Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Visceral Fat Index on Perioperative Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Resection for Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Z. Dahong, Y. Qiang, Lv Quan, Xiang Zheng","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i2.613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i2.613","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effect of visceral fat index (VAI) on perioperative period after radical resection of colorectal cancer, and analyze the relationship between VAI and postoperative complications. At the same time, we also discussed whether the correlation between VAI and complications is superior to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and other common body fat indicators. \u0000Methods: From October 2021 to June 2022, 178 colorectal cancer patients in the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were collected. Various indexes of patients were obtained through preoperative physical examination and blood examination. VAI value was calculated by formula, because of the high triglyceride-waist-circumference phenotype (increased waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia) and visceral fat index (Vai, assessed according to waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) , it is considered a cheap and effective marker for visceral (intra-abdominal) obesity and metabolic disorders. and then divided into groups according to dichotomy. Because the visceral index grade was divided into a total of 30 grades, according to grade, into the high VAI value group (VAI grade more than 15 grades) and the low VAI group (no more than 4 grades), with 89 patients in the high VAI group; There were 89 patients in the low VAI group. The relationship between VAI value and postoperative complications of patients was discussed by using statistical methods, and whether it was better than other body fat indexes was further analyzed. \u0000Results: 178 patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 89 patients in the high VAI group and 89 patients in the low VAI group according to the dichotomy. In patients with high VAI value, the operation time was significantly prolonged (213.01 ± 63.67 vs 190.34 ± 68.69 p=0.02), and the tumor N stage was higher (p=0.04). The results of ROC curve revealed that the area under the curve of VAI value was larger than that of BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein, suggesting that the value of VAI value was higher in diagnosis. \u0000Conclusions: The increase of VAI can prolong the operation time of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery, affect the recovery of the body after surgery, and increase the risk of complications. At the same time, compared with BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein, VAI has a better prediction effect on complications, which can be popularized in clinical work.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128521776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Maternal Risk Factors for Low-Birth-Weight Neonates: A Case Control Study in Teaching Hospital","authors":"K. Srinath","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.593","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: A major factors contributing to infant deaths and morbidity is low birth weight (LBW). Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant marker for the population's general health condition and reproductive health. Maternal risk factors are controllable and vary from one region to another depending on geographic, socioeconomic, and cultural factors and are biologically, socially interrelated. \u0000Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in kalaburagi. A total of 85 cases and 85 controls with normal birth weight. Mothers of aged 18-35 years who delivered a live-born singleton baby without any congenital abnormalities and gestational age 37-42 weeks were enrolled on the same day as delivery are eligible. Mothers who had multiple pregnancies were not eligible. Data was collected from Pre-tested survey. \u0000Results: The mean age of mothers in case and control group was 23.73 years and 5.04 years. Mean weight gain during pregnancy of mothers in case and control was 4.2 kg and 6.5 kg. Mean weight of the newborn of cases and controls was 2012 grams and3065 grams respectively. Maternal education, tobacco exposure, maternal anaemia, lower socioeconomic status (class IV+V), maternal occupation (laborer), heavy physical activity, pre term birth of baby, history of UTI were identified as significant risk factors for LBW neonates. Significant association was found between age of mother, height of mother<145 cm, pre pregnancy weight <45 kg, mean weight gain (<6.5kg), prior infant death, inadequate ANC visits, and LBW. \u0000Conclusions: Health education, socio-economic development, maternal nutrition, and increasing the use of health services during pregnancy, are all important for reducing LBW.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128474271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Dispensing Pattern of OTC (Over the Counter) Medication among Community Pharmacist in Kalaburagi City","authors":"Aswathi Kurian, Faiza Tasneem, Feroz Ahmed, Gourishankar S.","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.592","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Over the counter drugs (OTC) are sold without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner. There are reports that OTC drug market in India is on the rise. This is attributed to the rising cost of healthcare, difficulty in accessing healthcare, and an alarming tendency to self-manage symptoms. The outcome of this is OTC related adverse effects, abuse and hospitalizations. \u0000Subjects and Methods: The primary objective was to assess the knowledge of drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacists. The secondary objective was to assess the knowledge regarding drug related problems of over the counter medication. The tertiary objective was to find out whether the pharmacists involving in counselling activities. A community based, observational study was conducted among community pharmacist in Kalaburagi city, to find out knowledge on dispensing pattern of OTC medication. All the community pharmacist participated in the study were provided with a data collection form including self -structured questionnaires. One week after pre-test all the community pharmacist were educated regarding OTC drugs by means of providing information leaflets about OTC drugs. Post-test has been taken after 15 days of education by means of same questionnaires. Data were entered into Excel and analyzed using SPSS software. Pre and post intervention data were compared using student’s t-test. \u0000Results: Among 110 pharmacist, males 98 (89.1%) were more compared to females 12(10.9%). The mean knowledge scores on drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacist in pre-test were 57.0% and post test is 87.6%. \u0000Conclusions: Among 110 pharmacist, males 98 (89.1%) were more compared to females 12(10.9%). The mean knowledge scores on drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacist in pre-test were 57.0% and post test is 87.6%.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124940696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in Hemodialysis Patients in Karbala Province","authors":"S. H. Sagban","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.567","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose:  The study aimed to evaluate HCV infection rates are widespread in hemodialysis patients and identify any potential HCV infection risk factors in this cohort.\u0000Methods: Hepatitis C virus statistical information was collected from the publicly accessible Karbala province/ Iraq. \u0000Results: All told, 236 dialysis patients, 150 (63.6%) male and 86 (36.4%) female, they are between the ages of 15 and 78 (44.39 + 15.06 S.D.) years. Sampling lasted from May to October 2019-2021. Each HD treatment required three to four hours, and depending on their haemodialysis facility, patients were divided into two shifts for each of their two or three weekly dialyses. Dialysis membranes were single-use, disposable devices.\u0000Conclusions: The information in this study indicated that HCV is prevalent in hemodialysis centers are comparatively high and also demonstrated that the greatest risk factor for developing HCV seems to be the duration of time undergoing hemodialysis therapy, which raises the possibility of nosocomial transmission.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127036463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-Evaluation of DDH Risk Factors in Helena Rehabilitation Center-Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq","authors":"Yusra Almas, B. Jamal, Rebaz Lak, Dldar Abdulrahamn Salih","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.569","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) comprises a spectrum of abnormalities from hip instability to frank dislocation, Hip ultrasonography prior to femoral head ossification, is recognized as an early diagnostic tool for DDH. It is safe and non-invasive procedure, keeping those babies less than 6 months of age away from radiation hazard.\u0000Subjects and Methods: From august 2021 until august 2022, we investigated 534 babies [1068 hips] by ultrasound depending on Graf method to identify DDH types. All included infants were in between 6 weeks- 6 months of age and referred due to have high risk factors. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS, version 28 and Chi- square test of association was used to compare the proportions.\u0000Results: On the bases of examining 534 babies [with high-risk groups] by ultrasound of hip, about 50.94 % of them were shown to have different types of DDH while 48.06% were normal, bilateral cases were > unilateral cases and Lt. hip >Rt. Hip were affected. Significant association was found between DDH family history (86%), breech presentation (52%)and swaddling (12%).\u0000Conclusions: It is crucial to establish the principle of selected screening programs for early detection of DDH in our society and to identify the incidence and associated risk factors for DDH in high-risk group babies between the ages of six weeks and six months in Erbil city of Kurdistan region-Iraq.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125013828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Impact of Structured Education Regarding Medication Errors among Selected Nursing Colleges of Kalaburagi","authors":"Aarti Chauhan, Afreen Fatima, A. Babu, Amal Chandra","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i1.591","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Patient safety is a significant challenge facing healthcare systems today. It is the nurse’s role to provide the best possible quality of care and patient safety. They can play an important role in identification, prevention and reporting of MEs. The study was to assess the knowledge of MEs among nursing students, to improve the knowledge of ME among nursing students and to improve the medication error reporting skills of nursing students. \u0000Subjects and Methods: It was a Prospective Eduational study conducted among 186 nursing students of 3 different nursing colleges of KALABURAGI city. Data collection form including self-structured questionnaire were used. Pre-test followed by power point presentation on all aspects of ME education was done. After a gap of 2 weeks  post test was conducted. Following evaluation, data was tempted into the Microsoft Excel Sheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0 and  paired student’s T – test and  ANOVA was applied for interpreting data . \u0000Results: Mean age of participants was 20.6 years and 96 of the students were males.100 students were from 3rd year and 86 were from 2nd year BSc nursing. Students had good knowledge and attitude towards ME and its reporting but poor practice.3rd year students had a better knowledge compared to 2nd year. In pretest mean knowledge score was 9.21.There was a statistically very highly significant difference in mean knowledge scores between pre and post-test (P<0.001). A positive change in student’s perception and practice towards ME reporting was observed in posttest. \u0000Conclusions: Despite sufficient knowledge and favorable attitude towards medication error reporting there is still an under reporting of medication error when it comes to practice.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125398023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Anti-Candida and the Cytotoxic Activity of Aloe Vera Gel Extracts","authors":"L. Al-ghazali","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i4.559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i4.559","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The research paper studies the in vitro anti-candida activity and cytotoxic effects of Aloe vera (Linn) leaves extract against melanoma and normal cell lines.\u0000Subjects and Methods: The traditional Soxhlet apparatus was used to prepare the crude plant extract using organic solvents. The agar well diffusion method was used to explore the in vitro anti-candida, and the MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxic activity.\u0000Results: With IC50 values of 250 g/ml and more than 1000 g/ml, respectively, crude extract demonstrated anti-Candida activity against Candida ((kefyr, glabrata, and albicans) in varying potencies and cytotoxic effect in B16 cell line and vero cell line.\u0000Conclusions: This study unequivocally establishes that the crude extract of Aloe vera leaves with bioactive metabolites is capable of supplying high-quality biological material for anti-Candida and anti-cancer therapeutic programs.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122331235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indications of Cesarean Section at Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital, Dhamar, Yemen","authors":"A. A. Mehrass, Aisha A. Sawal, Amani H. Al- Hajji, Manal M. Mehrass, Mosherah M. Hasan, Nawal H. Khalil, Wejdan A. Al- Razagy","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.531","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Because of the lack of information about the incidence of cesarean section and its indicators in Yemen, particularly in Dhamar Governorate, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of cesarean section and identify the most common indications for cesarean section in Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital, in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen.\u0000Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 393 at Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital to estimate the incidence and indications of cesarean section in the hospital. The data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire over a period of one month.\u0000Results: The overall rate of cesarean section was 55.5% (218/ 393). Among the 218, 61.9% were emergency while 38.1 % were elective cesarean sections. The maternal age for patients undergoing cesarean section ranged from 16 to 40 years, 23.9% were under 20 years, 66.5% were from 20- 35 years, and 9.6% were more than 35 years. The majority of mothers who gave birth by cesarean section were multigravida “43.1%” of which 42.7% (93) were multipara and 72% had no abortion. The majority of mothers had term pregnancy 90.8% (198), and 54.6% (119) had limited antenatal care. The most common indication was previous cesarean section 22.5%, followed by contracted pelvis 22% and obstructed labor 20.6%.\u0000Conclusions: In our study, the rate of cesarean section is higher than recommended by WHO. Most of them were emergency cesarean sections. The most common indication was a previous cesarean section, followed by the contracted pelvis and obstructed labor.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134045352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Common Antimicrobials against Clinical Isolates: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Ayesha Esrat, Palash Mia, T. Zerin, Md Ifrat Hossain, Shekha Nita Mondal","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.552","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In this era of COVID-19, one of the most effective protective measures to prevent respiratory diseases is maintaining hand hygiene. Moreover, the use of hand sanitizer, hand wash, antiseptics, and disinfectants increased abruptly in this outbreak. \u0000Materials & Methods: An in vitro antimicrobial potential of twelve antimicrobials were chosen for this study. They were tested for their antibacterial activity using disk diffusion and agar well diffusion methods against eleven clinical isolates from urine, wounds, tracheal aspirate, and sputum. \u0000Results: Clinical isolates were presumptively identified using standard microbiological procedures as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. Among all the antimicrobials, Savlon (family size) antiseptic disinfectant showed the highest zone of inhibition (ZOIs) against most of the bacterial isolates, followed by hand sanitizer Hexisol. Whereas, the least antimicrobial activity was observed by Savlon hand wash, Germ Kill hand sanitizer, and Dabur hand sanitizer among all the tested products. \u0000Conclusions: The variability in performance of those twelve products against bacterial pathogens revealed an urge to validate the antibacterial activity of antimicrobials and systematic monitoring of their effectiveness and uniformity in activity against pathogenic microbes.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128572856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Practices of Nurses Working in Intensive Care on Drug-Drug Interaction","authors":"A. Can, E. H. Yayan","doi":"10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v3i3.548","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose:This study was conducted to examine the knowledge and practices of nurses working in the intensive care unit about drug-drug interaction.\u0000Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with 186 intensive care nurses working in shifts in 12 intensive care units. \"Nurse information form\", \"Drug-drug interaction questionnaire\" prepared by the researcher, and \"nurse observation form\" were used in data collection. The data obtained from the study were evaluated in computer environment using frequency, percentage distribution and Chi-square test.\u0000Results:In the study, 76.3% of the nurses working in the intensive care unit reported that they did not know which of the drug pairs they encountered frequently caused drug-drug interactions. When the drugs administered by the nurses were examined, it was determined that 34.4% of them had the potential for drug-drug interaction. It was found that nurses' potential drug-drug interaction practices, staff status and working styles, and working time in the institution, profession and intensive care unit were not effective. It was determined that there were significant differences between the intensive care units (p=0.043) in the drug-drug interaction practices encountered.\u0000Conclusion:It was determined that the nurses did not have the desired level of knowledge about drug-drug interactions and interacting drug pairs, and there were differences between the intensive care units where they worked. It is recommended to increase the level of knowledge by giving regular trainings to nurses on drug-drug interaction.","PeriodicalId":422270,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126159113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}