humans. In Holdridge's argument, nature emerges as something, or a series of somethings, that humans try to tame and manage but that constantly thwarts such efforts at control. This exceptionally capacious and flexible definition of nature allows Holdridge to forge connections across a wide range of texts and time periods. The result is frequently illuminating.</p> <p>The chapter on the eighteenth century locates \"nature\" in Jonathan Swift in that author's satirical view of human nature as monstrous and contrasts this to Oliver Goldsmith's more pastoral vision, while also arguing that the two share the same \"aim to unmask bad government and the destruction of beauty and morality\" (35). Moving to the nineteenth century, and to Lady Morgan and William Carleton, Holdridge continues to trace contrasting responses to Ireland's colonial history: \"If the rupture reflected in the landscape is a strong encounter with history, then pastoral harmony is a compensatory shift in the psychology of aesthetics. … The eruptions of wilderness and the compensations of the pleasant place are mutually defining opposites\" (44). This argument is both broadly synthetic and admirably dialectical. It allows Holdridge to make intriguing connections among authors as apparently disparate as Swift, Morgan, and Carleton. Such connections, rather than extended or original readings of individual texts, are the book's main strengths. Given the book's ambitious chronological and textual range, it is perhaps inevitable that occasionally a connection or a sweeping generalization falls somewhat flat. The claim that \"[i]f society is harmonious, so are its aesthetic representations; if it is in upheaval, its art reflects the troubles\" (36), for example, is too reductive to be helpful and lacks the sophistication of the boo","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plenty of Preprosperousness","authors":"Jeffrey Drouin","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927916","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Plenty of Preprosperousness <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jeffrey Drouin </li> </ul> <p>With this issue comes another minor change in the <em>James Joyce Quarterly</em>'s editorship. Readers will remember from the previous issue that Bob Spoo has taken an endowed professorship in Irish literature at Princeton University, which means that I am now the sole editor. It was a tremendous honor to work alongside Bob. He taught me much about seeing potential and bringing out the best in our colleagues' writing. I will miss our marathon working lunches at Roosevelt's and wish him the very best. The continuity of our journal was well prepared, of course, by the founding vision of Tom Staley, by Bob's first editorship, by Sean Latham's transformative twenty-one years at the helm, and then by the co-editorship of Bob and myself that began in 2022. As ever, Carol Kealiher's expertise and constant dedication to quality have made her our indispensable managing editor for more than three decades. And we are all supported by a team of graduate assistants—currently Elizabeth Bailey, Christian Barkman, Dennis Chu, Seona Kim, and Zachary Short—whose eagle eyes keep our Is dotted and Ts crossed, and reviewers' inboxes routinely filled with increasingly irksome deadline reminders. Special thanks are due to the continuing support of The University of Tulsa's President and Provost, Brad Carson and George Justice, as we embark on the sixty-first year of our journal with momentum and direction.</p> <p>Looking forward, we are planning a number of special issues that will push Joyce studies into new and increasingly relevant areas. The next issue will focus on translation, which is enjoying a major resurgence in global literature today. It will soon be followed by a women's issue. Other planned topics include creative responses to and adaptations of Joyce's work, non-human intelligence, sustainability, Joyce and other authors, and reading groups. We very much encourage submissions in these areas and are eager to hear pitches for special issues on other topics. Please follow the submission procedure at the <em>JJQ</em> website to send us your proposals.</p> <p>This number is a special issue on Joyce and personal relationships titled \"Joyce When He's At Home.\" The play on Molly's request to know what metempsychosis means, in \"Calypso,\" riffs on ways in which the following articles refract recurring concepts through personal relationships in Joyce's own life or in his work. In \"A Cold Case of Irish Facts: Re(:)visiting John Stanislaus Joyce,\" Thomas O'Grady meticulously traces the history of the interview with Joyce's father, conducted by an unknown journalist, that Maria Jolas published <strong>[End Page 7]</strong> in 1949. O'Grady produces a capacious and detailed picture of the sources and subsequent uses of the interview, and the Irish cultural fact","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Ulysses\" By Numbers by Eric Bulson (review)","authors":"William S. Brockman","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927929","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>\"Ulysses\" By Numbers</em> by Eric Bulson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> William S. Brockman (bio) </li> </ul> <em>\"ULYSSES\" BY NUMBERS</em>, by Eric Bulson. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020. xx + 273 pp. $110.00 cloth. <p>If you thought you had Joyce's number, you should reconsider. \"<em>Ulysses\" by Numbers</em> is a quantitative exploration: \"Counting <em>Ulysses</em> is a way to read it\" (33). Eric Bulson asserts that computation is not the only way, but an opportunity, a perspective, a means of applying quantitative measures to the text, to the paratext, to the physical book, to the sales records, in order to tease out historical and critical insights. What he sometimes refers to as a \"computational\" approach is distinct from distant reading and its aggregation of texts and characteristics. Computation and close reading are not opposed, he argues; rather, \"computation is already close reading\" (8); the book sets out to eke out numbers to be found both in and external to the text.</p> <p>Chapters lead off by posing questions with seemingly obvious answers that lead into quantitative examinations. The question of \"[w]ho wrote <em>Ulysses</em>?\" (39) leads from a brief survey of computer-assisted style analyses that might be applied to the book to devoting further (and more fruitful) attention to the paragraphs of <em>Ulysses</em>. Bulson's simple count of paragraphs per episode fails to establish much, but the quantitative approach makes more sense when applied to the progressive stages of the English language as represented in \"Oxen of the Sun.\" His scrutiny of the widely variable characteristics of Joyce's paragraphs and the question of how to define a <em>Ulysses</em> paragraph is unique and insightful. Bulson notes that Joyce's substantial revisions to the text through the proof stages of the publishing process rarely involved changes to or additions of paragraphs: the paragraph was a critical structural unit throughout the compositional stages of <em>Ulysses</em>. Paragraphs, especially the longer ones, are structural elements of time in <em>Ulysses</em>: \"the longer paragraph functions more like a <em>pocket of time</em>, a place in which the seconds and minutes can expand or slow down\" (59). Here, as in many other parts of the book, Bulson is at his best when he uses the quantification of <em>Ulysses</em> as a springboard to dive into qualitative aspects of the book.</p> <p>\"Why is Joyce's <em>Ulysses</em> as long as it is?\" leads to a proliferation of word counts that examines the initial constraints put on the earlier episodes as Joyce was composing contributions to the <em>Little Review</em> (68). This leads to an observation of the way in which the \"Hades\" episode enables the book to break away from a rough equivalent of word count and lapsed time: an extended section of text","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Aztecs in Ulysses","authors":"Brian Griffin","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927919","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> The Aztecs in <em>Ulysses</em> <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Brian Griffin (bio) </li> </ul> <p>In the \"Eumaeus\" episode of <em>Ulysses</em>, a drunken sailor, \"D. B. Murphy of Carrigaloe,\" regales his audience in a cabman's shelter with gruesome tales of his experiences in foreign lands.¹ His listeners include Stephen Dedalus and Leopold Bloom. Bloom is at first skeptical of Murphy's stories but then concedes to himself that they might not be \"an entire fabrication,\" even though \"at first blush there was not much inherent probability in all the spoof he got off his chest being strictly accurate gospel\" (<em>U</em> 16.827, 828-29). He says to Stephen:</p> <blockquote> <p>Analogous scenes are occasionally, if not often, met with. … In those waxworks in Henry street I myself saw some Aztecs, as they are called, sitting bowlegged, they couldn't straighten their legs if you paid them because the muscles here, … the sinews or whatever you like to call them behind the right knee, were utterly powerless from sitting that way so long cramped up, being adored as gods.</p> (<em>U</em> 16.849-56) </blockquote> <p>After telling Stephen what he had seen in the waxworks, Bloom then proceeds to assess whether the tales told by \"friend Sinbad\" are plausible (<em>U</em> 16.858).</p> <p>But who or what were the \"Aztecs\" that Bloom saw in \"those waxworks in Henry street\"? There is some confusion among Joyce scholars on this point. Guillemette Bolens, for example, writes that Bloom saw \"wax statues of Aztecs adored as gods,\"² rather than seeing people, while Suzanna Chan states that Bloom saw \"models of Aztecs\" in the waxworks.³ Don Gifford and Robert J. Seidman suggest that Bloom has seen just one person, \"a yogi ascetic or fakir whose musculature has been weakened by prolonged worship in one position.\"⁴ In a similar vein, John Peter Schwartz argues that, when he is in the waxworks, \"Bloom mistakes 'ascetics' for 'Aztecs' who are being 'adored as gods.'\"⁵ Other scholars refer to this episode without speculating on the Aztecs' nature or identity.⁶</p> <p>It is now possible to clarify what Bloom saw: it was neither wax statues, models, a single yogi ascetic or fakir, nor multiple ascetics, but two siblings, Maximo and Bartola, two of the most famous people to be exhibited as human \"freaks\" in North America and Europe in the nineteenth century. As Robert Bogdan explains, \"freaks\" <strong>[End Page 121]</strong> were \"people with alleged and real physical, mental, or behavioral anomalies\" who were exhibited for amusement or profit in formally organized \"freak shows.\"⁷ Maximo and Bartola were first presented to the New York and Boston public in 1849 as \"Aztec Children\" or \"Aztec Lilliputians,\" the last survivors of a priestly caste who were venerated by the inhabitants of ","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time and Identity in \"Ulysses\" and the \"Odyssey,\" by Stephanie Nelson (review)","authors":"Stephen Sicari","doi":"10.1353/jjq.2023.a927928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jjq.2023.a927928","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Time and Identity in \"Ulysses\" and the \"Odyssey,\"</em> by Stephanie Nelson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Stephen Sicari (bio) </li> </ul> <em>TIME AND IDENTITY IN \"ULYSSES\" AND THE \"ODYSSEY,\"</em> by Stephanie Nelson. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2022. xii + 282 pp. $85.00 cloth. <p>When I read in the introduction to Stephanie Nelson's <em>Time and Identity in \"Ulysses\" and the \"Odyssey\"</em> that \"there has been no full-length study of the two together\" (2), I admit I was surprised. Surely Joyce scholars have been pursuing the relation of the two works even before a copy of <em>Ulysses</em> was printed for Joyce's fortieth birthday. Upon reflection, I realized that Nelson's assertion may in fact be true, especially when she explains that she does not seek anything new to say about the Homeric correspondences (in fact, she rightly calls them \"Joyce's superficial play with Homer\"—2), but pursues different ends: \"This book, then, compares two works concerned with similar themes\" (3). Putting the two together in a \"full-length study\" is, for Nelson, not the usual one-way street of using Homer to explain Joyce; rather, they illuminate one another: \"Just as the <em>Odyssey</em> helps us think through <em>Ulysses</em>, so <em>Ulysses</em> brings out aspects of the <em>Odyssey</em> that many layers of interpretive varnish have obscured\" (3). She wants to bring to light what she calls \"the complex of associations that the <em>Odyssey</em> and <em>Ulysses</em> share\" (106). It takes until page 151 for her to say this clearly: \"[T]he <em>Odyssey</em> does not provide a key that unlocks <em>Ulysses</em>. Rather, it points us to where the issues lie, as does <em>Ulysses</em> for the <em>Odyssey</em>.\"</p> <p>Nelson indeed identifies many such issues and associations in her study. While her title states that \"Time and Identity\" are her main emphases, within any one chapter (which she more or less organizes according to correspondences between characters in the two texts), one will find many sub-themes. For instance, in chapter 1, one finds: \"Homer's Kinds of Time: Mythic and Ordinary,\" \"Joyce's Kinds of Time: Internal and External,\" \"Fluid and Fixed Identities,\" and \"The Epic Tradition and the Use of Time.\" Within these sections are subsections, and at times the sheer array of such associations and issues can feel overwhelming. This is a list of some of the other themes: from chapter 2, \"Problems with Property,\" \"Problems with Family,\" and \"The Displaced Son\"; from chapter 3, \"Names and Identities\" and \"The Role of Storytelling\"; and from chapter 4, \"The Passive Hero,\" <strong>[End Page 174]</strong> \"Deeds and Imposing Identity,\" and \"The Place of War and the Open-ended.\" The remaining two chapters also have several such headings with sub-sections. This list is intended to provide a sense of th","PeriodicalId":42413,"journal":{"name":"JAMES JOYCE QUARTERLY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}