Results in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"A review on techno-economic analysis of lignocellulosic biorefinery producing biofuels and high-value products","authors":"Ronak Patel ,&nbsp;T.S. Rajaraman ,&nbsp;Paresh H. Rana ,&nbsp;Nikita J. Ambegaonkar ,&nbsp;Sanjay Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circular Bioeconomy (CBE) has gained momentum in recent years as an alternative to conventional energy sources. Cascaded use of wastes and residues has been seen as an attractive option with low environmental impact. Specifically, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) promises to be a sustainable and abundant source of biomass. Numerous studies have been carried out with different LCBs to produce a host of biofuels and high-value products. Widespread research in the area has resulted in the development of novel conversion technologies of LCB into useful products. Despite the encouraging outcomes observed in laboratory-scale investigations, it is essential to conduct techno-economic analysis (TEA) on these processes to assess their viability for future commercialization. This review summarizes results from TEA studies on LCB-based biorefineries, with the main emphasis on biofuels (bioethanol, biohydrogen and biobutanol) and high-value products (xylitol, succinic acid, 5-HMF, and lactic acid). Effects of different parameters on the performance of LCB-based biorefineries have also been reviewed, which highlights its effect on plant economic indicators such as minimum selling price (MSP), capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), payback period (PBP) etc. Additionally, manufacturing of the above-mentioned biofuels and high-value products are discussed in brief along with challenges and possible solutions. TEA studies suggested that the MSP of biofuels, namely bioethanol (US$ 0.5–1.8/L) and biobutanol (US$ 0.5–2.2/kg), were competitive with their respective current market prices, whereas biohydrogen (US$ 9-33/kg) displayed a greater MSP. MSP of xylitol (US$ 1.5–3.1/kg), succinic acid (US$ 1.5–6.9/kg), 5-HMF (US$ 1–2/kg) and Lactic acid (US$ 0.5–1.9/kg) were competitive with their market price. Moreover, the synergetic effect of co-production was found to yield favourable economic outcomes. Key issues and opportunities for LCB-based biorefineries, in general, for CBE have also been addressed. Finally, the role of policy mechanisms, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and other data-driven technologies are also discussed in the biorefinery context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 102052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing low-cost activated carbon made from coffee waste and bagasse to remove heavy metals and methylene blue dye","authors":"Nahla. M. Salatein ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Shaaban ,&nbsp;Irene. S. Fahim","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal contamination from wastewater, mainly iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and methylene blue (MB) dye, presents a substantial risk to both human health and the environment. Biomass-sourced activated carbon, with its porous structure and environmentally friendly adsorption properties, offers a sustainable method for removing these metals. This study investigated the cost-effective removal of Fe, Cu, and MB dye from wastewater by utilizing sugarcane bagasse activated carbon (SCBAC) and espresso coffee waste activated carbon (ECWAC). The study then compared the adsorbents’ effectiveness based on variables, for instance, initial concentration, contact duration, pH, and adsorbent dosage. Batch experiments were conducted to assess the adsorption efficiency of SCBAC and ECWAC. The results showed that SCBAC outperformed ECWAC in pollutant removal. Removal efficiencies ranged from 4.8 % to 100 %. Various adsorbent ratios (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) and contact times ranging from 10 to 240 min were investigated. The findings showed that a higher adsorbent dose led to the removal of large amounts of heavy metals and MB dye, with efficiencies reaching 100 %. Kinetic studies were assessed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models to clarify the potential copper adsorption mechanism, which indicated a more rapid adsorption rate on the adsorbent, with the pseudo-second-order model exhibiting an acceptable fit for all samples. SCBAC and ECWAC had irregular, cavity-filled surfaces with BET surface areas of 403.1 and 359.1 m²/g, respectively. The FTIR spectra of SCBAC and ECWAC exhibit unique chemical compositions and functional groups, such as aromatic structures elucidating their structural characteristics and possible applications. SEM images showed that the activated carbon’s upper surface was not smooth and had many holes of different sizes and shapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 102020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Branched polyethyleneimine functionalized tin(IV)-porphyrinic complex: Synthesis, characterization and application towards acid blue 25 adsorption from water","authors":"Raoudha Soury ,&nbsp;Mahjoub Jabli ,&nbsp;Mabrouka El Oudi ,&nbsp;Ashanul Haque ,&nbsp;Khalaf M. Alenezi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Al Otaibi ,&nbsp;Fahad Abdulaziz ,&nbsp;Amor Bchetnia","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, we report the synthesis, characterization and anionic dye adsorption application of a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized (5,10,15,20 tetraphenyl porphyrinato) tin(IV) dichloride Sn(TPP)(Cl₂). The adsorbent [Sn(TPP)(Cl₂)]-PEI was prepared via a swift protocol and characterized extensively using multi-nuclear spectroscopic techniques including the ¹H NMR, FT-IR and UV–Vis spectroscopic techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed that the addition of PEI to the Sn-porphyrin complex did not affect its crystallinity. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that the morphological characteristics of Sn(TPP)Cl₂ and [Sn(TPP)(Cl₂)]-PEI were different. The prepared material was tested for its ability to adsorb Acid Blue 25, an anionic dye, from water. The adsorption results showed a significant enhancement in the adsorption capacity of the resulting material.<!--> <!-->Under optimized conditions (pH = 5, time = 60 min., and T = 295.15 K), the adsorption capacity of [Sn(TPP)(Cl₂)]-PEI was 208 mg/g while it was 14 mg/g for [Sn(TPP)(Cl₂)]. The fitting of the adsorption data indicated that the process followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir equations. Overall, we reported a simple and cost-effective method for<!--> <!-->efficient adsorbent for removing anionic dyes from contaminated water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 102022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent synthesis of cyclic ketones via a ring-closing metathesis and oxidation method","authors":"Jorge Cruz-Huerta ,&nbsp;Ericka Santacruz ,&nbsp;Alejandro Castro ,&nbsp;Jorge García-Dávila ,&nbsp;Amado Grandes-Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allylation of aldehydes was employed in combination with ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and oxidation reactions to achieve the synthesis of cyclic conjugated ketones. The synthetic strategy involved RCM of the mutual homoallylic alcohol intermediate followed by oxidation reaction to afford the six-membered cyclic enone. Moreover, when oxidation and RCM were completed successively, the five-membered cyclic enone was obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal (Pb, Ni, Cd) elimination from water and wastewater using an antibacterial modified cellulose filter paper as an efficient filtration membrane technology: A portable filtration with high selectivity","authors":"Milad Kazemnejadi","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study demonstrates that cellulose filter paper modified with covalently chelating ligands (FP@Si@SaPh) is highly effective in removing Ni, Pb, and Cd ions from aqueous environments. Optimal adsorption efficiency for these metals was achieved at pH 6–7 at room temperature, with the adsorption order being Pb &gt; Cd &gt; Ni. FP@Si@SaPh can be regenerated using an EDTA solution and reused without significant loss in adsorption efficiency. Isotherm analyses revealed that the adsorption of Ni and Cd conforms to both Freundlich and Langmuir models, while Pb adsorption aligns best with the Langmuir isotherm. Investigating the adsorption mechanism by high resolution XPS analyzes showed that the adsorption was done both through coordination with Schiff base ligands and through non-bonding electron pairs of N and O atoms on the surface of filter paper. Tests on shrinkage and swellability confirmed that the filter paper maintains its quality through multiple wetting and drying cycles, allowing for repeated use, wherein 0.9 mg/L and 0.4 cm changes in swellability and shrinkage was observed after five consecutive cycles. Additionally, the filter paper demonstrates high selectivity for Ni and is suitable for selective heavy metal adsorption. Its antibacterial properties against Escherichia Coli bacteria suggest potential application in household water purification systems, where it can remove heavy metals and inhibit bacterial growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular structure, UV–Visible spectra and other molecular properties of (E)-2-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide and its n-methyl variant by using DFT methods","authors":"K. Srishailam ,&nbsp;L. Ravindranath ,&nbsp;Gaddam. Ramesh ,&nbsp;D. Praveena ,&nbsp;Sunil kumar V ,&nbsp;Danikonda.Suresh Kumar ,&nbsp;S. Muthu ,&nbsp;G.Ramana Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary aim of the present work is to make a theoretical evaluation of electronic structure for 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (HMHC) and 2-(2-hydroxy-5methoxybenzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (HMNHC). Subsequently, we also aim to compute molecular electronic properties such as FMO, NBO, NLO, MESP and Fukui functions to compare them with their corresponding experimental values, wherever available. To this end we made geometry optimization for HMHC and HMNHC using DFT/B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) formalism. The computations identified the existence of both intra-molecular and bifurcated intra-molecular hydrogen bonds in both the molecules. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) was employed to simulate Ultra-Violet spectra for both HMHC and HMNHC in order to substantiate experimental spectra in a solution of dimethyl formamide. For the two compounds under investigation, specific global reactivity descriptors were estimated with the help of frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis to understand the origin of UV–Vis spectra. Nonlinear optical (NLO) profile, for each of the two molecules, was computed, with in the frame work of the DFT/B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) formalism to determine their utility for NLO applications. NBO analysis of hyper conjugate interactions made it possible to interpret the molecules NLO behavior in terms of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The reactive sites around the molecules were identified using Fukui function investigations. It is heartening to note that all parameters computed in this work for both HMHC and HMNHC compare reasonably well with their available experimental values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 102026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating lead leaching from uPVC pipes into drinking water: Characterization with SEM-EDX and ICP-OES","authors":"Yassin T.H. Mehdar","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC), has become a popular choice for piping systems due to its numerous advantages. Its prevalence in the piping industry is a testament to its versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness. These uPVC pipes are generally considered safe for use in many applications, there are some health concerns associated with them. One of the main components of uPVC is lead (Pb), which is used as a stabilizer in the manufacturing process. Lead can be leached from these pipes into drinking water, influenced by many factors such as temperature and time. Furthermore, there are many studies about lead exposure and its damage to the kidneys and reproductive system, as well as contributing to elevated blood pressure and hypertension.</div><div>This study investigates the presence of lead and its leaching rate from some uPVC pipes into drinking water under different conditions of temperature and time. Inductively coupled plasma −optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine the concentration of Pb in water. In addition, elemental mapping obtained using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was utilized to determine the weight percentages of Lead (Pb) on the inner surfaces of the uPVC pipes.</div><div>The novelty of this study lies in several key aspects that distinguish it from existing literature. It utilizes locally sourced uPVC pipes, which have different manufacturing processes, raw materials, and stabilizers compared to those investigated in previous research. This regional specificity offers new insights that are directly relevant to local public health and regulatory standards. The use of local pipes fills a significant gap in current literature, reflecting regional variations in manufacturing practices.</div><div>In addition, this study employs a dual-method approach, combining ICP-OES for accurate quantification of lead concentration in water with SEM-EDX for detailed elemental mapping. EDX provides valuable insights into the spatial distribution of lead on pipe surfaces, complementing the quantitative data from ICP-OES. This dual methodology enhances the robustness and comprehensiveness of our findings, offering a more holistic understanding of lead leaching dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of cellulose from Forsskaolea tenacissima L through alkalization and bleaching processes: Characterization, and application to the adsorption of hazardous cationic dyes from water","authors":"Afnan Altwala,&nbsp;Mahjoub Jabli","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.102010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.102010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellulose is an interesting biopolymer due to its employment in many motivating applications such as composites, pharmacy, textiles, decolorization, etc. The current work describes the extraction of fibrillated cellulose from <em>Forsskaolea tenacissima</em> leaves using alkalization and bleaching processes. The techniques of SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and TGA-DTA were used to analyze the untreated substrates and the extracted fibrillated cellulose. FT-IR data indicated that, after alkalization and bleaching processes, lignin and hemicellulose initially present in untreated leaves, were removed. The crystallinity index [CrI (%)] values calculated for extracted fibrillated cellulose and <em>Forsskaolea tenacissima</em> leaves were equal to 42.85 % and 23.2 %, respectively. The high CrI value calculated for the extracted fibers demonstrated the removal of the amorphous components in untreated leaves. TGA analysis showed that alkalization and bleaching processes affected the thermal events. At equilibrium, the adsorption capacities of bleached fibers were 220 mg/g and 185 mg/g for methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. The adsorption process was exothermic and non-spontaneous. Overall, the adsorption results confirmed that the extracted fibers could be used as effective adsorbents of cationic dyes from water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 102010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye in a recirculating slurry-type reactor","authors":"F. Shokry ,&nbsp;M. El-Gedawy ,&nbsp;S.A. Nosier ,&nbsp;M.H. Abdel-Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the photocatalytic degradation of wastewater containing methyl violet dye in a recirculating slurry-type reactor using commercial TiO₂ as the photocatalyst under ultraviolet irradiation. The effects of initial dye concentration (10 – 80 ppm), photocatalyst dosage (0.2 – 1 g/L), solution pH (2 – 11), and flow rate (2 – 4 L/min) on degradation efficiency were thoroughly assessed. Results showed that degradation efficiency increased with pH, peaking at neutral pH (7), before declining at higher values. Similarly, catalyst loading up to 1 g/L enhanced efficiency, but further increases caused a decline. Higher solution flow rates improved mass transfer by increasing turbulence, leading to enhanced degradation efficiency. Optimal conditions (neutral pH, 1 g/L catalyst loading, and 4 L/min flow rate) achieved complete decolorization of a 10-ppm dye solution. These findings highlight the feasibility of achieving high degradation efficiencies under practical conditions, supporting the potential for industrial-scale application in effluent treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal optimization and exergy efficiency of two new parabolic solar collectors using response surface methodology","authors":"Samaneh Baharloui,&nbsp;Mohammad Mohsen Peiravi,&nbsp;Mofid Gorji bandpy","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examined problems regarding enhancement of the thermal efficiency, performance examination and optimization of parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) based on implementation of TiO₂ nanofluids and new design of two collectors. This new design aims to enhance efficiency of PTSC by increasing the amount of absorbed radiation or reducing the heat loss from the collector. This research examines the heat transfer performance of PTSC influence of different baffle types, including circular and trapezoidal shapes, integrated with turbulent nanofluid flow in the receiver tube. The inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid was set at 120 °C, with the outlet temperature fluctuating between 250 °C to 450 °C. 3D computational fluid dynamics simulations using Ansys Fluent software and optimization process based on response surface methodology (RSM) using Design Expert analysis investigated entropy, thermal power, exergy efficiency, thermal efficiency and effective Prandtl number (Pr) for various solar panel configurations. The results illustrate the new design using circular collectors integrate with Nano particle increases the pressure drop but significantly improves the heat rate up to <span><math><mrow><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1075.6</mn><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>. Also, the performance of exergy efficiency improved for the collector mounted circular baffle by <span><math><mrow><mn>30.45</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, absorbed heat rate for solar concentrator collectors mounted circular baffles is <span><math><mrow><mn>72.2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> more than the trapezoid baffles. Moreover, the maximum and minimum thermal efficiency for collector mounted circular baffle are 71.7221 and 53.8437 respectively, also, for trapezoid baffles are 69.5789 and 64.0418, respectively. Finally, the max rate of Re is <span><math><mrow><mn>6.95</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> for PTSC including trapezoidal baffles. Thermal power collector with circular baffle has performed up to 4 % more than trapezoidal baffles. The maximum thermal efficiency is <span><math><mrow><mn>4.7</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> for PTSC mounted circular baffles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}