Renewable Energy最新文献

{"title":"Bridging climate modeling and Artificial Intelligence for enhanced renewable energy forecasting and siting","authors":"Camilla Lops ,&nbsp;Ida Bruno ,&nbsp;Maira Aracne ,&nbsp;Mariano Pierantozzi","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accelerating transition toward electrification and decarbonization increases the need for accurate, scalable forecasting tools to guide renewable energy deployment. Most existing approaches treat climate prediction and spatial suitability analysis as independent tasks, constraining the integration of short-term forecasts into site selection frameworks. This study addresses this gap by investigating how Artificial Intelligence, specifically Gated Recurrent Units, can enhance renewable energy site planning through improved short-term climatic forecasting embedded into spatial decision-making frameworks. The primary contribution lies in directly integrating Machine Learning-based climate predictions with physics-based energy production models within a unified multi-criteria framework applicable to both photovoltaic and wind technologies. The proposed models predict key climatic variables (solar irradiance, temperature, wind speed, and direction) over a 3-day horizon. Performance is evaluated by comparing Machine Learning forecasts and a regional climate model against weather-station observations at two Italian sites. Results demonstrate substantial improvements: for photovoltaic systems, prediction errors decrease by 11%–60% with consistently higher correlations across seasons; for wind energy, errors decrease by 13%–27%. By coupling data-driven climate forecasting with physics-based energy models, the framework enhances the accuracy, robustness, and spatial relevance of renewable energy assessments, providing more reliable support for site planning and grid integration decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125354"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable carbon-based composites for hydrogen evolution: catalyst engineering and performance enhancement pathways","authors":"Ning Yang ,&nbsp;Yifan Hu ,&nbsp;Yuanjing Zhao ,&nbsp;Ziqi Wei ,&nbsp;Jingyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Bowen Wang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaoxuan Shang ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 is a central global objective that is accelerating the transition to sustainable hydrogen. Water electrolysis, particularly the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), offers a promising pathway for clean hydrogen production. Nonetheless, high catalyst cost, limited durability, and sluggish alkaline kinetics remain significant obstacles. This review systematically examines the design and application of carbon-based composite catalysts for HER, spanning carbon-based materials and electrodes to hydrogen production devices and, ultimately, the broader hydrogen energy system. We also outline upgrade pathways for hydrogen production devices and optimization strategies for the hydrogen energy system, with particular attention to China's growing energy demand and continued dependence on fossil fuels. We analyze advanced structural strategies, including transition-metal doping (e.g., iron, cobalt, and nickel), heteroatom modification (e.g., nitrogen-doped graphene), and hierarchical architectures (e.g., three-dimensional porous frameworks and single-atom catalysts). The latest progress in the development and optimization of catalyst materials was summarized, with an emphasis on methods to improve catalytic activity and stability. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of four electrolyzer types. In addition, we provide an overview of the global hydrogen landscape, with emphasis on China's progress in hydrogen production, storage, and utilization. This review highlights the roles of heteroatom doping, active-site engineering, and synergy between the electrolyte and the catalyst in improving HER performance. We examine the effects of temperature management and flow-channel design on hydrogen production devices within integrated systems that leverage artificial intelligence and multi-energy coupling. Finally, we discuss current limitations of water electrolysis for hydrogen production and outline future directions, including improving catalyst robustness under complex conditions, reducing production costs, simplifying synthesis methods, upgrading the design of existing hydrogen production devices, adopting interdisciplinary approaches for mechanism analysis, integrating artificial intelligence with regional, large-scale hydrogen energy systems, and reducing avoidable hydrogen energy losses to improve efficiency. These insights aim to advance water electrolysis technology, support the global carbon-neutrality goal, and guide future research on sustainable hydrogen production. Compared with previous reviews that mainly focus on catalyst synthesis and intrinsic activity, this work uniquely bridges carbon-based catalyst design with electrode engineering, electrolyzer technologies, and hydrogen energy systems, providing a unified framework to accelerate the development of efficient, durable, and scalable hydrogen production for global carbon-neutrality goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125425"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CFD-based spatiotemporal mapping of dust deposition on solar fields using unsupervised clustering for targeted cleaning","authors":"Hamza Fiaz ,&nbsp;Fahim Abdul Gafoor ,&nbsp;Ali AlMasabai ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Liatsis ,&nbsp;TieJun Zhang ,&nbsp;Maryam R. AlShehhi","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional mirror cleaning strategies for solar power plants are water-intensive and costly, so targeted cleaning is desired by identifying the dust-concentrated solar collectors. This paper utilizes a two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach integrated with unsupervised clustering to predict the dust distribution on the solar field at a 100 MW-scale concentrated solar power (CSP) plant. The meteorological data (wind speed, direction, and relative humidity) recorded over a full year and geometrical parameters (size, layout, and number of solar collectors) are sourced directly from an operational CSP plant to develop a high-fidelity simulation model. Two distinct cleaning cycles (4 days each) for solar collectors with and without sandstorm are evaluated for model validation. Our results indicate that the root mean square error (RMSE) of model for the regular cleaning cycle varies from 7.1% to 8.1%, while for the irregular cleaning cycle (with sandstorm), it varies from 7.2% to 12.4% between the first and the last day of the cleaning cycle respectively. The proposed CFD approach is employed to generate spatially varying reflectivity data across weather conditions (varying wind speeds, humidity levels, and wind directions), effectively eliminating the need of expensive experimental setups. Unsupervised clustering is then utilized to classify the inherent trends between the meteorological conditions and reflectance loss. Based on this analysis, a dust distribution model featuring five distinct classes is developed to predict dust accumulation on solar mirrors throughout the year, enabling sustainable targeted cleaning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125368"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the role of renewable-based energy innovation, economic growth, and political risk in shaping Japan's load capacity factor: A wavelet-based quantile analysis","authors":"Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi ,&nbsp;Dilber Uzun Ozsahin","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how renewable-based-energy innovation influences ecological sustainability remains a critical yet underexplored issue. This study fills this gap by examining the effects of renewable-based-energy innovation, political risk, and economic growth on load capacity factor (LF) in Japan. It further advances existing literature through a disaggregated analysis of renewable-based-energy innovation specifically solar, wind, and biomass innovation, to assess their individual environmental impacts. Given the non-normal distribution of the dataset and the need to capture heterogeneous relationships, this study used recently introduced wavelet based-quantile methodologies: wavelet-quantile Phillips-Perron, wavelet-quantile regression and wavelet-quantile correlation. The empirical results indicate that biomass and solar innovations enhance ecological quality by increasing LF across all quantiles and horizons, while economic growth reduces ecological quality, reflecting ongoing environmental pressures from expansion. Wind innovation shows a negative short-term impact but becomes beneficial in the medium and long terms, reflecting technological gains. Conversely, political risk exerts mixed short-term effects but negatively affects ecological quality in the long term, indicating that persistent instability undermines environmental governance. These findings emphasize the need to expand investment in biomass and solar technologies, introduce short-term support for wind energy to manage initial ecological costs, and strengthen political and institutional stability for sustained ecological gains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125400"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and techno-economic analysis of an innovative U-shaped geothermal system with artificial geyser","authors":"Ziming Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Xiao ,&nbsp;Liming Fan ,&nbsp;Zihao Niu ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Yan ,&nbsp;Wenshuai Xu ,&nbsp;Lei Han ,&nbsp;Lizhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geothermal energy from hot dry rock is a sustainable energy source with vast reserves in the Earth's crust. Open-loop geothermal systems can extract geothermal energy on a large scale but pose serious environmental problems, whereas closed-loop systems with multiple branches for enhanced heat extraction performance suffer from high pumping power consumption. This study proposes an artificial geyser U-shaped geothermal system to address prior limitations of common closed-loop systems. The flashing chamber design realizes natural circulation to reduce investment and operational costs. A validated numerical model shows that a well of 5 km depth and 0.06 K m⁻¹ temperature gradient can generate up to 1.4 MW of power by the steam turbine, while 50–400 kW by the thermoelectric generator, depending on geothermal gradients and cold-side fluids. By retrofitting abandoned oil and gas wells to significantly reduce the drilling costs, the system's levelized cost of electricity is $0.1 kWh⁻¹ at a turbine power output of 700 kW. The discounted payback period is 15 years when the electricity price is $0.2 kWh⁻¹. The above results show that this system offers a good balance between capacity and cost-effectiveness. This work advances geothermal energy development through sustainable, low-carbon, and low-risk pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125349"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance study and assembly optimization of tandem two-cylinder energy harvesting systems utilizing flow-induced vibration","authors":"Kai Guo ,&nbsp;Wenzhe Dong ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Hongsheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we propose and thoroughly examine the efficacy of tandem piezoelectric wind energy harvester system. A novel assembly of two-set system is proposed to establish stable high efficiency energy harvesting. As to two tandem cylinder system, three regimes are identified: in Regime I (1.3≤<em>L/D</em> ≤ 1.5), the upstream cylinder exhibits galloping, while the downstream cylinder undergoes combined vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and wake-induced galloping (WIG); in Regime II (2.0≤<em>L/D</em> ≤ 3.0), the upstream cylinder behaves combined or separated VIV and WIG, while the downstream cylinder only shows combine VIV and WIG; in Regime III (3.0&lt;<em>L/D</em> ≤ 4.0), the upstream cylinder transitions to a typical VIV state, and the downstream cylinder experiences separated VIV and WIG. Base on the flow-induced vibration regimes of two-cylinder system, a novel assembly strategy is proposed to enhance the overall performance in practical applications. Notably, the assembly of two-set modules achieves a maximum output power of 4.48 mW at <em>U</em> = 10 m/s and a maximum efficiency of 6.16% at <em>U</em> = 2.7 m/s when the assembly distance is 1.3. It even attains a higher efficiency of 7.14% at <em>U</em> = 1.8 m/s when the assembly distance is 3.0. The new design can make all cylinders fall into contiguous VIV-WIG mechanism, and exhibits higher efficiency and power in a broad range of wind velocity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125346"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spot price fluctuations of battery-grade lithium carbonate and supply chain disruptions: The survival game of new energy enterprises","authors":"Boqiang Lin ,&nbsp;Jiangnan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid the global energy transition, China's new energy industry has rapidly grown. Lithium-ion batteries, central to new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, rely on battery-grade lithium carbonate as a core material. From 2020 to 2023, the spot price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fluctuated drastically, from stagnation and recovery to sharp rises and declines, disrupting the new energy supply chain. This underscores the need to strengthen the security of the industry and supply chain. Our study, based on data from new energy listed companies for eight quarters from Q2 2021 to Q1 2023, uses fixed effect models and generalized additive models to explore the relationship between the spot price fluctuations of battery-grade lithium carbonate and the inventory turnover time of new energy enterprises. The study finds that first, changes in battery-grade lithium carbonate prices exert a significant negative impact on enterprises' inventory turnover time. Second, enterprises with weaker bargaining power adopt more aggressive inventory reduction strategies. Third, during the early stage of lithium carbonate price surges, some companies engaged in stockpiling to alleviate potential subsequent inventory pressure, which ultimately led to over-adjusted turnover times in later periods. Compared to previous literature, this paper breaks through the linear analysis paradigm and reveals the underlying changes in supply chain shocks through the GAM model, providing new empirical evidence for the management of new energy supply chains. We advocate for a collaborative mechanism to mitigate supply chain shocks from price fluctuations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125372"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-dimensional sustainability assessment framework for offshore wind energy: A game-theoretic and extenics-based approach","authors":"Jian Hao,&nbsp;Bingqian Meng,&nbsp;Shuyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore wind power is a key pillar of the clean-energy transition, yet ensuring the sustainability of projects demands rigorous multi-dimensional assessment. Current evaluation frameworks often focus on single aspects (e.g., economic or environmental) and suffer from subjectivity in weight assignments and poor handling of uncertainty. Here we propose a novel comprehensive assessment framework that integrates four critical dimensions - technological innovation, market dynamics, policy support, and safety resilience - to evaluate offshore wind sustainability. Methodologically, we introduce a dynamic weighting mechanism that innovatively applies game theory to harmonize objective (CRITIC) and subjective (Anti-entropy) weighting schemes within a Nash equilibrium framework, ensuring a stable and balanced representation of indicator importance. We integrate a pioneering matter-element Extenics cloud model to quantitatively characterize the coupled fuzziness and randomness of multi-dimensional indicators, significantly enhancing the framework's robustness in managing uncertainty and supporting complex sustainability evaluations. Applying this to China's four major offshore regions reveals distinct sustainability profiles: East China leads with the highest scores in innovation and policy support, while other regions lag due to resource and policy gaps. These findings provide tailored insights for regional development and demonstrate the value of our quantitative, multi-dimensional decision-support tool for guiding sustainable offshore wind development globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125399"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charting the energy future of the Galapagos: Smart planning for a fossil-free archipelago by 2040 and full decarbonization by 2050","authors":"Daniel Icaza-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Fernando González-Ladrón-de-Guevara ,&nbsp;David Borge-Diez","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents the planning for the long-term energy transition of the Galapagos Islands. According to Ecuador's strategic plans, it is necessary to free itself from fossil fuels by 2040, while by 2050, it is required to achieve complete decarbonization. The archipelago is a beautiful ecological attraction, considered a living laboratory and of great interest to researchers from various parts of the world. The applied methodology evaluates the starting scenario with data on installed capacity and energy production, then with the support of the energyPLAN simulation model determine the transition process to achieve a 100% renewable system for the Galapagos Islands. The results prove that by 2040, it is possible to supply the archipelago with a complete renewable energy mix of 43.22% solar photovoltaic, 34.22% wind, and 22.56% other diverse technologies. For 2050, 45.66% solar photovoltaic, 36.22% wind, and 18.1% other diverse technologies should be included to achieve the objectives. The full decarbonization effort, which also includes other technologies such as biofuels, geothermal energy, and wave energy, amounts to $92 million. The methodology and the results can be applied to similar case studies and scenarios worldwide and establish a reference frame for this analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125370"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization design of CSP particle receiver based on multi scale modeling: Comprehensive numerical and experimental study of photothermal performance","authors":"Xiaoyu Xu,&nbsp;Qiang Yu,&nbsp;Fansheng Cheng,&nbsp;Zihao Li,&nbsp;Bingyan Shi,&nbsp;Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2026.125411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The particle receiver using solid particles as the heat transfer medium is considered the most critical energy conversion component in supercritical carbon dioxide solar thermal power generation systems, with its performance directly affects the efficiency of the system. Firstly, this study used Monte Carlo ray tracing method to establish a three-dimensional radiation convection coupling model, successfully predicting particle temperature dynamics, and revealing the variation of heat transfer efficiency with direct normal irradiance. Secondly, based on the coupled simulation of discrete element method and computational fluid dynamics, it was found that there is a significant low-speed region near the wall. The research results show that the direct normal irradiance &gt;600W/m², the heat transfer efficiency at 68%, and the optimal flow velocity range was determined through response surface optimization, which can improve the system efficiency by 28%. Finally, in order to verify the accuracy of the model, the outlet temperature of the particles was validated through a single tube free fall experiment. The results showed that the particle outlet temperature significantly increased with the decrease of flow rate, and the max error is 2.52 °C. These findings provide valuable theoretical guidance for the optimization design of tower power stations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 125411"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}