Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Synthesis and Activity of Novel Pyrazole/Pyrrole Carboxamides Containing a Dinitrogen Six-Membered Heterocyclic as Succinate Dehydrogenase and Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors against Colletotrichum camelliae","authors":"Kuai Chen, Dandan Song, Detan Shi, Longju Li, Zhibing Wu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c02618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c02618","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrazole carboxamide derivatives were initially extensively studied as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs). In the present study, a series of pyrazole/pyrrole carboxamides containing a dinitrogen six-membered heterocyclic were designed based on our reported active skeletons with dual mode of action. Bioactivity results showed that the target compound <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> demonstrated superior antifungal efficacy against <i>Colletotrichum camelliae</i> (<i>C. camelliae</i>) with an EC₅₀ value of 6.0 mg/L. The <i>in vivo</i> protective activity of <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> was 74.7% at 100 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> could disrupt the surface morphology of the mycelia and cause lipid peroxidation of cell membrane, which was further verified by the determination of relative conductivity and malondialdehyde contents. Combined with ergosterol content, docking results between <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> with SDH and CYP51, and the IC₅₀ value of <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> for SDH (9.7 mg/L), it is concluded that <b>Q</b>_<b>18</b> is a potential SDHI and ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor. Thus, the present study provides fresh insight into the study of derivatives of the amides.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, Target Isolation of Triterpenes in the Anti-inflammatory Fraction of Salvia rosmarinus via UPLC-Orbitrap MS/MS Coupled with GNPS","authors":"Qingjiang Xu, Jiachen Liu, Xin Wang, Yue jiao, Yonghong Zhang, Xiaoya Shang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12650","url":null,"abstract":"Isolation of the effective anti-inflammatory fraction of <i>Salvia rosmarinus</i> (rosemary) was guided by its anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, as an in vitro inflammation model, and its chemical components were systematically characterized by UPLC-Orbitrap MS/MS coupled with GNPS. Eighty-three triterpenoids were identified, among which 51 were separated and elucidated, including 10 new compounds and six triterpenoids that exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity. The mass spectrometry fragmentation pathways of the five types of compounds were analyzed and their anti-inflammatory structure–activity relationship of the separated compounds was explored. The results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of rosemary is not mainly exerted by a few main components, such as ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, as previously reported, but is the result of the synergistic effect of many triterpenoids. The findings of the study provide a scientific basis for the development of rosemary anti-inflammatory functional foods.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignosulfonate Improves Soil Fertility by Promoting Exchangeable Al3+ Immobilization and Facilitating Its Interaction with Soil Enzymes through Active Functional Group Surfaces","authors":"Debo He, Bo Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00953","url":null,"abstract":"Soil acidification threatens soil health and sustainable agriculture, and conventional mitigation strategies have various limitations, underscoring the need for the creation of more effective and sustainable alternatives. In this study, we evaluated the effects of calcium lignosulfonate (CL) on the physicochemical properties of acidic soils (Rs, K₂j, and J₂s) through pot experiments. Additionally, molecular modeling calculations were employed to investigate the interaction mechanisms between CL and soil exchangeable acidity and active enzyme. The results showed that CL was superior to lime in reducing phytotoxic exchangeable Al³⁺, enhancing soil acidification buffering capacity, and improving soil fertility and plant biomass accumulation. These benefits were attributed to the strong competitive adsorption of exchangeable Al³⁺ by the CL surface active functional groups, enhanced interactions between CL and soil enzymes, and the restructuring of microbial communities. These findings provide valuable insights for developing efficient soil amendments to mitigate the effects of acidification, ultimately enhancing soil health and agricultural productivity.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoxanthin Targets β1 Integrin to Disrupt Adhesion and Migration in Human Glioma Cells","authors":"Hui Huang, Wen Zhang, Qifang Wu, Lin Zhang, Yu Wu, Haibin Tong, Meng Su","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c10108","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor, is marked by high invasiveness and metastasis, posing significant challenges in treatment. Fucoxanthin, a carotenoid derived from brown macroalgae, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in cancer therapy; however, its precise mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, we explored the inhibitory effects of fucoxanthin on integrin-mediated adhesion and migration in human glioma U-87 MG cells, shedding light on its potential antimetastatic properties. Our data indicated that fucoxanthin at 1 μM did not affect cell viability but inhibited integrin-mediated adhesion of human glioma U-87 MG cells to fibronectin, a key extracellular matrix (ECM) ligand for integrins, without affecting adhesion to poly-<span>l</span>-lysine, a nonintegrin ligand, indicating its selective impact on integrin-mediated adhesion. Fucoxanthin treatment significantly reduced the size and number of focal adhesions (FA), which play a central role in cell adhesion and migration. In addition, fucoxanthin significantly impaired U-87 MG cell migratory capacity, including a reduced accumulated migration distance and velocity, determined by time-lapse videomicroscopy. Further, fucoxanthin remarkably inhibited integrin engagement-mediated actin polymerization, Vav3 phosphorylation, and the downstream activation of Rac1, FAK, and paxillin, further supporting its role in disrupting integrin signaling and cytoskeletal remodeling. Additionally, complementary experiments utilizing protein binding assays, competitive ELISA, CETSA, DARTS, and MST collectively confirmed the direct interaction between fucoxanthin and β1 integrin as well as reduced ligand affinity of β1 integrin for fibronectin. The theoretical model of molecular docking and the dynamics simulation align with our experimental findings, providing a plausible mechanism by which fucoxanthin competitively inhibits the binding of β1 integrin to fibronectin. In summary, our study highlights fucoxanthin as a promising therapeutic agent that impairs integrin-mediated adhesion and migration in glioblastoma cells by directly targeting β1 integrin and disrupting integrin signaling pathways. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential of fucoxanthin as an antimetastatic agent in glioblastoma treatment.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-Tuning the Active-Site Microenvironment of β-Galactosidase to Enhance the Synthesis Ability of Galactooligosaccharides while Minimizing the Impairment to Transglycosylation Activity","authors":"Xiangpeng Yang, Xiangrui Wu, Zezhou Jiang, Kui Wang, Yizhou Liu, Zongmin Qin, Sufang Zhang, Yuhuan Liu, Lichuang Cao","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00679","url":null,"abstract":"Most reported mutations at −1 subsites of β-galactosidases that improved galactooligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis ability significantly reduced total activity (e.g., &lt;10%), likely due to the introduction of significant disturbances within the active-site microenvironment. In this study, a fine-tuning strategy encompassing aromatic residue interchange as well as substitution among T, S, and A was proposed and subsequently evaluated in Bgal1–3 and three commercial β-galactosidases. For each of them, 2–4 positive mutants were acquired with residual activities of 30–357%. When 40% (w/v) lactose was employed as a substrate, their GOS yields were 1.2–18% higher than those of wild types. Moreover, the best mutants produced greater amounts of GOS in skim milk (2.9–11.8 g/L higher) at a lactose conversion rate of 90%. Ultimately, a mutation set (∼14 mutations) was designed for the convenience of using this approach in other glycoside hydrolases. This fine-tuning strategy may hold great potential for promoting the enzymatic synthesis of valuable carbohydrate-containing compounds.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chestnut Nonstarch Polysaccharides Enhance Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Modulate Gut Microbiota to Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice","authors":"Yaxi Chen, Huijie Fang, Liwen Wang, Wenlong Yu, Yaxin Sang, Xianghong Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c02115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c02115","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the biological activity of chestnut nonstarch polysaccharide (CNP) after removing starch. CNP was isolated from chestnut, with its monosaccharide composition identified as rhamnose, mannose, fructose, glucuronic acid, ribose, and galacturonic acid. Animal experiments showed that CNP can significantly alleviate the inflammatory response induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC). CNP alleviates colitis in mice by boosting antioxidant enzymes, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, strengthening the intestinal barrier via tight junction proteins, and suppressing inflammation through the PI3K/NF-κB pathway. Results from 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that CNP intake significantly improved the richness and composition of the gut microbial community. These findings suggest that CNP exerts a protective effect against DSS-induced colitis by enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, mitigating oxidative stress, regulating cytokine levels, and restoring gut microbial balance. The results of this study highlight the important application value of CNP in the development of functional foods.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kumquat Flavonoids Attenuate Atherosclerosis in ApoE–/– Mice by Inhibiting the Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome through Upregulating MicroRNA-145","authors":"Linhai Cao, Junli Chen, Hongxia Ni, Xiaoxiao Gong, Ziyan Zang, Hui Chang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00295","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis (AS) is widely recognized as a consequence of chronic inflammation, with the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome playing a pivotal role in mediating this inflammatory response. Kumquat flavonoids (KFs), the primary active ingredients in kumquat, have demonstrated potential in modulating inflammation and may help prevent AS. Herein, this study aimed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of KFs on AS using an ApoE^–/– mouse model fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFCD) and the mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cell (MOVAS) inflammation model induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Our results show that KFs significantly reduced serum lipid levels and suppressed the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines in ApoE^–/– mice. Notably, KFs also decreased the area of atherosclerotic lesions and plaque formation in the aorta of ApoE^–/– mice. Additionally, <i>in vivo</i> (mouse aortic tissue) and <i>in vitro</i> (MOVAS cells), KFs were found to inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and simultaneously upregulate microRNA-145 (miR-145). In conclusion, our findings suggest that KFs exert their inhibitory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome through upregulating miR-145, thereby alleviating the progression of AS.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Three Diverse Glycogen Branching Enzymes for Efficient Generation of Highly Surface Branched Starch Granules with Enhanced Digestive Resistance","authors":"Yu Tian, Saadia Riaz, Edita Jurak, Marc J.E.C. van der Maarel, Andreas Blennow, Birte Svensson, Marie Sofie Møller, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00999","url":null,"abstract":"Glycogen branching enzymes (GBEs) are widely applied to functionalize starch. However, modification of granular starch is challenging, and among GBEs, so far, only GBEs from <i>Geobacillus thermoglucosidans</i> (<i>Gt</i>GBE) and <i>Rhodothermus obamensis</i> (<i>Ro</i>GBE) have been used. To further develop their modification, starch granules of waxy, normal, and three types of high-amylose maize starches were treated with GBEs from <i>Petrotoga mobilis</i> (<i>Pm</i>GBE), <i>Rhodothermus marinus</i> (<i>Rm</i>GBE), and <i>Ro</i>GBE as a benchmark. <i>Pm</i>BE most effectively and rapidly added short branches, causing a reduced crystallinity and surface order of the starch granules. Furthermore, digestibility analysis indicated that <i>Pm</i>GBE boosted the content of resistant starch. Along with its high activity, <i>Pm</i>GBE showed a superior binding capacity to starch granules. Based on structural comparison, surface binding sites and the N-terminal domain of unknown function in <i>Pm</i>GBE are proposed to influence activity and substrate specificity. Thus, <i>Pm</i>GBE showed potential as an effective tool for the future modification of starch granules.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Grape Berry Peel Resistance to Botrytis cinerea: A Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Perspective","authors":"Hongyi Ma, Chengnan Li, Shan Li, Yulei Zhao, Wenling Ma, Rui Wang, Ningning Guo, Wenkong Yao, Xiao Yin","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12810","url":null,"abstract":"The fruit peel serves as the frontline defense of grapes against pathogens like <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, yet its defense mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study reveals novel resistance mechanisms underlying peel immunity through comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of <i>Vitis amurensis</i> “Bei Binghong” (BH) and <i>V. vinifera</i> “Red Globe” (RG). The analysis identified 1277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 38 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), primarily associated with secondary metabolic processes and plant hormone signaling pathways. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) uncovered three key modules and several novel hub genes. Crucially, transcriptomic profiling identified <i>VaWRKY20</i> as a central regulator. Postinfection, upregulated genes and metabolites were involved in salicylic acid (SA), lignin, and stilbene biosynthesis in BH, as well as enhanced resistance through overexpression of <i>VaWRKY20</i>. A conceptual model for <i>V. amurensis</i> defense against <i>B. cinerea</i> was proposed, providing novel insights into grapevine defense mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De Novo Artificial Biosynthesis of 3-Hydroxyphloretin in Escherichia coli","authors":"Juhee Won, Byeongsan Lee, Beomcheol Park, Jungoh Ahn, Bang Yeon Hwang, Jae-Hyuk Jang, Young-Soo Hong","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c01962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c01962","url":null,"abstract":"3-Hydroxyphloretin (3-OH phloretin), a dihydrochalcone compound containing a catechol moiety, is naturally present in apples and exhibits potent anti-adipogenic, anti-obesity, and anticancer activities. In this study, we developed a modular co-culture platform enabling the de novo biosynthesis of 3-OH phloretin from glucose in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. We demonstrated that 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (Sam5), derived from <i>Saccharothrix espanaensis</i>, efficiently catalyzes the hydroxylation of phloretin to 3-OH phloretin. The engineered co-culture system comprised two functional modules: an upstream module that converts <span>l</span>-tyrosine to phloretic acid through the expression of tyrosine ammonia-lyase and enoate reductase genes, and a downstream module that converts phloretic acid to 3-OH phloretin via the sequential action of 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, a mutated chalcone synthase, and Sam5. Using this system, we successfully achieved the de novo production of 3-OH phloretin at a titer of 4.69 mg/L from glucose. In parallel, the artificial biosynthetic pathway also yielded phloretic acid and 3-hydroxyphloretic acid (3-OH phloretic acid) at titers of 161.7 and 176.2 mg/L, respectively, in an engineered <span>l</span>-tyrosine-overproducing <i>E. coli</i> strain. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first successful establishment of an artificial biosynthetic route for the production of both 3-OH phloretic acid and 3-OH phloretin directly from glucose in <i>E. coli</i>. This platform lays the groundwork for the microbial production of valuable dihydrochalcone compounds and holds promise for further optimization toward industrial-scale applications.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}