Renewable Energy最新文献

{"title":"Multiphysics insights into CsPbI3 perovskite photovoltaics under proton irradiation","authors":"Mustafa K.A. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Bassam T. Al-Azraq ,&nbsp;Ali K. Al-Mousoi ,&nbsp;Ethar Yahya Salih ,&nbsp;Asha Rajiv ,&nbsp;Badri Narayan Sahu ,&nbsp;Md Ferdous Rahman ,&nbsp;Erdi Akman","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explore the dynamic interaction between proton beams and perovskite solar cells (PSCs), investigating their radiation resistance for space applications. The study starts with the fitting of SCAPS-1D simulation data against experimentally fabricated CsPbI₃-based PSCs under AM1.5 light. We systematically optimized the PSC structure by varying the CsPbI₃ film's thickness, bandgap, bulk defect concentration, and operating temperature. These optimizations led to an improved efficiency from 18.21 % to 19.69 % under AM0 space illumination. Furthermore, complementary SRIM/TRIM calculations demonstrate that low-energy protons (0.05–0.1 MeV) are extensively confined within the perovskite. Such confinement the likelihood of trap-assisted recombination and reduces charge extraction efficiency. Higher-energy protons (0.5–1 MeV) proceed further into the PSC stack and deliver less damage to the perovskite but have potential long-term effects on interfaces. Using TALYS 2.0 software, we demonstrate that many stable and radioactive nuclides were created from this irradiation, but the level of activity was minimal and poses negligible effect. This integrated multiphysics framework offers a reliable methodology for designing radiation-tolerant PSCs, supporting their deployment in space-based photovoltaic (PV) systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124571"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of an integrated ocean thermal energy conversion system","authors":"Chenglong Xiao,&nbsp;Wei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low carbon, stability, and great capacity are the advantages of ocean thermal energy (OTE). Inadequate thermodynamics and exergoeconomic performances of ocean thermal energy power generation, however, impede its large-scaled commercial application. In that case, an integrated power generation, refrigeration, and desalination ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system, where the deep cold seawater is reused, has been proposed to simultaneously produce the aforementioned diverse materials to cater the energy demands of remote tropical islands. Further, a reference point-based fast nondominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III) is employed where the exergetic efficiency and levelized cost of energy (LCoE) are selected as the objective functions to obtain the optimal thermodynamics and exergoeconomic performances. The results display that a net output power of 4.36 kW, refrigeration capacity of 67.22 kW, and freshwater production of 13.31 t/d can be achieved when the flow rate of power subsystem is 1.0 kg/s. Moreover, compared to the single OTEC plant with an LCoE of 3.56 $/kWh, the integrated system's LCoE is only 0.31 $/kWh. Furthermore, the optimization result indicates that the ranges of the exergetic efficiency and LCoE are 10.93 %–40.56 %, and 0.091 $/(kWh) to 0.443 $/(kWh), respectively. Finally, decision-makers can choose any solution on the pareto frontier as operation values depending on specific preferences and criteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124564"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CrackNet: A transformer-based approach for detecting microcrack in photovoltaic panels based on electroluminescence images","authors":"Han Gao ,&nbsp;Siyuan Fan ,&nbsp;Mingyue He ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Wenpeng Hong ,&nbsp;Wei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microcracks in photovoltaic (PV) panels affect power generation efficiency and system safety. Traditional detection methods cannot accurately identify defects with complex shapes due to background noise and low computational efficiency. This paper presents a transformer-based semantic segmentation model, CrackNet, for detecting microcracks in electroluminescence (EL) images. We design a scale-aware dynamic dilated attention (SDDA) mechanism to improve the model’s ability to detect local details and determine global dependencies. We incorporate a dynamic upsampling operator (DySample) to replace dynamic convolutions with a point-sampling strategy, significantly reducing computational complexity and improving processing speed. We propose a preprocessing method for EL images to suppress grid line interference and improve detection accuracy. Experimental results on a custom PV microcrack dataset show that CrackNet achieves an average intersection over union (mIoU) of 80.45% and mean pixel accuracy (mPA) of 82.47%, significantly outperforming mainstream models, such as U-Net and DeepLab v3+. Moreover, CrackNet has higher parameter efficiency (41.72 M parameters) and computational performance (67.10 G FLOPs) than similar algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124549"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring behavioral strategies for third-party market cooperation in renewable energy projects: a perspective on addressing climate change","authors":"Yinyin Zhao ,&nbsp;Benhong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Third-party market cooperation in renewable energy projects is crucial for addressing the global energy crisis. However, extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, rainstorms, and floods, significantly undermine the resilience of energy infrastructure. The challenge of mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on third-party market cooperation in renewable energy projects has become a global concern. To address the limitations of traditional deterministic evolutionary game models, this study introduces a stochastic evolutionary game model by incorporating Gaussian white noise. This model explores the strategic choices and evolutionary processes of Chinese-funded, foreign-funded, and host-country enterprises, as well as the impact of various climate factors on evolutionary equilibrium and enterprise decision-making. Our findings suggest that the strategic behavior of participants exhibits significant fluctuations under random disturbances. As the intensity of disturbances increases, the amplitude of fluctuations intensifies, while the speed at which participants evolve towards a stable state accelerates. When the probability of climate change shocks exceeds 0.5, the willingness of enterprises to respond to these shocks increases significantly, with Chinese-funded and foreign-funded enterprises demonstrating greater sensitivity. The impact of climate change shock loss proportion on the strategic choices of Chinese-funded and host-country enterprises shows directional consistency. As the proportion of climate change losses increases, both enterprises are more inclined to adopt enhanced strategies. Only when the proportion of climate change shock losses exceeds a certain threshold of 0.2 do foreign-funded enterprises tend to strengthen their strategies. This study provides an important practical foundation for multinational enterprises to formulate climate-adaptive strategies and enhance their ability to mitigate climate change risks in third-party market cooperation for renewable energy projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124572"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategy for improving temperature distribution uniformity in molten salt electric heaters: comprehensive optimization of operating parameters","authors":"Xin He ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Chenxing Ren ,&nbsp;Jingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Shaorui Zhang ,&nbsp;Libin Yu ,&nbsp;Mingyue He ,&nbsp;Wenjun Li ,&nbsp;Zhuofan Zhang ,&nbsp;Weiguo Weng ,&nbsp;Chenghang Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molten salt thermal storage technology has been widely applied in recent years for the flexible transformation of thermal power systems and consumption of renewable energy. Molten salt electric heaters (MSEHs) serve as key components of thermal-electrical decoupling in thermal storage systems. However, MSEHs are prone to local overheating and lack effective methods for adjusting operating parameters under variable conditions. The study developed a coupling model for MSEHs to optimize convective heat transfer performance and operating parameters. The results revealed that low heating power significantly alleviated overheating. Moreover, the study revealed how buoyancy effects dominate at low flow rates, leading to severe overheating and a maximum temperature of 657.72 °C. And the criterion based on the modified Rayleigh number for mixed convection onset of MSEHs was established. Additionally, empirical formulas for the MSEH flow and heat transfer characteristics were derived, enabling performance prediction without complex measurements. Finally, it was found that MSEH exhibited better temperature uniformity at lower flow rates and electric heating power under the same temperature rise conditions, with the maximum temperature reduced to 573.85 °C. And a neural network model predicting max temperature of MSEH was developed, providing a critical basis for real-time operational optimization under variable conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124557"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer, capture, and conversion of low concentration CO2 in algae microbial fuel cells by algae bacteria symbiosis and cation intervention","authors":"Dong Huang ,&nbsp;Xin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Algae microbial fuel cells (AMFCs) can be served as the distributed devices for CO₂ sequestration. In this study, effects of saline cations and algae-bacteria synergy on CO₂ transfer, capture, and conversion in AMFCs were quantified. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to compute diffusion coefficients and probe CO₂/HCO₃^- interactions with algal cell membranes. Experiments based on bench-scale AMFCs focused on CO₂ removal efficiency, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), biomass, electrochemical performance, and microbial community tests. MD simulations show that replacing Na⁺ with K⁺ increased diffusion coefficients of CO₂ and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> by 74 % and 70 %, respectively. SEM images confirmed MD results that K⁺ induced more folds and pits on algal plasma membranes, prolonging local CO₂/<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> residence. DIC and biomass experiments demonstrated that algae-bacteria synergy achieved higher CO₂ capture and conversion capacity by tuning dissolved O₂ and pH. 16S rRNA analysis indicated that algae and bioelectricity reshaped bacterial flora by selecting and enriching suitable species. Moreover, bacteria acted as CO₂ enrichment agents for algae by consuming the needless dissolve organic carbon. In brief, K⁺ improved mass transfer and absorption of CO₂/<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>. Algae-bacteria symbiosis and bioelectronic stimulation boosted CO₂ capture and conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124568"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated carbon capture and renewable technologies for carbon neutral energy hubs: A network-ready superstructure model","authors":"Ali Allahyarzadeh,&nbsp;Mahdi Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive superstructure model for carbon-neutral energy hubs, integrating Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) with renewable technologies. The model addresses the significant energy demands of CCUS processes, particularly in cooling, heating, and CO₂ compression, by incorporating an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to enhance overall energy efficiency. The proposed framework features an energy-efficient CO₂ removal unit capable of sepa¹rating up to 130,000 kg/h of CO₂, with the ORC integrated into the compression stages' intercoolers. Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) and photovoltaic (PV) technologies are incorporated to meet heating and power demands, while batteries provide electrochemical energy storage for multi-vector energy management. This integration enables sustainable electrical power production of up to 9.5 MW. The superstructure is designed as a flexible, network-ready template for carbon-neutral energy nodes, adaptable to various industrial settings and scalable for broader energy networks. Sensitivity analyses identify the optimal CCUS operating conditions and structural configuration, revealing that the system's total heating demand and power consumption are most sensitive to the CO₂ removal units' operating pressure and structural parameters. The model's versatility is demonstrated through its application to blue hydrogen production, integrating a hydrogen-based power and heat generation unit for methane reforming at 24 bar and 700 °C. This conceptual design offers a modular approach to developing interconnected, carbon-neutral energy systems across diverse industrial applications, paving the way for large-scale industrial decarbonization strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124570"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local energy communities in rural Switzerland: national scalability under different incentives schemes and economic scenarios","authors":"Elliot Romano ,&nbsp;Evelina Trutnevyte","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Local Energy Communities (LECs), as a mechanism to incentivize production, self-consumption, storage, and selling of renewable energy, could be particularly interesting in agricultural regions, but the potential for rural LECs remains unexplored. This study models at high spatial and temporal resolution the portfolios of building-integrated solar photovoltaics (PV), agri-PV, wind power, biomass, hydropower, and batteries for forming LECs in all 730 rural Swiss municipalities. By focusing on the self-consumption benefits that often motivate LECs, including consumption for electrified heating, transport and agriculture, we evaluate the national scalability of LECs, as virtual microgrids, under various economic scenarios and incentive schemes. A key finding is that LECs in rural Swiss municipalities could generate up to 8 TWh/year of renewable electricity in 2035, contributing 23 % towards the new Swiss renewable electricity target of 35 TWh/year. However, this potential is contingent on suitable economic conditions (market prices, feed-in tariffs, and retail tariffs) and there is a risk that, under current incentives, LECs might prioritize self-consumption, leveraging only part of their renewable electricity potential and sidelining technologies that could more effectively meet national targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124569"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing sensible heat storage: A novel transient heat transfer model for concrete-based TES modules for CSP applications","authors":"Pablo D. Tagle-Salazar ,&nbsp;Luisa F. Cabeza ,&nbsp;Cristina Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concentrating solar power (CSP) plays a crucial role in renewable energy systems, offering high-temperature heat for electricity generation and industrial processes while supporting the transition to sustainable energy. Thermal energy storage (TES) improves the reliability and dispatchability of CSP systems. Among the sensible heat storage options, concrete emerges as a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative that warrants further investigation. This study introduces a comprehensive mathematical model for simulating the transient thermal behaviour of concrete-based TES modules. The model accommodates diverse geometries, supports a wide range of heat transfer fluids (HTFs) in all flow regimes, and accounts for heat losses to the environment, factors that are often overlooked in prior research. The mathematical framework was incorporated into a software platform called OpenModelica and will later be included in a tool developed by the authors to evaluate the performance of CSP plants. Before this integration takes place, the model undergoes validation, which is the primary focus of this study. The model was validated through two case studies, one theoretical and the other experimental, each involving different operational conditions, geometries, HTFs, and materials. The theoretical case confirmed that the model could capture the key physical phenomena governing transient heat transfer in the storage module. A comparison between the simulation results and experimental data revealed a strong agreement in temperature, heat flow, and total energy transmitted, with temperature errors within the IEC 60751 standard and total energy transfer errors ranging from −6.15 % to +5.69 %. These findings highlight the potential of concrete-based TES to enhance the performance of CSP systems, contributing to reliable and sustainable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124558"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dynamic meteorological correlation integrated hybrid method for photovoltaic output forecasting","authors":"Yue Xiang ,&nbsp;Yunjie Yang ,&nbsp;Lixiong Xu ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Tang ,&nbsp;Youbo Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Junyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the large-scale integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into the power grid, accurate PV output forecasting is crucial to ensure the safe and stable operation of the grid. Mountainous PV plants face significant challenges in accurate forecasting due to complex and variable meteorological factors and unclear dynamic correlations between these factors and PV output. While ensuring forecasting accuracy, it is also necessary to consider the computational costs encountered in practical engineering deployments. Based on this, we propose a dynamic meteorological correlation integrated hybrid method. First, through correlation analysis, dominant meteorological factors are identified to achieve computational dimensionality reduction, quantify the correlation strength between meteorological factors and PV output, and explore their dynamic correlation rules. Then, these dynamic correlation rules are integrated into the hybrid forecasting model's loss function, and an alternating training approach is adopted to realize collaborative training between the temporal identification module and XGBoost. Finally, the hybrid method is validated and evaluated at a PV plant in the Hengduan Mountains. Compared with baseline models, results show that under the complex and variable meteorological conditions of the abundant wet season, dry season, and normal season, proposed method achieves <em>R</em>² values above 0.95 for 7-day and 10-day forecasting horizons, with RMSE reductions ranging from 10 % to 30 %. This demonstrates the excellent forecasting accuracy of the hybrid model and provides a valuable reference for improving PV output forecasting accuracy in other regions with complex meteorological factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124561"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}