Science of the Total Environment最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing inundation mapping with geomorphological segmentation: Filling in gaps in spectral observations.","authors":"Maria Julieta Rossi, R Willem Vervoort","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mapping inundation related to environmental water requirements is crucial for the management of Australia's river systems. Remote sensing offers key opportunities for large scale monitoring, but observation of inundation in vegetated areas is challenging due to the vegetation obstructing multispectral sensors on satellites. Several approaches have recently attempted to address this challenge. This study demonstrates a further solution based on extending surface water extent (SWE, inundation) using a novel algorithm. This algorithm uses an initial water mask (usually derived from spectral water classification) and a Probability of Depression Map derived from a LIDAR 10 m and 1 m Digital Elevation Model to extend Sentinel-2 remote sensing derived observations. Using a Probability of Depression Adaptive Threshold (PDAT), the algorithm fills gaps in the remote sensing data by growing initial remote sensing observations (seeds). The algorithm can be easily integrated into a workflow manager for full automation, using a fixed quantile probability for the seed region's PDAT. The method was tested in two contrasting study areas, the Goulburn River in Victoria and the Normanby river in Queensland (Australia), achieving precision and recall values exceeding 80 %. This compares favorably to other algorithms. The results are sensitive to morphological characteristics and elevation variation, performing better for sharply delineated water bodies. Compared to published methods, the geomorphological segmentation algorithm accommodates different water indices and vegetation types. Further development can include automatic selection of an optimal quantile probability based on zonal topographical data that could remove operator bias and further enhance adaptability and accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180180"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing evapotranspiration estimates in orchards with the Surface Energy Balance for Partially Vegetated surfaces (SEB-PV) model through combined use of gridded soil moisture and temporal upscaling methods.","authors":"Lorenzo E Cigarra-Guíñez, Octavio Lagos, Pasquale Steduto, Sebastián A Krogh, Kristen Shapiro, Camilo Souto, Mario Lillo-Saavedra, Claudio Balbontín, Daniele Zaccaria","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Surface Energy Balance for Partially Vegetated surfaces (SEB-PV) model provides accurate evapotranspiration (ET) estimates for orchard crops. However, it faces two operational limitations: requiring specific input data unavailable from conventional agro-meteorological stations and lacking an evidence-based algorithm for upscaling instantaneous ET to daily values. This study addresses these limitations by evaluating SEB-PV performance under three conditions: (1) using measured soil moisture with in-situ meteorological equipment; (2) using gridded soil moisture products (Climate Forecast System and Soil Moisture Active Passive) with in-situ meteorological equipment; (3) using gridded soil moisture products with agro-meteorological stations' data. Seven temporal upscaling methods were compared for ET estimation in commercially-produced, micro-irrigated hazelnut (Chile) and pistachio (California) orchards. A Model Decision Making Indicator (MDMI), combining Kling-Gupta efficiency and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE), is proposed to enhance parameter optimization sensitivity. SEB-PV performance using gridded soil moisture products demonstrated comparable accuracy to configurations using measured soil moisture after parameter adjustment (MDMI values >70 for hazelnuts, NRMSE ∼ 21%; >59 for pistachios, NRMSE ∼ 29%). Transitioning from in-situ meteorological measurements to agro-meteorological stations minimally impacted hazelnut orchards but required careful consideration for pistachios. Methods that upscale instantaneous ET to daily values on the basis of net radiation performed optimally for hazelnut orchards grown in Mediterranean climatic conditions (NRMSE ∼ 15%), while meteorological inputs-based methods were preferable for semi-arid pistachio orchards (NRMSE ∼ 30%). These findings show that SEB-PV can maintain acceptable accuracy using globally available datasets, improving operational applicability through guidance for input selection and temporal upscaling tailored to orchard characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1002 ","pages":"180569"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Elucidating arsenic-induced stress responses in maize genotypes: Unravelling biochemical, physiological, and nutrient homeostasis for enhanced resilience\" [Sci. Total Environ. 998 (2025) 180305].","authors":"Muhammad Ali Shah, Jiu Yang Mao, Rayyan Khan, Haseeb Ahmad, Shahid Ali, Kashif Khan, Muhammad Asad Naseer, Rida Rashid, Li Yang, Xun Bo Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":" ","pages":"180662"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global use of the Environmental Impact Quotient: A tool to indicate potential pesticide risk.","authors":"Diana Obregon, Daniela Hernandez Correal, Brian Eshenaur, Alejandro A Calixto","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) is a weighted, multi-component pesticide risk indicator (PRI) developed in 1992 by the New York State Integrated Pest Management Program (NYSIPM) at Cornell University. It serves as a decision-support tool to help growers, educators, and policymakers choose less hazardous pesticide options for farm workers, consumers, and non-target organisms. This systematic review presents data from 113 studies published between 1992 and 2024, along with Google Analytics metrics from the EIQ website, on the global use of the EIQ. Our findings indicate that the EIQ has been widely adopted, particularly in North America, and is commonly used to compare the application of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies or the implementation of genetically modified crops. The EIQ is also used to track potential pesticide risk through time and across different localities. Corn, cotton, tomato, wheat, and soybeans are the crops with the highest number of studies implementing the EIQ. The EIQ has been compared to other PRIs and shows strong agreement with those incorporating similar environmental compartments. Many authors report selecting the EIQ over other PRIs due to its straightforward implementation across diverse systems. We also highlight the limitations of the EIQ, including the asymmetric weighting of its components, the limited scoring system, and the high correlation with the application rate. Recently, the NYSIPM introduced a wider scoring system to the EIQ based on institutional hazard classifications. While the EIQ remains a widely used tool, structural updates are needed to maintain its relevance and improve its performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180235"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arsenic fate in the historic Cobalt Mining Camp, Ontario: Geochemical, mineralogical, and vegetation-related controls on metal(loid) mobility.","authors":"Melissa A H Turcotte, Heather E Jamieson, Michael B Parsons, Ryan Tappero, Derek R Knaack","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the controls on metal(loid) mobility from mine tailings and pond sediments near Cobalt, Ontario with a focus on arsenic (As), which is present at high concentrations throughout this former mining district. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses were performed on tailings from four abandoned mill sites and nearby pond sediments. The mass of readily soluble metal(loid)s in the tailings and sediments was evaluated using shake flask experiments. Horsetails (Equisetum spp.) growing on these tailings were collected for chemical characterization, backscattered electron imaging, and synchrotron-based chemical analysis. Results indicate that mineralogical hosts of As vary between depositional environments. Authigenic, oxidized phases (e.g., erythrite and an iron- and calcium-bearing arsenate) sequester As in near-surface environments. Ore minerals (e.g., cobaltite and safflorite) and authigenic reduced phases (e.g., realgar) host As in submerged tailings and anoxic pond sediments. Short-term exposure of tailings and sediments to oxidized, ultrapure water releases As from the ore minerals and reduced phases (1.31-325 mg L^-1 As; median = 19.1 mg L^-1 As). Horsetails growing on these tailings sequester As via formation of an oxidized iron-bearing plaque on the outside of the plant roots and shoots. This study demonstrates that As mobility in mine-impacted environments is controlled by geochemical reactions, mineral dissolution and precipitation, and vegetation growth. These processes must be considered when developing long-term management decisions for legacy mine sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180171"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Release of potentially harmful elements from excavated rocks with surface alteration under dry-wet cycles.","authors":"Yuto Yoshida, Hirofumi Sakanakura, Masahiko Katoh","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In construction projects, rocks containing potentially harmful elements (PHEs) may be excavated and treated for reuse. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of PHE release from excavated rocks that are to be reused is crucial. Embankments constructed using excavated rocks are primarily affected by exposure to dry-wet cycles. Herein, we aimed to 1) understand the causal relation between the surface alteration of excavated rocks caused by processes such as pyrite oxidation, fine granulation, and calcite and gypsum formation and changes in the PHE release from excavated rocks exposed to dry-wet cycles and 2) identify the changes causing variations in the amounts of different PHE species released from the involved excavated rocks. In the first month of the dry-wet cycles, pyrite oxidation, fine granulation, and gypsum formation were maximal. Progressive fine granulation with continuing dry-wet cycles led to further pyrite oxidation; however, no gypsum was formed after the first month. Fine granulation and gypsum formation did not change the amounts of PHE released. Arsenic, selenium, and cadmium were released from the excavated rocks as pyrite oxidation and fine granulation continued during dry-wet cycles. The amounts of arsenic and lead released during pyrite oxidation were minimized by iron-(hydr)oxides that precipitated, whereas the amounts of released selenium and cadmium, present in soluble forms, were not reduced. The continuous pyrite oxidation and fine granulation mainly controlled the phases of PHE and their release. Overall, the findings suggest that the changes in the amount of PHEs released due to surface alteration after the reuse of excavated rocks must be considered when evaluating their environmental risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180153"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ dosing of monochloramine in a hospital hot water system results in drastic microbial communities changes.","authors":"Marianne Grimard-Conea, Elliston Vallarino Reyes, Xavier Marchand-Senécal, Sébastien P Faucher, Michèle Prévost","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding changes in microbial composition under selective pressures is crucial to assess the emergence of resistant taxa and the survival of drinking water-associated pathogens. This study evaluated the impact of in situ monochloramine disinfection in a hospital hot water system on bacterial (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, 112 samples) and eukaryotic communities (18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, 103 samples), and on general microbial measurements (180 samples), including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and flow cytometry counts. After the onset of treatment, ATP decreased by 1.2- and 3.5-fold, and total cell counts (TCC) dropped by 1- and 2-log at distal and system sites, respectively. During the dosage interruption (27-day), TCC rebounded to pre-treatment levels, but viability percentage decreased, indicating that cells were predominantly damaged. Low-use sites (e.g., showerheads) showed elevated ATP (>15 pg/mL) and TCC (10⁵-10⁶ cells/L). Monochloramine drastically altered bacterial and eukaryotic communities. Alpha-diversity showed increased amplicon sequence variant richness during treatment, driven by new, low-abundant taxa, while Beta-diversity revealed distinct shifts in community composition over time, with tight or looser clusters corresponding to each treatment phase. Post-treatment, temporal and spatial heterogeneity was evident across distal sites, while elevated temperatures, consistent flow, and higher monochloramine concentrations in the hot water system resulted in more uniform communities at system sites. Additionally, the persistence of potential pathogenic strains belonging to Legionella and Mycobacterium genera highlights the value of comprehensive risk assessments. These findings emphasize the need to understand microbial shifts under disinfection stress and their public health implications, offering new insights into how treatment interventions shape microbial ecology and pathogen dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180204"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of acute and chronic exposure to bisphenols and PFAS on neuronal activity and network development.","authors":"Lennart V J van Melis, Arjuna R Persad, Anneloes M Peerdeman, Manon J H van Rossum, Regina G D M van Kleef, J Pepijn Wopken, Juliette Legler, Remco H S Westerink","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to bisphenols and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is linked to various health impairments, including (developmental) neurotoxicity. Evidence indicates that bisphenols and PFAS can impact early neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration, and differentiation, although little is known about the effects of these compounds on neuronal activity and network development. Therefore, we assessed the effects of acute and chronic exposure to different bisphenols (bisphenol-A (BPA), bisphenol-F (BPF), and bisphenol-S (BPS)) and PFAS (perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS)) on neuronal activity and network development in rat primary cortical cultures using micro-electrode array recordings. Acute exposure to BPA and BPF decreased neuronal activity, while BPS had no effect. Chronic exposure to 100 μM BPA decreased network development, while chronic exposure to 10 μM BPA, 100 μM BPF, and 100 μM BPS induced a hyperexcitation. Thus, differences in the molecular structure of bisphenols and exposure duration influence the effects of these compounds on neuronal activity and network development. In contrast, both acute and chronic exposure to PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS had limited effects on neuronal activity and network development. Since bisphenols and PFAS are known endocrine-disrupting compounds, we also evaluated the possible involvement of estrogen, glucocorticoid, thyroid hormone, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways in the observed neurotoxic effects. Our cortical cultures appeared insensitive to endocrine-mediated effects of (ant)agonists of these pathways, making it unlikely that the observed neurotoxic effects are endocrine-mediated. These findings contribute to hazard assessment for toxicological risk assessments and emphasize the need to consider molecular structure in evaluating neurotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"997 ","pages":"180214"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment of biomass resources for hydrogen production.","authors":"Hsien H Khoo, Eugene H Z Ho, Ken S Yap, Yang Zhao, Daren Z L Tan, Z Yeo","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy demands are steadily increasing due to rising economy and industrial developments. There is a need to replace non-renewable fossil fuels with bio-based hydrogen. This article investigates various bio‑hydrogen production processes from 5 biomass resources: i) rice straw, ii) switchgrass, iii) sugarcane bagasse, iv) wheat straw, and v) corn stalk. Case studies of 12 bio‑hydrogen pathways were evaluated via LCA approach. The LCA impacts consist of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), and Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP). The results demonstrated rice straw (RS) was the least favorable option utilized to produce 1 kg H₂ among all 12 options. Further comparisons were made concerning Energy demands, Water Footprint and Land Footprint. Normalization and Weighted scoring procedure were carried out. Among all 12 cases, the most favorable Normalized and Weighted impact scores were demonstrated by two cases (Impact scores of -7.61 and - 5.07) involving the gasification of switchgrass to produce hydrogen. A wide range of both carbon and water footprint results were displayed with the application of various bioprocesses for hydrogen generation. The wide range of results is due to the sets of varying environmental indicators applied for land and water use in LCA research areas. To further enhance the results, error analysis was also done for both energy requirements and water footprints.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1002 ","pages":"180587"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in co-selection and localization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes among Acinetobacter isolates from patients, pig waste, and the environment.","authors":"Kenneth A Bongulto, Ngure Kagia, Hisamichi Tauchi, Satoru Suzuki, Kozo Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter species are indigenous bacteria in water environments, whereas in clinical settings, they can pose a serious risk of nosocomial infection as opportunistic pathogens harboring multidrug-resistance genes. Understanding the similarities and differences in pathogenicity and drug resistance among Acinetobacter strains isolated from animals, humans, and the environment through a One Health approach is essential for mitigating their infection risk. We explored the resistome and virulome of 38 Acinetobacter isolates obtained from pigs' waste, patients, wastewater, and wastewater-impacted environments, including river and coastal area which receives wastewater effluent. Hybrid genome assemblies demonstrated distinct difference in the composition and location of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Patient- and environment-associated isolates demonstrated chromosomally integrated ARGs and genes encoding efflux pumps, whereas pig waste-associated isolates exhibited a diverse range of ARG types predominantly located on plasmid replicons. Additionally, an analysis of virulence genes (VGs) across all Acinetobacter isolates revealed that VGs are more prevalent in patient- and environment-associated isolates compared to pig waste-associated isolates. Notably, a positive correlation between the number of ARGs and VGs located on the chromosome was observed in environment-associated isolates, which may imply co-selection of ARGs and VGs. Overall, this study highlights differences in the localization and co-selection of ARGs and VGs among patient-, pig waste-, and environment- associated isolates, suggesting that Acinetobacter spp. adapted to the human body tend to possess VGs and ARGs together, while those derived from animals may preferentially harbor transferable ARGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1002 ","pages":"180627"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}